Organizational obligations are the same as personal ethical obligations Group of answer choices True False

Answer:

Value of the stock in four years: $22.69

Explanation:

We use the gordon model  to sovle for the intrinsic value (fair value) of the share according to their future cash flow:

[tex]\frac{divends_1}{return-growth} = Intrinsic \: Value[/tex]

the formula uses next year dividends so we need to calcualte:

2.70 x 1.024 = 2,7648‬

Now we can solve for the value of the stock:

g = 0.024

r = 0.158

[tex]\frac{2.7648}{0.158-0.024} = Intrinsic \: Value[/tex]

Present Value = 20.63283582

That is the value of the stock today.

Now we apply the grow factor for the next four year:

[tex]Principal \: (1+ r)^{time} = Amount[/tex]

Principal 20.63283582

time 4.00

rate 0.02400

[tex]20.6328358208955 \: (1+ 0.024)^{4} = Amount[/tex]

Amount 22.69

Answer: Life cycle assessment

Explanation: Life cycle assessment is the systematic analysis of environmental impacts of products from design stage through end-of-life, raw materials and energy inputs to its disposal with the ultimate goal to reduce environmental impact. It is concerned with every stage of the life-cycle (from raw material extraction, processing of raw materials, production, distribution, usage and disposal) of a product, process, or service.

Answer:

A. Attempt to see things from the audience's perspective.

Explanation: Proofreading is the process of ensuring that a document is void of major errors,in proofreading,the person involved is trying to read from the perspective of audience to ensure that the document meets certain criteria as stated if it is an academic project or research to be submitting or if it's a Novel or an article, effective proofreading will help to guarantee that the audience will find it Acceptable.

Final answer:

To revise and proofread a document effectively, one must adopt the audience's perspective, be open to feedback, and vet the writing through multiple revisions for both major structural changes and detailed proofreading.

Explanation:

To effectively revise and proofread a document, it is crucial to adopt the audience's perspective to better understand how your writing will be received. This approach involves several stages, starting with a substantial revision to see the big picture, which includes reorganizing and refining ideas and arguments to better suit the document’s purpose and reader's expectations. After taking a break to gain fresh eyes, engage a series of revisions, where each pass focuses progressively on fine-tuning the language, style, and accuracy of the text.

One key method for gaining perspective is to employ a checklist that centers on the audience's view of your work, allowing you to diagnose issues that may not be immediately apparent. Moreover, being open to feedback from others can offer invaluable insights that may not emerge in isolation. Importantly, revisions should go beyond mere editing to encompass substantive changes that improve the overall coherence and effectiveness of the document.

The revision process is not simply about finding new ways to rephrase words but about enhancing the entire document to ensure clarity, coherence, logical flow, and the fulfillment of the assignment’s objectives. In addition to self-review, seeking unbiased feedback and being open to constructive criticism can lead to significant improvements before finalizing the document.

Remember that effectively revising and proofreading are about refining both the global aspects of the document and the minutiae, ultimately resulting in a polished and comprehensible piece of writing that resonates with the intended audience.

Answer:

$60,030.54

Explanation:

In this question, we use the FV formula that is presented in the spreadsheet.

The NPER shows the time period.

Given that,  

Present value = $0

PMT = Monthly payments = $5,000

NPER = 10

Rate of interest = 4%

The formula is presented below:

= -FV(Rate;NPER;PMT;PV;type)

So, after solving this, the future value is $60,030.54

Answer:

The correct answer is letter "A": standardization.

Explanation:

Bureaucracy refers to a system in which hierarchy is well-defined within an organization. They follow a centralized, top-down approach in making decisions being the lower layers the most affected since the transmission of information tends to be slow. Bureaucracies aim to provide a standard method of working for every organizational activity.

