Answer:
liquidity risk
Explanation:
Liquidity risk refers to the risk associated with not being able to fulfill short term debts and obligations. Liquid assets are those assets that can be easily converted to cash, e.g. T-bills, publicly traded stocks.
Illiquid assets are those that cannot be easily converted to cash, e.g. real estate property. It doesn't mean that they are a bad investment, but if the company needs cash fast, they need to look somewhere else.
Rhonda Miller wants to take out a 4 year loan to purchase a car. What type of computation would she use to calculate her monthly payments?A. Present value of a single amountB. Future value of a single amountC. Simple interestD. Present value of an annuityE. Future value of an annuity
Answer: Option D is correct.
Rhonda Miller wants to assess how much using loan finance will cost in todays value. There are also finance lease facility available to fund the asset which means Rhonda must opt to the better option to save maximum. Calculating Present Value of annuity is the suitable option which helps in understanding how much this source of finance cost opposed to the use of finance lease.
Final answer:
Rhonda Miller would use the Present value of an annuity computation to calculate her monthly payments for a 4 year car loan, which takes into account the interest rate and time value of money.
Explanation:
Rhonda Miller wants to calculate her monthly payments for a 4 year car loan. The type of computation she would use for this is the Present value of an annuity. An annuity is a series of fixed payments made over a period of time, and the present value of an annuity calculation helps to determine the current value of those future payments when considering the time value of money and interest rates. For example, if Rhonda knows the amount of the loan, the interest rate, and the number of payment periods, she can use the present value of an annuity formula:
PV = Pmt x ((1 - (1 + r)^-n) / r)
Where PV is the present value, Pmt is the payment per period, r is the interest rate per period, and n is the total number of periods. By using this computation, Rhonda will be able to determine her monthly payments for the car loan.
n 2007, an unseasonably dry spring led to a sharp decline in the quantity harvested of black morels, a wild mushroom found throughout the upper Midwest. Due to the scant harvest, the price of black morels rose from $9 per pound to nearly $45 per pound. In 2008, slightly aboveminusnormal rainfall levels led to a large black morel harvest. Assuming that the demand for black morels did not change from 2007 to 2008, we would expect the 2008 black morel supply to ________ and the equilibrium price of black morels to
Answer:
Increase; fall
Explanation:
Due to the slightly above normal rainfall levels which led to a large black morel harvest, the supply of the commodity will increase.
However, since demand for the commodity is expected to remain the same as it was in 2007 despite the increase in supply, the equilibrium price is expected to fall as supply exceeds demand.
In an underwritten arrangement, the investment banker assures the company that is issuing new securities that the entire issue will be sold, which means the investment banker bears significant risks in such an offering.True / False.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Underwritten agreement is a contract between an underwriter and issue of shares.
The firm commitment contract is where the underwriter assures the issuer the shares will be sold at an agreed price. This is safest for the issuer as the underwriter bears the risk of selling all the shares.
Underwritten agreement states the price, settlement date, and initial resale price.
When Maria, the keynote speaker at a major business leaders' conference, arrived in the middle of the night at the Ritz-Carlton, she was exhausted and her suit was wrinkled from her 10-hour plane trip. The night clerk found someone to dry clean Maria's suit and have it ready for her morning presentation. She has been a loyal Ritz-Carlton customer ever since. In this example, Ritz-Carlton demonstrated the macro strategy of
Answer:
customer excellence
Explanation:
The night clerk is not in charge of looking for dry cleaners, he is not Maria's personal assistant nor does he own or operate a dry cleaning service. So the fact that he did more than his job requires him to do, exemplifies how Ritz-Carlton's employees are committed to providing excellent customer service. That small extra effort can really make a difference.
Coercive Acts Committees of Correspondence direct tax Indirect tax A. colonial extralegal shadow governments that convened to coordinate plans of resistance against the British B. Set of 4--passed by Lord North to punish Massachusetts for destroying the tea and refusing to pay for the damage C. imposed on businesses rather than directly on consumers D. consumers pay to an entity rather than through merchants' higher prices 4 points
Answer:
I believe that two different questions have been mixed into one:
Coercive acts:
B) Set of 4 ACTS passed by Lord North to punish Massachusetts for destroying the tea and refusing to pay for the damage: THEY INCLUDED ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE ACT, MASSACHUSETTS GOVERNMENT ACT, PORT BILL AND THE QUARTERING ACTCommittees of Correspondence:
A) colonial extralegal shadow governments that convened to coordinate plans of resistance against the BritishExplanation:
Massachusetts was the only colony that elected their own leaders since its charter allowed them more freedom than any other colony. After the Boston Tea Party, the British parliament decided to punish Massachusetts by sending their own governor and establishes severe penalties and laws. In a practical sense, the governor only ruled in Boston because the British were there, but the rest of Massachusetts remained extremely pro-independence and basically ruled itself as it had before.
