Answer: ... it stores its genetic information as RNA and not as DNA and can synthesize ...
Explanation:
In contrast with other viruses, HIV can't be got rid of completely from the human body , even with treatment.
So like stated above, the characteristic of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that makes it different from other RNA viruses is that it stores its genetic information as RNA and not as DNA and can synthesize DNA from an RNA template it carries to override it hosts DNA.
So once one get HIV, such have it for life. HIV attacks the body's CD4 cells (T cells) that wall of the immune system that specifically help the immune system fight off infections.
The mechanism of the HIV storing its genetic information as RNA rather than as DNA , it replication and infection pattern has made it standout to become a global treat.
Sodium is a necessary nutrient and the major extracellular cation in the body. What is one of its functions?
A) Cardiac stability
B) Muscular stability
C) Immune system functioning
D) Nerve impulse transmission
Answer:
A. Cardiac stability
Explanation:
Sodium helps to maintain the amount of bloodflow throughout your body too much or too les can be really dangerous.
Sodium is a critical nutrient for the body, with one of its key functions being the facilitation of nerve impulse transmission. This process is essential for movement, sensation, and body process regulation.
Explanation:Among its various essential roles in the body, sodium mainly serves as the major cation in extracellular fluid in our body. One of its most important functions is to facilitate nerve impulse transmission (Answer: D). This biochemical process is vital for crucial bodily functions, including movement, sensation, and the regulation of bodily processes. Sodium allows the generation and conduction of electrical impulses in the nerve cells by regulating the fluid balance in our body and assisting in the movement of various other molecules across cell membranes.
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The flow of genetic information from DNA to protein in eukaryotic cells is called the central dogma of biology.
(a) State two reasons gene regulation must be regulated in eukaryotes (5 points) and
(b) describe three processes that regulate gene expression in eukaryotes. In other words, what specific role does gene regulation accomplish in eukaryotes, and what are three methods of gene regulation. Be sure to include names of molecules that are affected by these three methods. (5 points each).
Central dogma of Biology is - DNA to RNA to Protein. The gene expression is controlled by gene regulation.
Explanation:
a) Two reasons why gene regulation must be regulated in eukaryotes are :
i. To remove the introns which are the non coding regions of the mRNA segment and make mature mRNA that will code for proteins.
ii. Gene regulation increases the flexibility and adaptability of a life form by permitting the cell to code for protein when required.
b) Three processes that regulate gene expression in eukaryotes are:
i. Transcription - Transcription is a main regulatory point for several genes. Group of transcription factors stick to specific DNA sequences in or around a gene and promote or repress its transcription into an RNA.
ii. RNA processing - cutting, capping, and poly-A tail addition to an RNA molecule can be regulated which can then exit from the nucleus. Various mRNAs can be made from the same pre-mRNA by the process of alternative splicing. Removal of introns also makes mRNA activated.
iii. Translation - Translation of an mRNA can be enhanced or inhibited by regulators. For example- miRNAs occasionally inhibit translation of their target mRNAs, instead of removing them.
Regulation in eukaryotes ensures proteins are made efficiently and as needed. Key processes include epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional regulation, affecting DNA, RNA, and protein molecules.
Explanation:Gene Regulation in EukaryotesGene regulation in eukaryotic cells is vital for a number of reasons. Firstly, it ensures that proteins are produced at the right time and in the right cell type, supporting different functions and stages of development. Secondly, gene regulation conserves energy and resources, as synthesizing proteins that are not needed would be wasteful.
Processes of Gene RegulationEpigenetic gene regulation: affects the accessibility of DNA to transcription machinery through mechanisms like DNA methylation and histone modification.Transcriptional gene regulation: involves the use of transcription factors that enhance or repress the initiation of transcription at certain genes.Post-transcriptional gene regulation: includes splicing, editing, and degradation of mRNA, and the involvement of microRNAs to control mRNA stability and translation.Each of these processes modifies different molecules like DNA, RNA, and proteins to finely tune gene expression in response to internal and external stimuli.
