Answer:
309 (+3 for stop codon)
Explanation:
The Genetic code is a scheme of 3 nucleotide base pair codons that code for different amino acids.Each amino acid has a codon of 3 base pairs. Therefore, to calculate the size of the mRNA, we use the formula:Total base pairs = Amino acids * 3B.P = 103* 3 = 309The length of the mRNA that codes for 103 amino acids is 309 base pairs plus a 3 base pair stop codon that terminates translation.
To calculate the length of base pairs for a polypeptide with 103 amino acids, one multiplies the number of amino acids by three as each is encoded by a codon of three nucleotides, resulting in 309 base pairs.
If a polypeptide contains 103 amino acids, determining the length of base pairs in the corresponding DNA sequence involves understanding the genetic code. Each amino acid in a polypeptide is coded by three nucleotides, known collectively as a codon. Therefore, for a polypeptide of 103 amino acids, we would expect 103 codons. Since each codon is composed of 3 nucleotide pairs, the length of base pairs would be 3 times the number of amino acids, giving us a total of 309 nucleotide pairs.
Consider the demographics of a hypothetical low income country versus a high income country. Consider the total fertility rate (TFR) of the two countries. What statement would NOT apply in evaluating their TFR's? A) The low income country exists in a lower stage of demographic transition. B) In the high income country women have more access to educational resources. C) The low income country relies on agriculture for subsistence; the high relies on technology. D) We would expect to find adequate health care in the high income rather than the low income country.
C) The low income country relies on agriculture for subsistence; the high relies on technology
Explanation:
While all four statements apply equally to a comparison of demographics of poor and rich countries, this statement regarding means of subsistence has no overall effect on fertility rate or its treatment as such.
While access to education would mean better understanding of reproduction and hence availability of healthcare in case of complications.
The means of sustenance in themselves are insignificant for this metric.
Using the cowpox virus to create a virus for smallpox
Answer:
...induced a primary immune response and immunological memory. Because of this, an encounter with the pathogen would trigger a rapid and strong secondary response.
The sun's motion across the sky is caused by _____.
Answer:
by the rotation of the Earth on its axis
Explanation:
Answer:
The movement of the sun is causes by the rotation of the earth. This is also why the moon goes across the sky. Also, the earth doesn't go in an exact circle around the sun; instead, it is closer to the sun in the hotter months and farther in the cooler months. Hope this helps with the answer.
a scientist wants to study maing behaviour in crickets
A scientist wants to study mating behaviors in crickets. She hypothesizes that males that win the most male vs male contests mate with the most female. She observes the crickets to obtain data. For each male, she counts the number of male-male fights he wins and the number of females he mates with. What is the independent variable?
Answer:The number of fights is the independent variable.
Explanation:Independent variable in an event is defined as the event that's occurring and its number is fixed from the beginning. Also all the other dependent variable or dependent events are completely dependent on these independent events and their number varies with the change of independent variable.
Here in this event, the independent variable is the number of fights. The number of fights is actually the number of males - 1 and this number of males in a community is fixed. Till the end, the males will fight and the final winner will have the chance to mate with the most number of females. So the number of fights in the community is the independent variable here.
Final answer:
The independent variable in the cricket mating behavior study is the number of fights won by male crickets, while the dependent variable is the number of females they mate with. Replication is achieved by including a large enough sample of crickets.
Explanation:
In the study of mating behavior in crickets, the independent variable is the number of male-male fights a male cricket wins. The dependent variable is the number of females the male cricket mates with. Replication in this experiment constitutes having a sufficient number of male crickets to ensure that the results are not due to chance but rather are representative of the entire population of crickets being studied.
When the blades of a fan move, they have mechanical energy.
This mechanical energy comes from
A.
electrical energy flowing into the fan from the wall outlet.
B.
sound energy flowing into the fan from a radio.
C.
heat energy flowing into the fan from the air.
D.
light energy flowing into the fan through the window.
Answer:
A) Electrical energy flowing into the fan from the wall outlet
Explanation:
4. A small population of chimpanzees lives in a habitat that undergoes no changes for a long period.
How will genetic drift probably affect this population?
a. It will accelerate the appearance of new traits.
b. It will promote the survival of chimpanzees with beneficial traits.
c. It will increase the number of alleles for specific traits.
d. It will reduce genetic diversity.
Genetic drift is the dramatic almost sped up process of natural selection due to the untouched habitat the species I lives in. Genetic drift is characterized by the changing in alleles, whether more or less, natural selection could care less as long as they're creating diverse populations.