Jim is CEO for a company that produces filing cabinets and office furniture. He uses when determining that in order to increase production by 20% next year, the company will need to hire 10 new employees.
Answer:
planning
Explanation:
Based on the information provided within the question it can be said that in this scenario Jim is using the function of planning in order to determine this. The planning management function focuses on thinking ahead in order to set things into motion so that everything functions accordingly and efficiently in the future. Which is what Jim is doing by stating that in order to increase the production by 20% like they need, they have to hire 10 new employees.
In an effort to make better and more efficient purchase decisions, the Ford Motor Co. includes various people, depending on the purchase situation. Individuals may include key personnel from various departments, including research and development, finance, marketing, shipping, and sales. This is a description of Ford's________________________
Answer:
Buying Center.
Explanation:
A Buying Center is a group if individuals within an organization that are responsible for making purchase decisions.
The Buying Center is also called the Decision Making Unit (DMU), and it includes personnel from various departments.
Doris's Fashions has just signed a $2.2 million contract. The contract calls for a payment of $0.6 million today, $0.8 million one year from today, and $0.8 million two years from today. What is this contract worth today if the firm can earn 8.2 percent on its money
Answer:
$2.02 million
Explanation:
We need to calculate the present value of Doris's contract given the following three cash flows:
Year 0 $0.6 million
Year 1 $0.8 million
Year 2 $0.8 million
interest rate = 8.2%
present value (in million) = $0.06 + ($0.8 / 1.082) + ($0.8 / 1.082²) = $0.6 + $0.74 + $0.68 = $2.02 million
*present value formula = future value / (1 + r)ⁿ
The contract worth today is $2.02 million.
Calculation of the today worth of the contract:We know that
present value formula = future value / (1 + r)ⁿ
So,
= $0.06 + ($0.8 / 1.082) + ($0.8 / 1.082²)
= $0.6 + $0.74 + $0.68
= $2.02 million
hence, we can conclude that The contract worth today is $2.02 million.
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Firms that practice value-based marketing typically use a process known as ______, which includes a set of strategies, programs, and systems that focus on building loyalty among the firm's most valued customers.
Answer:
customer relationship management
Explanation:
Companies that successfully implement customer relationship management (CRM) should be able to customize the services and products that they offer to their customers. The company should be able to develop a good relationship with its customers and increase the exchange of information and feedback. This can help the company provide customized services that better satisfy the needs and wants of its customers.
The account title used for recording a written promise that a customer will pay the business a fixed amount of money and interest by a certain date in the future is ________.A.Notes PayableB.Prepaid NoteC.Notes ReceivableD.Accounts Receivable
Answer:
A.Notes Payable
Explanation:
Notes Payable refers to a liability wherein a party signs a promissory note or an agreement in writing, agreeing to pay a certain amount of money coupled with interest on a certain future date.
A note payable specifies details such as the amount of money to be paid, the rate of interest applicable, maturity date, signature of the issuer etc.
The journal entry for issuing notes payable when an amount is payable to a supplier would be;
Accounts Payable Dr
To Notes Payable A/C
(Being notes payable recorded)
A period cost ________. a. is always expensed in the period in which it is incurred and NEVER becomes part of an inventory accountb. is the cost incurred by manufacturers to produce their products or incurred by merchandisers to purchase their products c. is a cost that can be traced to the cost object d. includes the cost of all resources used throughout the value chain Unselected I DON'T KNOW YET
Answer:
a. is always expensed in the period in which it is incurred and NEVER becomes part of an inventory account
Explanation:
Period cost is the cost that is incurred at the time passes. It also includes the major parts of the selling and administrative section of the income statement whether variable or fixed and it is neither capitalized also.