Answer: A. Standardization

Explanation: Bureaucracy in different terms can be understood as government by bureaus (administrative units) or their administrators or officers. In business and the organizational theory, it is a system of administration based upon organisation into bureaus, division of labour, a hierarchy of authority, etc., designed to dispose of a large body of work in a routine manner. As such it is quite centered around structured around hierarchy, standardization, and specialization. Standardization as key component of bureaucracies indicates they're characterised by excessive red tape and routine all in a bid to comply (or evaluate by comparing) with a standard. In this, theoretically bureaucracies improve efficiency while ensuring equal opportunities (which is always not the case).

Answer:

a. Productive; Allocative

Explanation:

At full production capacity, all of the choices (no matter the trade-off) are productive by all means. However, the choice of a particular economy regarding the pinpoint on the production possibility frontier is representing allocative efficiency. One of the crucial tasks of economics is to efficiently allocate the resources in order to achieve full production capacity.

Answer:

$1,300,000

Explanation:

The movement in a fixed asset account is usually based on; depreciation, additions to asset, disposal, write offs and transfers from Capital work in progress.

Given

Opening fixed asset balance = $2.2 million

Net fixed asset -ending = 2.6 million

Depreciation = $900,000

The net capital spending consisting of disposals and acquisition of assets be x

Then

2,200,000 + x - 900,000 = 2,600,000

x = 900,000 + 2,600,000 - 2,200,000

x = $1,300,000

The amount of the net capital spending for 2011 is $1,300,000.

Answer:

A. The allowance method matches losses with related sales better than the direct write-off method.

Explanation:

Credit losses refers to those losses which arise as a consequence of an enterprise extending credit to it's customers. This is in the form of default by customers upon payment, termed as bad debts losses.

Under the allowance method, a percentage of sales which is estimated as non recoverable is provided for as Bad debts for the current period and recorded via an adjusting entry at the end of accounting period.

It represents a provision created against debtors as doubtful debts. This is an estimation. Later when such bad debts are confirmed, following journal entry is passed:

Allowance for Bad and doubtful debts                        Dr.

      To Accounts Receivables

(Being loss on account of bad debts recorded)

Under direct write off method, bad debts losses are directly written off as and when they occur and no allowance or provision is made in advance against them.

Answer:

The correct answer is: $319.8.

Explanation:

The Annual Percentage Rate or APR is the cost per year of borrowing. By law, all financial institutions must show customers the APR of a loan or credit card, which indicates the real cost of the loan. APR is not compounded. Annual Percentage Yield (APY) is.  

Thus, in the example:

Answer:

The correct answer is "Federal Register"

Explanation:

In the Federal Register we can find the rules of government agencies and public notices.

This is an approach that the government uses so that people have knowledge about new laws and regulations, requirements and guidance of the government. All proposed and approved government regulations are published in the Federal Register. For this reason, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission is based on the Federal Register.

Answer:

longer bonds will be more sensitive to change in interest rate as their cash flow are mor exposed to interest related to short.term bonds. Notice the PV of the maturiry values for each one to notice the greater difference.

3-year bonds     $ 910.16

20-year bonds:  $ 762.85

Explanation:

3-years bonds if rate increase to 16% then:

PV of the coupon payment

[tex]C \times \frac{1-(1+r)^{-time} }{rate} = PV\\[/tex]

C 120.00

time  3

rate      0.16

[tex]120 \times \frac{1-(1+0.16)^{-3} }{0.16} = PV\\[/tex]

PV $269.5067

PV of maturity

[tex]\frac{Maturity}{(1 + rate)^{time} } = PV[/tex]  

Maturity  $1,000.0000

time                       3

rate               0.16000

[tex]\frac{1000}{(1 + 0.16)^{3} } = PV[/tex]  

PV   640.6577

PV c $269.5067

PV m  $640.6577

Total $910.1644

20-years bonds:

[tex]C \times \frac{1-(1+r)^{-time} }{rate} = PV\\[/tex]

C 120.00

time 20

rate 0.16

[tex]120 \times \frac{1-(1+0.16)^{-20} }{0.16} = PV\\[/tex]

PV $711.4609

[tex]\frac{Maturity}{(1 + rate)^{time} } = PV[/tex]  

Maturity  $1,000.0000

time  20.00

rate  0.16000

[tex]\frac{1000}{(1 + 0.16)^{20} } = PV[/tex]  

PV   51.3855

PV c $711.4609

PV m  $51.3855

Total $762.8464

Answer:

The correct answer is letter "C": Is personally liable for partnership debts.