Describe how diseases are spread happens in communities.
Subject: Anatomy and Physiology
Explanation:
Disease is an abnormal condition of a body that negatively affects the structure or functions of the parts of body of an organism.Disease can be caused by external factors such as pathogens or by internal dysfunctions.The Diseases are further catagorised into Infectious Disease and Non infectious Disease.The Infectious diseases can be spread through direct contact i.e. from person to person. Infectious diseases spread through bacteria, viruses or other germs from one person to another.The disease is also spread through body fluids when blood of one person is transferred to the other person.The non infectious disease do not require any medium to transfer from one person to another.The non infectious disease is caused within the body. It is due to dysfunctioning of body parts.The diseases are spread in communities by the pathogens such as bacteria, viruses etc.Bacteria: Bacteria are single cell organisms, responsible for illnesses such as Tuberculosis, Urinary tract infections.Viruses: Viruses can cause multiple diseases that can range from the common cold to AIDS. Fungi: Fungi can cause skin diseases, such as ringworm and athlete's foot. It also infect our lungs or nervous system. Parasites: Parasites may be transmitted to humans from animal faeces. Malaria disease is caused by a parasite that is transmitted by a mosquito bite.The disease are spread in communities by the above pathogens:1. When the area is filthy.
2.When pot holes are not covered.
3. When the rain water accumulates in a specific area.
4. When the food is not kept safe or it is kept in an open area.
5. When drinking water is not kept safe or it is opened.
6. When the same food or water is used by multiple people in an unhygenic manner.
In a species of snail, dark-shelled individuals are better hidden from bird predators in the shady forest, while light-shelled individuals are better hidden in well-lit brushy edge areas. If there were no areas of intermediate brightness in this habitat, which type of selection would act on shell color in these snails? a stabilizing selection b. directional selection c. disruptive selection
Answer:
c. disruptive selection
Explanation:
Disruptive selection, which is also called diversifying selection, is a form of natural selection that causes individuals with intermediate trait to be less favored to survive and reproduce, while those with extreme traits are favored by the evolutionary forces, making them to survive and reproduce more.
Disruptive selection would act on shell color in the snails causing the alleles for the extreme traits to increase in frequency while that of intermediate values will decrease resulting in the population being divided mainly into two groups.
Need help ASAP.
1.) Explain the difference or similarities between CRISPR and at least one other type of Genetic Engineering Technique you have researched?
2.) What type of change to the DNA/RNA sequence is CRIPSR?
3.) How is CRISPR used to help people.
Answer:
Answer No 1) The differences between gene therapy and CRISPR are:
CRISPR is one of the methods which is used in molecular labs to alter the DNA. It can be considered as one of the tolls for gene therapy. On the other hand, gene therapy can be described as all the various techniques which are used to treat a certain genetic disorder. In this way, CRISPR technology comes under gene therapy.In traditional gene therapy techniques, infectious agents such as viruses were used for incorporation of new genes. CRISPR technology has made the incorporation process a lot less riskier by using molecular tools to incorporate DNA instead of viruses.Answer No 2)
The techniques used in the process of CRISPR were adapted from the normal genome editing process of bacteria. It is hence a genome editing change.
Answer No 3)
The CRISPR technology allows scientists to create cells or models of animals in the laboratory within no time. The CRISPR technology enables scientists to study diseases such as cancer and the possible treatments for these diseases in the laboratory. In the near future, CRISPR will be an effective tool for editing DNA in humans and treating various disorders. Through this technique a huge number of genetic diseases will be able to be cured.
Explanation:
Traumatic experiences that occurred long ago are known as _____ stressors. Group of answer choices hidden life-changing distant naturalistic time-limited
Answer:
distant
Explanation:
Distant stressors are types of stress involving traumatic events witnessed or suffered by an individual in the past in which the negative effects is still being felt by the individual and thereby modifying the function of the immune system. This is as a result of their thought process and cognitive consequences that lingers for long. Examples of distant stressors include war trauma, child abuse.