The examples of period cost is advertising expenses, delivery trucks depreciation, etc
So, it is never becomes part of an inventory account
A thirty-year U.S. Treasury bond has a 4.0 percent interest rate. In contrast, a ten-year Treasury bond has an interest rate of 3.7 percent. If inflation is expected to average 1.5 percentage points over both the next ten years and thirty years, determine the maturity risk premium for the thirty-year bond over the ten-year bond.
Answer:
The answer is 0.3%
Explanation:
nominal risk free rate for 10 years = 3.7 + 1.5 = 5.2
nominal risk free rate for 30 years = 4.0 + 1.5 = 5.5
Therefore maturity risk premium is 5.5 - 5.2 = 0.3%
The maturity risk premium for the thirty-year bond over the ten-year bond is computed by subtracting the real risk-free rates of the two bonds, which results in 0.3%
Explanation:The maturity risk premium for the thirty-year bond over the ten-year bond can be calculated by subtracting the real risk-free rate from the interest rate of the bond. The real risk-free rate is essentially the interest rate adjusted for potential inflation over a given period.
Firstly, we need to figure out the real risk-free rate for both bonds. Inflation is expected to average 1.5 percent over the next thirty years and ten years. Therefore, the real risk-free rate for the thirty-year bond = 4.0% - 1.5% = 2.5%. Similarly, the real risk-free rate for the ten-year bond = 3.7% - 1.5% = 2.2%.
Next, the maturity risk premium would be obtained by subtracting the real risk-free rate of the ten-year bond from that of the thirty-year bond. As a result, the maturity risk premium of the thirty-year bond over the ten-year bond is 2.5% - 2.2% = 0.3%.
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Mark is refinishing an antique china cabinet and has already spent $180 on the restoration. He expects to be able to sell the cabinet for $360. Mark discovers that he needs to do an additional $200 of work to make the cabinet worth $360 to potential buyers. He could also sell the cabinet now, without completing the additional work, for $100. What should he do?
Answer:
He should complete the additional work and sell the cabinet for $360.
Explanation:
This is because if he is to sell for $100 without completing the additional work, he will be making a loss of $80, having spent $180.
But on completion of the additional work, he would have spent a total of $380, therefore, if he sells the cabinet for $360, he will only be making a loss of $20.
Therefore, the better option is to complete the additional work and sell for $360.
When Apple Inc. contracts with companies outside the United States to manufacture its products, citing their workers’ flexibility and skills, it is adopting stance toward the global labor market. True or false?
Answer: The answer is definitely True
If quantity of tea is measured on the horizontal axis and quantity of coffee is measured on the vertical axis, an increase in the price of coffee will cause the budget constraint to: A. pivot rightward (pivot out) along the horizontal axis. B. pivot leftward (pivot in) along the vertical axis. C. pivot leftward (pivot in) along the horizontal axis. D. pivot rightward (pivot out) along the vertical axis.
Answer:
A. pivot rightward (pivot out) along the horizontal axis
Explanation:
Tea and coffee represent substitute goods. If price of a good increases, this causes an increase in quantity demanded of it's substitute.
In the given case, quantity demanded of tea is measured on horizontal axis while quantity demanded of coffee is measured on vertical axis. The budget constraint for tea and coffee shows different combinations of quantity of tea and coffee demanded within a fixed expenditure.
When price of coffee increases, within the same budget constraint, the quantity demanded of tea shall rise.
This would lead to the budget constraint to pivot rightward (pivot out) along the horizontal axis.
A person with a FICO score of 780 applies for a loan and gets an interest rate of 5% with a monthly payment of $439. A second person, with a FICO score of 550 applies for the same loan and gets a rate of 22% with a monthly payment of $511. What is the monthly savings for the person with the highest credit score?
Answer:
C. $72
Explanation:
Answer: 72
Explanation:
Although the merger between Gray Enterprises and Horack Manufacturing is expected to be a "win-win" that will increase both companies' market share and save jobs, employees are fearful because they don't know what to expect. Which technique would be most useful in overcoming their resistance to change?
Answer:
Facilitation and support
Explanation:
Facilitation and support is a technique used by managers when trying to make employees feel at ease about a certain change as a result of adjustments made the higher authority. It is also used in circumstances where people of different backgrounds, abilities and interests are to work together.