Explanation:

A Partnership is an entity that operates a company with two or more owners. They share the profits in proportion to their relationship benefit in percentage terms. There are two types of partnerships: general partnerships (unlimited liability) and limited partnership (liability according to the percentage contributed to the partnership).

Answer:

Find it below

Explanation:

1. Expense Recognition - Record expenses in the preiod the related revenue is recognized

2. Periodicity - The life of an enterprise can be divided into artificial time periods.

3. Historical cost principle - The original transaction value or cost upon acquistion.

4. Materiality - Concerns the relative size of an item and its effect on decisions

5. Revenue recognition - Criteria usually satisfied for products at point of sale.

6. Going concern assumption - The entity will continue indefinitely

7. Monetary unit assumption - A common denominator is the dollar

8. Economic entity assumption - The enterprise is separate from its owners and other entities.

9. Full-disclosure principle - All information that could affect decisions should be reported

.

Final answer:

The provided list matches accounting concepts, such as the Expense Recognition and the Revenue Recognition, to their definitions, like recording expenses in the period revenue is recognized and criteria usually satisfied at the point of sale, respectively.

Explanation:

The question involves pairing accounting terms with their appropriate descriptions. Here is the correct association between List A and List B:

The principles and assumptions discussed are integral to accounting and provide a framework for financial reporting that ensures consistency and comparability across different entities.

The long-run aggregate supply curve "shows prices, wages, and interest rates to be inflexible".

Answer: Option C

Explanation:

The long-run aggregate supply graph is vertical, reflecting the views of economists that show variations in aggregate demand only affect the overall performance of the economy briefly. Only capital, labor, and technology influence cumulative output in the long run, because it is believed that everything in the economy is efficiently utilized.

If the output things influence in quantity, the long-run aggregate supply curve can change. While the short-run aggregate supply curve is influenced by the cost of production including subsidies, labor wages, taxation and production prices.

Answer:

The purpose of a debt service fund is to pay back long term debt issued to finance a specific government project alongside with the principal and interest accrued to it.

Part B: Yes

Explanation:

A debt service fund require budgeting because with budgeting, payments of debts are easily managed and it also ensures fund availability as at the moment it is needed.

Answer:

The adjustment is:

Debit Unrealized Loss Account with $4,000

Credit Trading Debt Fair Value Adjustment Account with $4,000.

Explanation:

Held for trading assets are form of investment that an entity holds for the purpose of selling them within a short term period. The changes in these investments are recognized in the statement of comprehensive income for the period and are taken to fair value adjustment account.

The accounting entries to pass for each event are listed below:

Increase in market value: Debit the asset fair value adjustment account

                                          Credit the unrealized gain account.

Decrease in market value: Credit the asset fair value adjustment account

                                          : Debit the unrealized loss account.

In the case of Littlefield industries, there was a loss of $4,000 ( $200,000 - $196,000). So the fair value adjustment account will be credited with $4,000 to bring the investment value down to $196,000 and a corresponding debit entry will be recognized as unrealized loss and transfer to income statement for the year.

Answer: In managing a political risk, the first thing to do is to go on a research, to determine the type of political risk that is likely to occurs in the country or state, and the level of influence this risk has on your business. If the risk is manageable, then investment can start, but before start, you should get a political risk insurance certificate, from a national insurance body or an international insurance body. If at a time the risk becomes higher, that it is likely to affect the production of my profit. The business will be incorporated with a government owned business. So as to sustain the business profit, because no Government will want to establish any law that will have big negative effect upon its own business. If the high risk is as a result of the host community, then the business should be incorporated with the community, so that their will see a sense of belonging to the business.