The proximal tubule of the nephron (kidney tubule) in the kidney is composed of which type of epithelium?
Answer:
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Explanation:
The epithelium are tissues that line body surfaces and internal organs.
They can be Squamous-,cuboidal or Columnar.
The function of epithelium is to protect the underlying tissue from physical and chemical trauma.
They also help in absorption example in the digestive tract
They help in secretion of hormones in to the vascular system.
In the proximal Tubule of the nephron, it is lined up with the Simple cuboidal epithelium consisting of cells that are cube-like.
A pluripotent stem cell _____.
a. can develop into a new organism if placed in a womb after its first four divisions during fertilization
b. can differentiate as one type of cell only
c. is an adult stem cell
d. does not have the ability to develop into a new organism, but can give rise to any of the cell types in a body
e. can allow regeneration of human body parts such as limbs
Answer:
d. does not have the ability to develop into a new organism, but can give rise to any of the cell types in a body
Explanation:
they are referred to as master cells with the ability to make cells from all three basic body layers, so they can potentially produce any cell or tissue the body needs to repair itself.
Which liver function study is used to show the size of the liver and hepatic blood flow and obstruction?
Answer:Radioisotope Liver Scanner.
Explanation:
Radioisotope liver scan is a type of nuclear medication in which the radioactive tracer is formed by adding radioactive atoms to the molecules absorbed by the normal liver tissues.
It is used in diagnosing liver diseases.
During the hyperpolarization phase of the action potential, when the membrane potential is more negative than the resting membrane potential, what happens to voltage-gated ion channels?
Answer:
Hyperpolarization occurs when the change in a cell's membrane potential, due to the opening of potassium channels, (K+ migrate outside and Cl- migrates inside) makes it more negative and Na+ channels close.
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Which blood cell type is elevated at birth but decreases to adult levels during the first year of life?
Answer:
The correct answer is monocyte
Explanation:
The largest white blood cell in the circulation is monocyte. A high level of monocyte indicates inflammation and chronic infection. During birth, the monocyte level becomes elevated as compared to adults.
These monocyte plays an important role in providing innate immunity to the neonate because during birth the child is at the great risk of getting infection. Monocyte can be differentiated into dendritic cell or tissue macrophages and destroy pathogens in neonates. Therefore the correct answer is monocyte.
What specific tissue type has large parallel bundles of collagen and is found in tendons and ligaments?
Answer:Connective tissue
Explanation: connective tissue are made up of a tissue consisting of living cells and a non-living substance. They are made up of collagen that are proteinous in nature.
Deafness is a _____ along with ADHD. comorbidity dual-disease syndrome discrepancy disease psychopathological syndrome
Answer:
The correct option is A) comorbidity
Explanation:
In the field of medicine, comorbidity can be described as a term which is used for disorders which show more than one disorders along with a primary disorder.
For example, ADHD is a attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in which a person experiences a number of conditions such as problems in attention, the ability to sit still, and self-control. the same case goes with deafness. Although the primary effect of deafness is the lack of the ability to hear but certain other factors such as posture and balance are affected by it.
Deafness is a comorbidity along with ADHD, where comorbidity signifies having more than one diagnosed disorder. ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention and impulsivity, and individuals can have additional disorders like depression or OCD.
Deafness is a comorbidity along with ADHD. Comorbidity refers to an individual who has two or more diagnoses, which can include a combination of substance abuse and various psychiatric disorders such as depression, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia. In the context of ADHD, which is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulty maintaining attention and controlling impulses, comorbidity may involve secondary disorders such as depression or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
Hearing loss, or deafness, is the partial or complete inability to hear and can be comorbid with ADHD. Comorbidity does not imply a dual-disease syndrome, discrepancy disease, or psychopathological syndrome specifically but denotes the co-occurrence of multiple disorders in the same individual.