In facilitation and support of employees, the manager puts the employees into groups to work together and also support them by offering help to them along the line, whenever it is needed. This helps to remove or eliminate any uneasiness that employees might harbor towards the change during the period of transitioning like in the question.
I hope this helps.
Many people who want to start investing for their future want to start today, which implies an annuity stream that is paid at the beginning of the period. Beginning-of-period cash flows are referred to as:_______.
a. ordinary annuities.
b. annuities due.
c. perpetuities.
d. present values.
Answer:
b. annuities due
Explanation:
Annuities due -
It refers to the amount which need to be paid at the regular interval of time , just before the beginning of the new phase , is referred to as annuities due .
The most common example of annuities due is rent , which need to be paid after every month in the starting .
Hence , from the given information of the question ,
The correct option is annuities due.
If, as Johnny's income decreases, his demand for Upper T dash shirts increases, then for Johnny, Upper T dash shirts are _______.
a. an inferior good
b. a complement
c. a substitute
d. a normal good
Answer:
a. an inferior good
Explanation:
An inferior good is a good whose demand increases when income decreases and falls when income rises.
A normal good gas a positive relationship with income. Its demand increases when income rises and falls when income falls.
A substitute good is a good that can be used in place of another good.
A complement is a good that is demanded for together.
I hope my answer helps you
Explain what is meant by a good being "excludable." Explain what is meant by a good being "rival in consumption."
Answer:
If you can prevent a nonpaying consumer from having access to a good or service, that good is excludable. For example, only clients that buy a ticket can enter a movie theater and watch the movie.
A good or service that can be consumed by only one consumer (or a specific number of consumers) is rival in consumption because other people cannot consume them simultaneously. For example, once the movie theater sold out, no more people can get inside and watch the movie.
Final answer:
Excludable goods such as private education or cell phone service, can exclude non-payers, while rivalrous goods like a slice of pizza cannot be enjoyed by more than one person at a time. In contrast, public goods are both nonexcludable and non-rival, creating the free rider problem but commonly managed by government and social measures.
Explanation:
Excludable goods are those where access can be limited or denied. An example is when private companies provide primary education and are able to exclude those who do not pay from receiving the education. Another illustration of an excludable good is cell phone service, where companies can prevent people who do not pay from using the service.
Goods that are rival in consumption are those where one person's use of the good prevents another person from using the same good at the same time. A common example of a rivalrous good is a slice of pizza, because two people cannot consume the exact same slice simultaneously. This characteristic is typical for private goods.
A public good, in contrast, is characterized by being nonexcludable and non-rival. This means that it is not feasible to exclude individuals from the use of the good, and one person's use does not diminish the ability for others to use it as well. Examples include national defense, public parks, and street lighting. The free rider problem occurs when individuals consume a public good without contributing to its cost, which is a challenge in effectively providing public goods. Sources of public goods often include government actions, social pressures, and unique situations where markets find methods to ensure payment.
Sinbad Cola, a soft drink manufacturer, opened a plant in Buron. The waste from the plant was released into the Buron Sea, which was situated a mile away from the plant. Releasing the wastes into the sea resulted in water pollution and groundwater contamination. The water pollution in turn negatively affected Buron's fishing business. Sinbad Cola compensated for this by bringing the contamination levels down with additional filters and paying for the damages to the local fisheries. Which theory of business social responsibility did Sinbad Cola comply with when it compensated for its harmful waste disposal methods?A) moral minimum
B) stakeholder interest
C) corporate citizenship
D) maximizing profits
Answer: (A) Moral minimum
Explanation:
The moral minimum is the term which refers to the ethical behavior in the business that basically define the principle or the various types of standards which is necessary for the moral conduct.
According to the given question, the Sinbad cola is one of the soft drink manufacturing company and moral minimum is one of the social reputability of the company that comply for the various types of harmful waste.
The moral minimum is one of the type of ethical philosophy that majorly focuses on the various types of impact of the decision in the society. Therefore, Option (A) is correct answer.
As the sales manager at Audio Equipment Corp., Simone makes the best use of the limited resources available to her in order to achieve her company's sales goals. Which aspect of management is Simon practicing?a. Groupthink
b. Ambiguity
c. Efficiency
d. Responsiveness
Answer:
C.Efficiency
Explanation:
Efficiency is one the three e's of value for money concept.
Aside efficiency.there are two others i.e Effectiveness and Economy.
Effectiveness is achieving optimum results possible from a given course of action.