Explanation:

The political risk found in managing any business are the influences government policies have on that business, this includes taxes,spending,regulation,currency valuation,trade tariffs, minimum wage and environmental regulation.

Answer:

a. The payback period for project A=3.44 years, and the payback period for project B=2.21 years.

b. Net present value for project A=$78,560.951, and the Net present value for project B=$11,694.239

c. IRR  for Project A= 16.57% and IRR for Project B=25.72%

d. Probability index (P.I) for Project A=1.187 and the Probability index (P.I) for Project B=1.316

e. The final decision should be based on the NPV since it doesn't have the ranking problem that is usually associated with other capital budgeting techniques. I would choose Project A since it has a higher Net Present Value (NPV) as compared to Project B.

Explanation:

                   PROJECT A                 PROJECT B

Year            Cash flow                     Cash flow

0.                 $419,000                      $37,000

1.                  $47,000                       $19,800

2.                 $59,000                       $13,900

3.                 $76,000                        $15,600

4.                 $534,000                      $12,400

a.

The payback period for Project A can be determined as follows;

The cash flows at Year 0 represent the initial investment to the project. The payback period is the number of years it will take until the return on the project is equal to the initial investment. This can be calculated as shown;

419,000-(47,000+59,000+76,000)

=419,000-182,000=$237,000

After 3 years, the total cash flow will be=$182,000 which is still $237,000 less from the initial investment. Determine the number of months in the fourth year that it will take to cover the remainder;

(237,000/534,000)=0.44 years

Total number of years=3+0.44=3.44 years

The payback period for project A=3.44 years

The payback period for Project B can be determined as follows;

37,000-(19,800+13,900)

=37,000-33,700=$3,300

After 2 years, the total cash flow will be=$33,700 which is still $3,300 less from the initial investment. Determine the number of months in the third year that it will take to cover the remainder;

(3,300/15,600)=0.21 years

Total number of years=2+0.21=2.21 years

The payback period for project B=2.21 years

b.

Net present value for project A is;

NPV=-419,000+{47,000/(1+0.11)}+{59,000/((1+0.11)^2)}+{76,000/((1+0.11)^3)}+534,000/((1+0.11)^4)=-419,000+(42,342.342+47,885.724+55,570.545+351,762.340=$42,378,560.61

Net present value for project A=$78,560.951

Net present value for project B is;

NPV=-37,000+{19,800/(1+0.11)}+{13,900/((1+0.11)^2)}+{15,600/((1+0.11)^3)}+12,400/((1+0.11)^4)=-37,000+(17,837.837+11,281.552+11,406.586+8,168.264=$11,694.239

Net present value for project B=$11,694.239

c.

The IRR for each project A is:

$419,000 = $47,000 / (1 + IRR) + $59,000 / (1 + IRR)^2 + $76,000 / (1 + IRR)^3 + $534,000 / (1 + IRR)^4

Using a spreadsheet, financial calculator, or trial and error to find the root of the equation, we find that:

IRR = 16.57%

The IRR for each project B is:

$37,000 = $19,800 / (1 + IRR) + $13,900 / (1 + IRR)^2 + $15,600 / (1 + IRR)^3 + $12,400 / (1 + IRR)^4

Using a spreadsheet, financial calculator, or trial and error to find the root of the equation, we find that:

IRR = 25.72%

d.

Probability index (P.I) for Project A;

P.I=[{47,000/(1+0.11)}+{59,000/((1+0.11)^2)}+{76,000/((1+0.11)^3)}+534,000/((1+0.11)^4)]/419,000=(42,342.342+47,885.724+55,570.545+351,762.340=1.187

The Probability index (P.I) for Project A=1.187

Probability index (P.I) for Project B;

[{19,800/(1+0.11)}+{13,900/((1+0.11)^2)}+{15,600/((1+0.11)^3)}+12,400/((1+0.11)^4)]/37,000=(17,837.837+11,281.552+11,406.586+8,168.264=1.316

The Probability index (P.I) for Project B=1.316

e.