In peas, the trait for tall plants is dominant (T) and the trait for short plants is recessive (t). The trait for yellow seeds is dominant (Y) and the trait for green seeds is recessive (y). A cross between two plants results in 292 tall yellow plants and 103 short green plants. Which of the following are most likely to be the genotypes of the parents?
- TyYY x Ttyy
- TTYy x TTYy
- TTyy x TTYy
- TtYy x TtYy
Answer:
Option D, TtYy x TtYy
Explanation:
Given
Tall plant trait (T) is dominant over short plant trait (t)
Trait for yellow seeds (Y) is dominant over traits for green seeds (y)
Total of [tex]292[/tex] plants are tall & yellow while [tex]103[/tex] plants are short and green
Thus, % of plants short and green is equal to
[tex]\frac{103}{103+292} * 100\\\\26[/tex]%
Nearly one fourth of the plants are having homologous recessive trait
Thus, the possible genotype of parent would be TtYy x TtYy as only in this the homologous recessive alleles can pair up.
Option D is correct
Answer:
The correct answer is option- TtYy x TtYy.
Explanation:
In this dihybrid cross the pea plant have dominant alleles are tall - T and yellow - Y while the recessive alleles are Short - t and green - y. The dominant traits masks the plants recessive character if present together.
To get offspring with tall and green plants should have at least one allele of T and Y and for the short green they must have sets of alleles ttyy in both. In the given option the first option one of the parent lack one of the character of size of pea plant. In the second option and third option there is no allele for short plants.
Thus, the correct answer is - TtYy x TtYy
True or false? The last ice age produced many different species mainly because populations dispersed and colonized new habitats.
Answer:
False. The species emerged during ice age were due to vicariance events.
Explanation:
There are different types of speciation. Allopatric speciation consists of the geographic separation of a continuous genetic background so that it can give place to two or more new geographically isolated populations. These separations might be due to migration, extinction of geographically intermediate populations, or geological events. In this speciation, some barriers impede genetic interchange, or genetic flux, as the two new populations that are separated can not get together and mate anymore. These barriers might be geographical or ecological.
When a geographical barrier emerges, this is known as a vicariant event. Vicariance is the geographical separation of a population imposed by discontinuities in the physical environment that divides populations that were originally continuous. The process of vicariant allopatric speciation involves different steps:
The emergence of the barrier. There is a spacial separation that divides the different populations in an area. These separations might be due to migration, tectonic plate, glaciation, among others. In the case of the ice age, the barriers were the glacial formation and retraction of the sea and ocean water. Interruption in the genetic interchange. The occurrence of new mutations and their accumulation in time in each population. Slow and gradual differentiation. Genetic divergence by natural selection and reproductive isolation, which makes it impossible for the two groups to mate even if the barrier disappears. Prezigotic isolation mechanisms favored by selection once it occurs a secondary contact between the new species in formation.Glaciation is one of the most important drivers of speciation and production of different phylogeographic structures by vicariance. Glacials originate isolated gene-pools that accumulate differences that end in reproductive isolation.
True, the last Ice Age led to speciation as populations dispersed to new habitats due to changing environmental factors and thus evolved into new species over time.
Explanation:True, the last Ice Age did produce many different species, a process known as speciation. This occurred mainly because populations dispersed and colonized new habitats, leading to reproductive isolation and hence evolution of new species.
When populations of the same species get isolated due to changes in geography or climate (such as during an Ice Age), they start evolving independently because of differences in environmental factors. Over time, these differences accumulate and the isolated populations diverge into distinct species, each adapted to its own environment.
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Considering the inputs and products of each process, why is cellular respiration considered the reciprocal process to photosynthesis?
Answer:
In photosynthesis the six molecules of carbon dioxide and water are converted into a molecule of glucose and oxygen is evolved in this process.
6CO2 + 6H2O + energy(sunlight) → C6H12O6 + 6O2
In cellular respiration, the glucose molecule in the presence of oxygen is converted into six molecules of CO2 and H2O
C2H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
So in cellular respirate the producet of photosynthesis which is glucose is converted back into substrate of photosynthesis therefore it is considered as reciprocal of photosynthesis.