Answer:
It will reduce genetic diversity by decreasing the frequency of some alleles and increasing the frequency of others.
Explanation:
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7. A person with diabetes cannot regulate their blood sugar,
es cannot regulate their blood sugar mainly because the pancreas does not release
enough insulin. To treat the disease, a person must monitor their blood suga
must take an injection of insulin. How do you think they would need to treat low
ust monitor their blood sugar, if their blood sugar is high, they
hink they would need to treat low blood sugar?
Answer:
Blood sugar regulation in a diabetic patient is done by Injecting prescribed quantity of hormone insulin after definite time intervals.Consuming prescribed amount of sugars.Injecting glucagon to maintain blood sugar level if alpha cells of the pancreas are also non-functional.Explanation:
The concentration of sugar in the blood is regulated by the hormone, insulin, produced in the pancreatic beta cells in normal person and injected from outside in a diabetic person.When the concentration of glucose in the blood is high, the insulin signals the hepatocytes to express their glucose transporters to take up the excess glucose from blood and convert them to glycogen.When concentration of sugar in the blood is low, another hormone called glucagon, released from the alpha cells of the pancreas, signals the liver to carry out glycogenolysis (breakdown of glycogen to glucose) and release the glucose into the blood. This would maintain the glucose level in the blood.In a diabetic patient, usually the beta cells of the pancreas are affected but not the alpha cells, so the glycogenolysis can occur in the body spontaneously.But excess injection of insulin should also be avoided as that can cause the blood sugar level to come down below normal.Ecosystem distribution is related to precipitation; regions that receive large amounts of precipitation are wet and therefore
Ecosystem distribution is related to precipitation; regions that receive large amounts of precipitation are wet and therefore have increased vegetation.
Explanation:
Precipitation in the form of rain and climate determines the vegetation of an ecosystem. Ecosystems with abundant rainfall will have dense vegetation and one with scarce rainfall will have limited or no vegetation.
Tropical rainforest ecosystems receive large amounts of rainfall distributed year round and have thick vegetation.
Water is the prime growth factor for plants and rainfall is the main source of water for plants. Any ecosystem, maybe a desert, grassland, fertile plain, bushlands, evergreen forest etc depend upon rainfall.
The rainfall determines the density of vegetation, the type of vegetation, greenness, structure of plants or trees like foliage, height, branching etc
Ecosystem distribution is related to precipitation, as high rainfall areas can sustain richer and more diverse biomes, including tropical wet forests and aquatic biomes. Conversely, regions with lower precipitation often have less diverse ecosystems. Climate change also plays a significant role in ecosystem distribution.
Explanation:Ecosystem distribution can indeed be related to precipitation. In regions that receive large amounts of precipitation, the environment is typically wet and rich in biodiversity. This moisture can lead to the formation of various types of biomes, including tropical wet forests that exhibit high net primary productivity due to the warm temperatures, abundant water, and a year-round growing season. Other ecosystems, such as aquatic biomes, are shaped according to different factors, including density and temperature, as well as the amount of sunlight available.
On the other hand, regions with lower precipitation like deserts and the tundra have a lower primary productivity and less diverse ecosystems due to extreme temperatures and a lack of available water.
Climate change is another important factor impacting the distribution of ecosystems, as changes in temperature and greenhouse gas concentrations can affect the living conditions of various species and disrupt their habitats.
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a branch of study or knowledge
about the physical and material world
which is conducted through investigation
and observation
Answer:
Science.
Explanation:
Can also refers to a practical, intellectual activity that involves the study of natural and physical worlds by shedding light into their structure and also behavior in a systematic way.
Nitrogen atoms are part of the structure of some organic molecules, such as all amino acids and some modified carbohydrates. What other organic molecules contain nitrogen?
Explanation:
The nucleic acids are comprised of smaller units called nucleotides and function as storage for the body’s genetic information. These monomers include ribonucleic acid (RNA) or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). They differ from other macromolecules since they don’t provide the body with energy. They exist solely to encode and protein synthesis.
Basic makeup: C, H, O, P; they contain phosphate group 5 carbon sugar does nitrogen bases which may contain single to double bond ring.
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Answer:
nucleotides
Explanation:
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What is a basic unit a sugar molecule
Answer: The basic unit of a sugar molecule is carbon.