The final decision should be based on the NPV since it doesn't have the ranking problem that is usually associated with other capital budgeting techniques. I would choose Project A since it has a higher Net Present Value (NPV) as compared to Project B.

This question involves the calculation of financial terms including payback period, NPV, IRR, and profitability index to evaluate and compare two projects. The project which offers the shortest payback period, the highest NPV, IRR, and profitability index should be chosen.

To answer this question, we first need to make some calculations. Each of the terms used (payback period, NPV, IRR, profitability index) represents a different method of assessing the profitability or feasibility of a project.

Payback period is simply the amount of time it takes for an investment to generate enough cash flows to recover the initial investment. To calculate this, you need to add up the cash flows until the initial investment is recovered.

To calculate the NPV (Net Present Value), you need the cash inflows from each period, the initial investment (cash outflow), and the required rate of return. The NPV is calculated by subtracting the present value of cash outflows (initial investment) from the present value of cash inflows.

Calculating the IRR (Internal Rate of Return) requires a rather complex equation (an iterative process or financial calculator/Excel's IRR function is used). The IRR is the discount rate when the NPV of the project is zero. The Profitability Index (PI) refers to the ratio of the present value of future cash flows and the initial investment cost. A PI greater than 1 indicates a good project, and a PI of less than 1 indicates a bad project.

Depending on the results of these calculations, you would choose the project that displays a shorter payback period, higher NPV, higher IRR, and higher PI.

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Answer:

Company C's expected cash flow is $2,400,000

Explanation:

Costs other than depreciation of Company C = 75% x $12,000,000 = $9,000,000

Income before tax = Sales - Costs other than depreciation - Depreciation expense = $12,000,000 - $9,000,000 - $1,500,000 = $1,500,000

The company's federal plus state tax rate is 40%,

Tax = $1,500,000 x 40% = $600,000

Company C's expected cash flow = Sales - Costs other than depreciation - Tax = $12,000,000 - $9,000,000 - $600,000 = $2,400,000

Note: Depreciation is a non-cash accounting expense, so it doesn't involve cash flow

Answer:

Dividend Per Each Share = $0.85  per share

Explanation:

given data

common stock outstanding = 41,000 shares

preferred stock outstanding = 5,000 shares

common stock =​ $6.00 par​ value

preferred stock  4% noncumulative = $100.00 par value

total dividend payment = $55,000

solution

we get here Total Preferential Divided that is

Total Preferential Divided = Shares × Face Value × 4%     ........1

Total Preferential Divided = 100 × 5000 × 4%

Total Preferential Divided = 20000

so as that Total Equity Dividend is

Total Equity Dividend = Total Dividend - Total Equity Dividend  .............2

Total Equity Dividend = $55,000 - 20000

Total Equity Dividend = 35000

so Dividend Per Each Share will be

Dividend Per Each Share = [tex]\frac{Equity\ Dividend}{Total\ Equity\ Shares}[/tex]   ..............3

Dividend Per Each Share = [tex]\frac{35000}{41000}[/tex]

Dividend Per Each Share = $0.85  per share

Answer:

$233,677,865.61

Explanation:

The computation of the present value of this liability is given below:

As we know that

Future value = Present value ×  (1 + rate)^number of years

So,

Present value = Future value ÷ (1 + rate)^number of years

                       = $568,000,000 ÷ (1 + 6.1%)^15

                       = $568,000,000 ÷ 2.430696628

                       = $233,677,865.61

Answer:

a. the advertisements wasted money and time because they were not targeted properly

Explanation:

The advertisement is not well targeted, with the increased unemployment in this region and the fact that the major source of economic wealth ( the beer manufacturer) has been bought and relocated, means the economy is not well profiled for the luxury cars that are advertised.

The company should first of all do it's research to gauge how well profiled the residents of the economy is to their products.

Ideally the target if the advertisement should be a thriving economy where there is excess cash to purchase luxury goods.