Archaeal flagella __________. a. rotate as bacterial flagella do b. do not contain a filament c. grow by the addition of subunits at the tip d. are powered by the flow of hydrogen ions across the membrane
Answer:
Option a. rotate as bacterial flagella do is correct.
Explanation:
The Archaeal flagella is a hair-like long appendage formed of flagellin protein which is attached by a hook. This rotating structure with switches propels the cell through a liquid medium.
____________ called controls, known samples, and knowns, these control samples are fully known to the forensic community with respect to composition, identification, source, and type. Examples of control samples include known combustible substances used for arson cases, known drug samples for suspected illegal drug samples, known blood types in violent crime investigations, and known DNA types for trace evidence cases.
Explanation:
Control samples are a kind of forensic samples which is used to confirm analyses to obtain results which are reliable.It plays an important role in assurance procedures as well as quality control. If there is no control samples, then scientific results will produce false positives results. The results which appear true but in reality it is false. If there is no control samples then false negative results may also obtained. The results which appear false but in reality it is true.You would like to know whether the progeny of a pair of mated fruit flies are distributed among the resulting four phenotypic classes in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. You perform a chi-square test and obtain a p value of 0.04. Assuming you have done the test correctly, select the best interpretation of this result?
A. The phenotypic ratio is actually 9:3:3:1
B. Approximately 4% of the offspring lie outside the range of values expected for a 1:1:1:1 ratio.
C. The differences between the observed and expected counts are too large to be attributed to chance.
D. The traits being studied are on separate chromosomes.
Answer:
C. The differences between the observed and expected counts are too large to be attributed to chance.
Explanation:
The p-value of the statistic represents the chance that the observed count is based on luck or chance. When p value too high, the research can't be used since the chance that its not represent real condition are too high. Most researchers use 5% (0.05) as the cutoff of something called statistically significant. In this research, the p-value is 0.04 or 4%, so it is statistically significant.
Who is the theorist who linked intelligence and school success in constructing an intelligence test that continues to provide reasonable indicators of a student's ability to be successful in school?
Answer: I want to believe the question is asking for the psychologist that linked intelligence and school success. The name of the psychologist is Alfred Binet.
Explanation: Alfred Binet was a French psychologist alongside Theodore Simon developed a test (Binet-Simon intelligence scale) to measure the intellectual skills of French schoolchildren in 1904. Binet equated intelligence with common sense and he defined it as the faculty of adapting to a particular situation. The Binet-Simon test focused on memory and attention and it was developed in other to help identify French schoolchildren with learning disabilities.
The test was later revised by psychologist Lewis Terman and became known as the Stanford-Binet
The ____ protein is embedded in the membrane of Agrobacterium and senses the presence of acetosyringone from the wounded plant cell. (In your answer include the full name of the protein: for example ChvX or VirX, instead of the X protein.)
Answer:
The _VirA_ protein is embedded in the membrane of Agrobacterium and senses the presence of acetosyringone from the wounded plant cell.
Explanation:
VirA is a protein histidine kinase which detects certain phenolic compounds and sugars. Wounded plants areas are typically contains these compounds. This site is a potential infection site for Agrobacterium tumefaciens as a result VirA is used by Agrobacterium tumefaciens to locate it and cause damage.
When an insect touches the bristles on the lobes of a Venus flytrap, the lobes close quickly, engulfing the insect. The movement of the insect inside the lobes causes the flytrap to secrete digestive enzymes that kill the insect. Which type of relationship does this describe?
A.) Competition
B.) Parasitism
C.) Predation
D.) Commensalism
Answer: Option C. Predation
Explanation:
The predation type of relationship consists of the interactions between two species and their consequent effects on each other. In the predator prey relationship, one species is feeding on the other species. The prey species is the animal being fed on, and the predator is the animal being fed.