Economy is ensuring that the least amount is spent in achieving the results.
Efficiency is about making sure the that outcome of high quality even though there were constraints in terms of budget and time.
All of the following are measures of GDP except the total: a. income from all production in the economy. b. expenditures on all final goods and services produced. c. expenditures of all businesses in the economy. d. value of all final production.
Answer:
c. expenditures of all businesses in the economy.
Explanation:
GDP is the sum of all final goods and services produced in an economy within a given period which is usually a year.
GDP can be calculated in 3 ways:
1. Expenditure approach : consumption spending + Investment spending + Government Spending + Net Export
expenditures of all businesses in the economy is used in the calculation of GDP using the expenditure approach.
2. Income approach: it is the sum of all income from all production in the economy.
3. Value added approach: it is sum of the value of all final production.
I hope my answer helps you
What is the difference in the future value of $100 at 7 percent interest for 5 years if the interest is compounded semiannually rather than annually?
Answer:
0.80
Explanation:
Compounded interest annually[tex]I=P[(1+r)^n-1]\\I=100[(1+0.07)^5-1]\\\\I=100[1.40255173-1]\\I=100[.40255173]\\I=40.255173[/tex]
Compounded interest Semiannually[tex]I=P[(1+r)^n-1]\\I=100[(1+0.035)^{10}-1]\\\\I=100[1.41059876-1]\\I=100[.41059876]\\I=41.059876[/tex]
Difference between interest = 41.059876 - 40.255173
Difference between interest = 0.804703
While Steve is cleaning out his garage, he finds an old surfboard that he no longer needs. As he walks to the dumpster to throw it out, his neighbor John asks if he could have it. John offers Steve a 6-pack of beer (worth $10) in exchange, which Steve happily accepts. Steve has achieved a producer surplus of:_______
a) $50, because that's what the surfboard was likely worth.
b) $o, since he was just going to throw out the board
c) $5, because Steve and John benefited equally from the $10 transaction.
d) $10, the value of the beer he received
Answer:
b) $0, since he was just going to throw out the board
Explanation:
Producer surplus would have applied if the old surfboard that he no longer needs was produced by him.
Producer surplus measures the benefit to sellers of participating in a market. It is measured as the amount a seller is paid minus the cost of production. For an individual sale, producer surplus is measured as the difference between the market price and the cost of production, as shown on the supply curve.
There is a difference between profit and Producer Surplus which is the fixed cost of production.
In conclusion Steve benefited $10 but that cannot be called a producer surplus.
The production plant for Ace Manufacturing has been located in the same place for over 100 years. It has just completed its new factory, which includes its new corporate offices. The planning required for moving Ace into a new facility is a single-use plan. (True/False)
TRUE OR FALSE
Answer:
True
Explanation:
A single use plan is basically a one time business transaction that is supposed to take place only once and should not be repeated in the future. In this case, the production plant has been used for more than 100 years, but once it is sold, its history and the company should no longer have any type of relationship with it.
Chandler Sporting Goods produces baseball and football equipment and lines of clothing. This year the company had cash and marketable securities worth $335,485, accounts payables worth $1,159,357, inventory of $1,651,599, accounts receivables of $1,488,121, short-term notes payable worth $313,663, and other current assets of $121,427. What is the company's net working capital?
Answer:
The company's net working capital is $2123612
Explanation:
Working Capital
Current Assets:
Cash & marketable securities worth $335,485
Inventory of $1,651,599
Accounts receivables $1,488,121
Other current assets $121,427
Total Current Asset $3,596,632
Less:
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable worth $1,159,357
Short-term notes payable worth $313,663
Total Current Liabilities $1,473,020
Net Working Capital $2,123,612
Final answer:
Chandler Sporting Goods' net working capital is calculated by subtracting the total current liabilities ($1,473,020) from the total current assets ($3,596,632), resulting in a net working capital of $2,123,612.