The car dealership missed segmenting the market appropriately and identifying the need its business addressed. By running mass marketing TV advertisements without targeting the specific needs and preferences of the audience in the region hit hard by the recession, the dealership wasted money and time.

The car dealership missed segmenting the market appropriately and identifying the need its business addressed. By running mass marketing TV advertisements without targeting the specific needs and preferences of the audience in the region hit hard by the recession, the dealership wasted money and time.

Instead of focusing on high-end luxury vehicles, the dealership could have focused on offering affordable options, addressing the need for reliable transportation in a time of rampant unemployment. By understanding the economic circumstances of the target market and adapting their marketing strategy accordingly, the dealership could have been more effective in reaching potential customers.

Segmenting the market would have involved identifying specific groups within the region, such as budget-conscious consumers or individuals looking for fuel-efficient cars. Tailoring advertisements and promotions to these segments would have increased the chances of attracting customers who were more likely to consider purchasing a car despite the recession.

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Answer:

The annuity will be $40916.60

Explanation:

Future value of land = Present value of land*(1 + rate)^n

Annuity = Future value of land*rate/(1 - 1/(1 + rate)^t)

             = $95,000*1.14^8*14%/(1 - 1/1.14^20)

             = $40916.55871562

Therefore, The annuity will be $40916.60

After investing $95,000 in land that increases in value by 14% annually for 8 years, the value of the land would be about $248,003.58. This is then turned into a 20-year annuity, generating an annual payment of approximately $3,546.67.

Morgan Jennings, a geography professor, first invests $95,000 in a parcel of land that is expected to increase in value by 14 percent per year for the next eight years. We use compound interest formula to calculate the future value of this investment: A = P*(1 + r/n)^(nt), where P is principal amount ($95,000), r is annual interest rate (14%, or 0.14), t is time the money is invested for (8 years), and n is number of times interest applied per time period (assumed to be 1 here).

After eight years, the value of the land would be $95,000 * (1 + 0.14)^8 = $248,003.58 approximately.

Next, Jennings will turn this into a 20-year annuity. The annuity payment can be found using the annuity formula: PVA = PMT * [(1 - (1 + r)^-t) / r], where PVA is present value of annuity ($248,003.58), PMT is annuity payment, r is annual interest rate (14%, or 0.14), and t is number of periods (20 years).

After rearranging, PMT = PVA * r / [(1 - (1 + r)^-t)], we get PMT = $248,003.58 * 0.14 / [(1 - (1 + 0.14)^-20)] = $3,546.67 approximately.



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Answer:

Binding

$100

200

200

Shortage

Explanation:

A price ceiling is when the government or an agency of the government sets the maximum price for a good.

A price ceiling is binding when the price ceiling is below the equilibrium price.

To find the equilibrium price, equate qs to qd because at equilibrium, quantity supplied is equal to quantity demanded.

2P = 300 - P

3P = 300

P = 100

Equilibrium price is $100.

$100 > $90. Therefore, price ceiling is binding.

To find quantity supplied, plug in the value of P into the equation for quantity supplied

QS = 2(100) = 200

To find quantity demanded, plug in the value of P into the equation for quantity demanded

QD = 300 - 100 = 200

when price is below equilibrium price, quantity demanded increases while the quantity supplied decreases. This leads to a shortage.

I hope my answer helps you

Given the supply and demand curves, when the government imposes a price ceiling of $90, it is binding. At this price, the quantity supplied is 180, the quantity demanded is 210, therefore resulting in a shortage.

The market condition is described by the supply curve QS = 2P, and the demand curve QD = 300−P. A price ceiling is a maximum price set by a government above which the market price cannot rise. Given a price ceiling of $90, first, let's see if it is binding or non-binding. The equilibrium price is found where the quantity demanded equals the quantity supplied, if you equate these two: 2P = 300-P, solving this you find P = 100. This is the price without government intervention. Since the price ceiling is below this price (90 < 100), we can say that the price ceiling is binding.