The flytrap is an example of a predator because, it secrete digestive enzymes that kills the insect. The insect is an example of a prey because, the insect was engulfed by the flytrap.
Final answer:
The relationship between a Venus flytrap and the insects it captures and digests is known as predation, where the flytrap is the predator and the insect is its prey.
Explanation:
When an insect touches the trigger hairs inside the lobes of a Venus flytrap, it initiates a thigmonastic movement, causing the lobes to close quickly and trap the insect. The struggling of the insect prompts the Venus flytrap to release digestive enzymes which eventually kill and digest the insect. The type of relationship this activity represents is predation, where one organism, the predator (Venus flytrap), kills and eats the other, the prey (insect).
Clouds usually form on the windward side because this is where air a. rises and cools. b. rises and warms. c. sinks and cools. d. sinks and warms.
Answer:
a. rises and cools.
Explanation:
The windward side of any mountain or an island, is the side where the prevailing wind, which carries moisture laden air, faces the mountain or island, thereby causing the wind to rise. This side of the mountain or island where the prevailing wind rises is the cold part where clouds are formed as the prevailing rising wind cools. This clouds later result into rain. The windward side is the cooler and wetter side of a mountain or island.
What is the symbolism behind Melinda finding the growing seed inside the apple during biology class?
Answer:
The seed symbolizes happiness and innocence..... it reminds her of better days when Melinda's family was happy.
Explanation:
The symbolism behind Melinda finding the growing seed inside the apple during biology class shows what her family previously had: love and time for one and another.
It could also symbolize achievements at something David has not or give her memory when love was still blooming in her family.
What is the main explanation for the difference in basal metabolic rates between males and females of the same body weight?
Answer:
Male have higher teststerone
Explanation:
Basal metabolic rate is the calories required by a person at rest. This energy is used endothermically by body in maintaining variuos mechanisms such as breathing, blood circulation and liver functioning. More a person is active more will be the energy requirement.
Males have higher basal metabolic rate than females because of higher concentration of testosterone. Testosterone helps in building muscle. More the muscles a person have more will be his basal metabolic rate.
While females have less testosterone and higher proportion of fat cell in body and thus have lower metabolic rate.
The difference in basal metabolic rates between males and females is primarily due to variations in muscle mass and body fat percentage, with men generally having a higher BMR due to larger muscle mass.
Explanation:The main explanation for the difference in basal metabolic rates (BMR) between males and females of the same body weight lies in the differences in body composition and metabolic processes. Men typically have a greater muscle mass and a lower body fat percentage than women.
Since muscle tissue has a higher metabolic activity compared to fat tissue, men usually exhibit a higher BMR.
This difference is also reflected in age-related changes, where females experience a more rapid decline in BMR between the ages of 5 and 17 than males.
Furthermore, weight influences BMR, as a heavier weight, specifically more muscle mass, is associated with a higher BMR. For example, the metabolic rate of obese women is approximately 25 percent higher than that of their thinner counterparts.
Factors such as genetics, diet, and physical activity level also play a role in determining an individual's BMR and can be adjusted to modify one's metabolic rate and muscle mass. However, it's important to note that genetic predisposition to a naturally low metabolic rate can make weight management challenging for some individuals.
Keira is giving birth and is attempting to pass the placenta. She is in the ________ stage of birth.
Answer:
The correct answer is- third stage
Explanation:
Labor is divided into three stages first stage, second stage, and third stage. The first stage starts when a contraction starts which dilates the cervix and it ends when the cervix gets fully open.
In the second stage, the baby is pushed by the mother through the birth canal. It ends with the delivery of the baby. After the baby is born the third stage starts and the third stage ends with the separation of the placenta from the uterine wall and safely passed out through the vagina. Therefore the right answer is the third stage.
Explain what Montesquieu means when he writes"every man invested with power is apt to abuse it, and to carry his authority as far as it will go?"Do you agree or disagree?Why?