Explanation:
Carbon forms the skeleton of all sugar molecules. It is the basic unit of every sugar molecule which has the ability to form covalent bonds with other elements like hydrogen and oxygen to form sugar molecules. For instance, in a simple sugar such as glucose having a formula of C6H12O6, carbon combines with hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio of 1:2:1.
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the incomplete metamorphosis consists of three stages: egg, nymph, and adult.
1. egg
2. nymph
3. adult
the answer is egg
Answer: Egg
Explanation: There are basically two types of metamorphosis: complete and incomplete metamorphosis. In complete metamorphosis, the insect passes through the egg, larva and pupa stages before emerging as an adult. In incomplete metamorphosis, the egg hatches into a nymph, and the emerges into adult without passing through the pupa stage.
Stages of complete metamorphosis are egg, larva, pupa and adult. Stages of incomplete metamorphosis are egg, nymph and adult
Which term best describes the work done by a community in which people
mostly raise animals for meat, milk, and clothing?
O
A. Farming
O
B. Domestigating
Hunting and gathering
O
D. Manufacturing
Answer:
Explanation:
Farming
Two steel balls that are the same mass and size are rolled with the same force across different level surfaces.
The ball rolling across carpet will come to a stop faster than the one rolling across concrete because of
A) air resistance.
B) friction.
C) gravity.
D) speed.
Answer:
The reason why the ball rolling across carpet will come to a stop faster than the one rolling across concrete is the friction (option B).
Explanation:
The contact surface on which the balls move is different. Irregularities in the carpet cause the ball in it to stop faster. The concrete surface is less irregular, and allows the ball to move a little more and then stop. This is due to friction.
In physics, friction is a force that is capable of opposing movement, since the contact of two surfaces limits its movement. A smooth surface produces less friction than a rough or irregular surface.
Since the friction that stops both balls occurs when they are in motion, it is called dynamic friction, that is, the force that causes a moving body to stop.
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The ball rolling across the carpet will come to a stop faster than the one rolling across the concrete because of friction.
Frictional force refers to the resistance force experienced by a moving object on a surface as a result of the opposing tendency of the surface.The smoother a surface is, the lower the frictional force it offers, and the more coarse a surface is, the more frictional force it offers.Two steel balls rolling on two different surfaces would experience similar forces. However, a carpeted surface is more coarse and irregular than a concreted surface.
Thus, the frictional force on the carpeted surface would be more and the ball would stop faster as opposed to the concrete surface.
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The observed results of an oxperiment that occur from changes in the test variable (independent variablo) are known as _
A.
outcome variables
B.
trials
c.
D.
constants
controlled variables
Answer:outcome variables
Explanation:
Answer:
outcome variable it correct a f
Explanation
What’s the meaning of diagnoses
Answer:
A diagnoses is something a person has whenever they are sick or have something the doctor tells them they have a diagnoses.
Explanation:
what is an example of Newton’s 2nd or 3rd Law in daily life.
I think this is more of Physics, not Biology:
2nd law:
Well, have you ever sat in a car, and when the car accelerates fast enough, you get pushed to the back of your seat, and the back of your seat kind of "pushes" you forward? The back of our seat operates force on our back which is proportional to the acceleration and our weight (mass).
The second law basically defines “force” in terms of “mass” and “acceleration”. So any situation in which an object changes its velocity involves that law.
3rd law:
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Let's consider the example of the apple falling on Newton's head. Gravity applies a downard force on the apple. While the apple applies an equal and opposite force upwards to keep the apple "suspended". But when the force becomes too weak to match gravity, it falls downward.
In mitosis, how does the number of chromosomes in a daughter cell compare to the number of chromosomes in a parent cell?
Question 10 options:
The daughter cell has one-fourth the number of chromosomes.
The daughter cell has one-half the number of chromosomes.
The daughter cell has twice the number of chromosomes.
The daughter cell has the exact same number of chromosomes.
The daughter cell has the exact same number of chromosomes
In mitosis, when the number of chromosomes in a daughter cell is compared to the number of chromosomes in a parent cell, the daughter cell has the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
What is mitosis?Mitosis is the division of a parent cell into two identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes.Meiosis, on the other hand, results in four distinct daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.During the mitotic process, daughter cells are formed from the parent cell and have the same chromosome number as the parent cell.During mitosis, equatorial division occurs, resulting in two daughter cells with identical genetic makeup.Mitosis is traditionally divided into five stages: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis.