Explanation:
To calculate Chandler Sporting Goods' net working capital, we need to first identify the company's current assets and current liabilities:
Current Assets include cash and marketable securities ($335,485), inventory ($1,651,599), accounts receivables ($1,488,121), and other current assets ($121,427).Current Liabilities include accounts payables ($1,159,357) and short-term notes payable ($313,663).Next, we calculate the totals for current assets and current liabilities:
Total Current Assets = $335,485 (cash) + $1,651,599 (inventory) + $1,488,121 (receivables) + $121,427 (other assets) = $3,596,632Total Current Liabilities = $1,159,357 (payables) + $313,663 (notes payable) = $1,473,020Finally, we determine the net working capital by subtracting the total current liabilities from the total current assets:
Net Working Capital = Total Current Assets - Total Current Liabilities
Net Working Capital = $3,596,632 - $1,473,020 = $2,123,612.
The company's net working capital is $2,123,612, indicating the funds available in the short term to finance ongoing operations and invest in new opportunities.
After completing the closing entries for Revenues and Expenses, the Income Summary account has a credit balance of $1,500. The journal entry to close out the $1,500 credit balance of Income Summary would be:_______.
Answer:
Debit Credit
Income Summary $1,500
Retained Earning $1,500
Credit Balance of income Summary account will be closed by a debit entry in this account. Transfer the balance to retained earning by credit entry to this account.
Final answer:
To close out a $1,500 credit balance in Income Summary, you would debit Income Summary and credit Retained Earnings or Owner's Equity for $1,500.
Explanation:
After completing the closing entries for Revenues and Expenses, if the Income Summary account has a credit balance of $1,500, the journal entry to close out this balance would be to debit the Income Summary account and credit the Retained Earnings account (for a corporation) or the Owner's Equity account (for a sole proprietorship) by the same amount. This action transfers the net income, or loss if the balance were a debit, into the appropriate equity account.
The journal entry would look like this:
Debit Income Summary $1,500
Credit Retained Earnings/Owner's Equity $1,500
Clear Colors Corporation uses a predetermined overhead rate based on direct labor costs to apply manufacturing overhead to jobs. At the beginning of the year the Corporation estimated its total manufacturing overhead cost at $350,000 and its direct labor costs at $200,000. The actual overhead cost incurred during the year was $362,000 and the actual direct labor costs incurred on jobs during the year was $208,000. The manufacturing overhead for the year would be:a. $12,000 underapplied
b. $2,000 overapplied
c. $12,000 overapplied
d. $2,000 underapplied
Answer:
b. $ 2,000 overapplied
Explanation:
Firstly, we need to determine the predetermined overhead rate based on direct labor costs.
Estimated total manufacturing Overhead $ 350,000
Estimated direct labour costs $ 200,000
Predetermined overhead rate $ 350,000 / $ 200,000 $ 1.75 per $ of direct labour costs.
The total manufacturing overhead applied on direct labor costs of $ 208,000, is:
$ 208,000 * $ 1.75 $ 364,000
Actual overhead costs incurred $ 362,000
Manufacturing overhead over applied $ 2,000
Final answer:
The correct answer is b. $2,000 overapplied. Clear Colors Corporation had a predetermined overhead rate of 175%, resulting in $364,000 of overhead being applied based on the actual direct labor costs of $208,000, while the actual overhead cost was $362,000.
Explanation:
Clear Colors Corporation calculates the predetermined overhead rate by dividing the estimated total manufacturing overhead cost by the estimated direct labor costs. For the current year, they estimated their overhead cost at $350,000 and direct labor costs to be $200,000, which gives us a predetermined overhead rate of 175% (350,000 / 200,000).
During the year, the actual direct labor costs were $208,000. To find the applied overhead, we multiply the actual direct labor costs by the predetermined overhead rate: $208,000 × 175% = $364,000. This is the amount of overhead that should be applied to the jobs based on the actual direct labor costs.
The actual overhead costs incurred were $362,000. Comparing this to the applied overhead ($364,000), we see that overhead was overapplied by $2,000 because the company applied more overhead to the jobs than the actual costs incurred.
Therefore, the correct answer to the question is b. $2,000 overapplied.
A multiple-step income statement is thought to be more beneficial to financial users because of the revelation of important relationships. Which of the following is not separately identified on a multiple-step income statement?
A. Gross profit
B. Net income
C. Income taxes
D. Total costs and expenses
Answer:
D. Total costs and expenses
Explanation:
As we know that
The income statement reports the total revenues earned and the total expenses incurred for a particular period.
In the case of the multi-step income statement, the gross profit, net income, income tax expense has a separately identified rather show it as total cost and expenses. It shows the various expenses like - selling and administrative expenses, cost of goods sold, etc