Answer:
Montesquieu said that "every man invested with power is apt to abuse it, and to carry his authority as far as it will go". Agree with this statement.
Explanation:
In the book, "The Spirits of the Law", Montesquieu wrote that powers of a government should be divided between three: legislative, executive and judiciary. This separation is important to make sure that a single group of individuals are not given too much of a power. This would ensure that power is not abused.
He said that history has proved that political power has always been abused by a person who has it in abundance. So, to promote political liberty he thought it is important that there are separate branches of powers in a government.
So, Montesquieu made such a system with checks and balances so that no man uses law to do things he shouldn't do and also he refrains from doing what he is allowed to do.
Dr. Martin has just asked a potential client to talk about herself. As she responds, the doctors next question is based on some interesting point the client made. There are few constraints on the conversation. Dr martin has just conducted an
Answer:
Unstructured interview was conducted by Dr. Martin.
Explanation:
In unstructured interview the person asks questions randomly, because they are not properly arranged. In other words, these questions are not in a direction but comes randomly.
For example: Dr. Martin asked question to her about herself and when she answered to him then within her answer he took the point and asked question about that point she answered in previous question.
The A and B antigens in humans may be found in water-soluble form in secretions, including saliva, of some individuals (Se/Se and Se/se) but not in others (se/se). The population thus contains "secretors" and "nonsecretors."...... In matings between individuals that are blood type AB and type O, both of whom are Se/se, which of the following phenotypes will be seen?
A) AB,secretor
B) AB, nonsecretor
C) B, secretor
D) B, Nonsecretor
E) A, secretor
F) A, nonsecretor
G) O, secretor
H) O, Nonsecretor
Answer:
C) B, secretor
D) B, Nonsecretor
E) A, secretor
F) A, nonsecretor
Explanation:
When you cross AB(codominant) with O(homozygote recessive), it will result in 50% A(IaIo) and 50% B(IaIo).
The secretor gene is dominant and both parents are a heterozygote, so the ratio of offspring genotype should be 1 : 2: 1 while the ratio of the phenotype will be 3 secretors: 1 nonsecretor.
The possible phenotype will be:
B nonsecretor
A secretor
A nonsecretor
B secretor
B nonsecretor
When individuals with Se/se (secretor) alleles and blood types AB and O mate, their offspring could exhibit the following phenotypes: A, Secretor (E); B, Secretor (C); and O, Secretor (G). This happens because the parents have at least one allele that allows them to be secretors, which will be passed on to the offspring.
Explanation:The ABO blood group system is defined by the presence or absence of antigens A and/or B on the red blood cells. The presence of these specific antigens makes a person's blood type A, B, AB, or O. In this scenario, an individual with blood type AB has both the A and B antigens, while an individual with blood type O has neither antigen. The Se indicator denotes a 'secretor' or a person who can secrete their ABO antigens in their saliva and other body fluids.
Now, when an AB individual (Se/se) mates with an O individual (Se/se), their child can be born with blood type A, B, or O. As both parents are Se/se, meaning they have at least one allele for secretor status, all of their offspring will inherit at least one secretor allele, making them secretors, irrespective of their blood type. Therefore, the following phenotypes can indeed occur: A, Secretor (E); B, Secretor (C); and O, Secretor (G).
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"Using careful experimental design, Blehert and colleagues proved definitively that the fungus Geomyces destructans is the cause of white nose syndrome."
The experiment conducted, support or rejects the hypothesis. Blehert and colleagues have supported their hypothesis which was proven correct.
The experiment they proved that is true through careful experimental design that proves the fungus Geomyces destructions is the cause of 'white-nose syndrome'.
What are Geomyces Destructants?Geomyces destructions is the fungus found in colder regions of the US and Canada. This fungus causes a fatal disease named 'White-nose syndrome' in bats.
White-nose syndrome is a devastating disease that affects hibernating bats, resulting in the death of millions of bats.
Thus, the experimental design that proved to show the fungus Geomyces destructants is the cause of 'white-nose syndrome'.
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