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Rosalind Franklin’s photographs of the X-ray diffraction pattern of DNA provided important clues about the structure of the DNA molecule. What was revealed by the photograph that enabled Watson and Crick to build their model of the DNA molecule? Select all that apply. A. The nitrogenous bases form the backbone on the outside of each DNA strand. B. The DNA strands are twisted around each other. C. There are two strands in the DNA molecule. D. The nitrogenous bases are near the center of the DNA molecule.
Answer:
The correct answers: B, C and D.
Explanation:
X-ray diffraction studies of the DNA reveal the following:The DNA is comprised of two strands which are coiled around each other in the shape of a helix.The backbone of the DNA is made up of phosphate and deoxyribose groups, alternately, which are exposed towards the outside of the helix.The nitrogenous bases which form the hydrogen bonds that link the two helices are directed towards the centre of the helix.The atomic and molecular arrangement of the compound subjected to the X- rays can be defined by using the X-ray diffraction method.
The photograph enabled Watson and Crick to develop their DNA molecule structure and revealed:
Option B. The DNA strands are twisted around each other. Option C. There are two strands in the DNA molecule. Option D. The nitrogenous bases are near the centre of the DNA molecule.This can be explained as:
The DNA fragment comprises two antiparallel strands.They are in a twisting style and form a helical formation.The DNA molecule includes sugar, nucleotide and phosphate in alternative styles in helical formations.The phosphate and the sugar are projected to face outwards, while the nitrogenous bases face inwards.Therefore, DNA is a double helical arrangement with two antiparallel strands containing nitrogenous bases, sugar and phosphates.
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This term means: To expose a subject to an infectious agent (such as a virus). It is often
done to prevent the subject from getting a disease, in which case it is synonymous with the
term 'vaccinate'.
Answer:
Immunization
Explanation:
Immunization can be described as a process in which an organism is exposed to an infectious agent or its antigens. The infectious agent might be completely or partially killed do that in might not cause disease in the host cell. However, the host cell will produce antibodies against the pathogen and remember the pathogen. Next time if that pathogen infects the host cell, it will be recognized quickly and a response will be generated.
Answer:
Inoculate
Explanation:
A man with type A blood marries a women with type B. Their offspring all have type AB blood. the pattern of inheritance is called
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1. RNA
2. Nucleic acid.
3. Units.
4. DNA.
5. Protein.
6. Transcription
7. Molecules
8. Units
9. Amino acids.
10. Translation.
Explanation:Protein synthesis and the RNA synthesis is the total process that takes place together in each and every cell which is the Central Dogma theory.
In this theory, the RNAs are produced from the DNA by means of the process of transcription. In this process, the enzyme DNA dependent RNA polymerase acts as the primary DNA.
In the second step, the RNA produces the protein by the process of translation. This process involves the participation of each and every types of RNA like the rRNA, tRNA, and mRNA. These RNAs are all involved to form proteins by accumulation of amino acids and polymerizing them to form proteins.
what prevents blood movement from left ventricle to left atrium
The Mitral valve which is also known as left atrioventricular prevents blood movement from left ventricle to left atrium.
Explanation:
Human heart is four chambered.Two of these are receiving chambers known as atria and the other two are distributing chamber known as Ventricles.Atria are superior chambers and ventricles are inferior chambers.The heart has four valves broadly grouped as Atrioventricular valves and Semi lunar valves. Atrioventricular valves allows flow of blood from atria to ventricle. These are tricuspid valve and bicuspid valve.Semi-lunar valves allow blood to pass out of the heart. These include the pulmonary and aortic valves.The pulmonary valve allows blood to flow from right ventricle to the heart while aortic valve allows blood to flow from left ventricle to the Aorta.The Tricuspid valve located between the right atrium and right ventricle allows blood to flow from right atrium to the right ventricle. The Bicuspid valve ( Mitral valve) located between the left atrium and left ventricle allows the blood flow from left atria to left ventricle.Valves maintain the unidirectional flow of blood and thus prevent its back flow.The mitral valve prevents blood from flowing backwards from the left ventricle to the left atrium in the heart. It's a one-way valve that closes when the left ventricle contracts, ensuring blood flows in the correct direction. Malfunction of this valve can lead to heart problems.
Explanation:The structure that prevents blood movement from the left ventricle back to the left atrium is called the mitral valve, also known as the bicuspid valve. This valve is a one-way valve that ensures blood flows in the correct direction. When the left ventricle contracts, this valve closes tightly to prevent blood from flowing backwards into the left atrium.
The mitral valve's functionality is crucial for the efficient functioning of the heart, as any disruption in the valve can lead to health complications such as mitral valve prolapse, mitral regurgitation, or heart murmurs.
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Question 2 (Multiple Choice Worth 2 points)
Which of the following correctly describes a way in which Earth's atmosphere interacts with the biosphere?
Living organisms breathe gases in the atmosphere.
Which of these actions is a reproductive strategy?
A.
a lioness teaching her young how to hunt
B.
a tiger hunting deer
C.
cattle grazing on meadows
D.
bats hanging upside down on trees
Answer:
Which of these actions is a reproductive strategy
a lioness teaching her young how to hunt
Explanation:
when a a lioness teaches her young how to hunt, it shows that the lioness wants continuity of its generation as a result practicing reproductive strategy.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
hope it helps
What is the internal environment and explain how it is related to the inside of a cell, the interstitial fluid and to the outside world?
Internal environment and its relation with inside cell
Explanation:
Internal environment of an organism is water-based where the body cells exist.The fluid known as tissue fluid washes the body cells.Oxygen and nutrients are carried to the cells from Internal Transport system of the body. Interstitial fluid is found in between the spaces of cell. It comes out from the substances that flow out from the blood capillaries. Oldertissue fluid is replaced by new fluid where older flood drains towards lymph vessels.The internal environment is the environment within an organism's body, including inside a cell and the surrounding interstitial fluid. It is closely related to the outside world as changes in the external environment can affect the internal environment.
Explanation:The internal environment of an organism is the environment within its body, made up of the cell's inside environment and the interstitial fluid that surrounds the cells. The inside of a cell and the interstitial fluid together create a stable environment that allows the cells to function properly and maintain homeostasis.
The internal environment is crucially related to the outside world. Changes in the external environment can directly or indirectly affect the internal environment. For instance, changes in temperature can affect the cellular metabolism while changes in nutrient composition can influence the available substances for the cells. Thus, an organism needs to constantly adapt to changes in the external environment to keep its internal environment steady and function normally.
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A tropical storm is an example of what two spheres of the earth interacting?
atmosphere and hydrosphere
geosphere and cryosphere
biosphere and atmosphere
cryosphere and atmosphere
Answer:
atmosphere and hydrosphere.
Explanation:
Answer:
atmosphere and hydrosphere i hope this helps
Explanation:
33. How is the speed of light affected as light passes at an angle from air to water?
It remains constant.
It speeds up.
It passes through unchanged.
It slows down.
Answer: I believe the answer is "It slows down."
How is a solid substance affected by adding heat energy to it?
O A) Its mass increases.
OB) Its temperature decreases.
OC) The motion of its particles increases.
OD) The motion of its particles decreases.
Answer:
D) the motion of its particles increases
Explanation:
When heat is added to a solid substance, the particles in the solid gains kinetic energy and the motion of the particles increases.
Answer: The motion of its particles increases.
Explanation: When heat energy is applied to a solid substances its particles acquire kinetic energy. As the kinetic energy of the particles increases, the bonds between the particles begin to break, and the particles engages in a random motion. As the heat energy increases, their kinetic energy increases and consequently their is an increase in the motion of the particles.
Pretend human eye color is determined by a single gene, with brown eyes (B) being dominant over blue (b). A brown-eyed man marries a blue-eyed woman, and they have three children. Two of the children are brown-eyed, and one is blue-eyed. What is the probability the brown-eyed children have the genotype BB?
The probability of the brown-eyed children having the genotype BB is 0% as their father must be heterozygous (Bb) in order to have a blue-eyed child with a blue-eyed woman. The existence of a blue-eyed child confirms that both parents cannot have a homozygous dominant BB genotype.
Explanation:The question revolves around the genetics of eye color, specifically the probability of the brown-eyed children inheriting a certain genotype (BB)
Given that we know the blue-eyed woman must have a genotype of bb (as blue eye color is recessive), and one of their children also has blue eyes, we can conclude that the brown-eyed man must have a genotype of Bb in order to produce a blue-eyed child. This is because two heterozygous Bb parents have a 25% chance of producing a bb (blue-eyed) offspring.
Therefore, with each Bb parent (the brown-eyed man and the blue-eyed woman), we use a Punnett square to predict offspring genotypes. The possible genotypes for their children would be 25% BB, 50% Bb, and 25% bb. However, since one child is blue-eyed (bb), we know the man's genotype cannot be BB. So the possible genotypes for the two brown-eyed children are either BB or Bb. But since BB is not possible, as at least one parent is Bb, the probability of the brown-eyed children having the genotype BB is 0%.