At the price ceiling of $90, the quantity supplied can be computed by substituting the value into the supply equation: QS = 2P => QS = 2 * 90 = 180, and the quantity demanded by substituting into the demand equation: QD = 300−P => QD = 300 - 90 = 210. Therefore, a price ceiling of $90 will result in a shortage as the quantity demanded (210) is more than the quantity supplied (180).

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Answer:

The bonds were sold at $1,000 to yield as the market rate at the time.

Explanation:

To determinate the value of the bonds we divide the annual cash received on the coupon payment against the market rate at the time:

The formula for the value of a perpetuity is as  follows:

[tex]\frac{C}{r} =Value[/tex]

60 / 0.06 = 1,000

Answer:

Sole proprietorship.

Explanation:

The best property choice for Fred's business would be a sole proprietorship.

This corresponds to a popular commercial form due to the simplicity of business operations, ease of implementation and relatively low cost.

In the sole proprietorship, a single owner will be able to register the name of his business (which can be the name of the owner or a fictitious name) and obtain the necessary licenses for the start of operations. It is an easy way to start a new business without the greatest risks found in some type of business partnership, since in exclusive ownership, the business responsibilities are solely of the owner, including gains and losses.

Answer:

The correct answer is letter "B": industry-wide differentiation.

Explanation:

Industry-wide differentiation is a technique used by companies when they diversify their line of goods to reach unexplored sectors of the market and increase their chances of collecting higher revenue. Normally, this practice is carried out by large entities with enough funds for investment and covering risks.

Answer:

67,860 WAFERS

Explanation:

The question is to determine the number of wafers the cooling tube holds on average when in production?

First, what is the rate of wafers that are produced per second during the production process = 87 wafers

Secondly, we determine the entire time it takes a  batch of wafers (in seconds) to completely pass through the cooling tube as follows

=Time to pass through x 60 seconds (to convert the minutes to seconds)

= 13 Minutes x 60 seconds = 780 Seconds

Finally, we determine the number of wafers the cooling tube can hold as follows:

The number of seconds it takes to pass through the cooling tube x the number of wafers produced per second

= 780 seconds x 87 wafers

= 67,860 Wafers.

The cooling tube therefore holds on average 67,860 WAFERS when it is in production.

To find out how many wafers the cooling tube holds on average when in production, multiply the rate of production per second (87 wafers) by the total seconds the wafers spend in the tube (780 seconds), which equals 67,860 wafers.

The first step in figuring out how many wafers are in the cooling tube on average when in production is to find out how many seconds are in the amount of time that the wafers are in the tube. There are 13 minutes in the cooling tube, which we can convert to seconds by multiplying by 60 because there are 60 seconds in a minute. Thus, 13 * 60 = 780 seconds.

The company produces wafers at the rate of 87 per second. So, to find out the number of wafers in the cooling tube on average while in production, multiply this rate by the number of seconds the wafers spend in the tube. Therefore, 87 * 780 = 67,860. So on average, the cooling tube holds 67,860 wafers when in production.

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Answer:A

Explanation:

A regressive tax is a tax impose in such a manner that the tax rate decreases as the amount subject to taxation increases.

Hard qualitative criteria

Explanation:

The qualitative requirements in marketing begin with a quick-term target, in which the qualitative standards: architecture, online distribution platforms, customer satisfaction and e-loyalty are also included.

Briefly, the process of gathering large amounts of data by polls, surveys and voting techniques relates to quantitative market research. Qualitative market research, alternatively, involves trying to determine customer motivation through close analysis ––typically in a tiny group or face-to-face encounter.

Final answer:

The most appropriate categorization for business market segmentation based on customer attributes is 'hard qualitative criteria' as it involves measurable customer characteristics that can support distinct grouping and differential pricing mechanisms.

Explanation:

Bases of business or organizational market segmentation that center on customer attributes generally involve qualitative data. However, when these bases allow for the distinct grouping of customers and support differential pricing or self-selection mechanisms, they might better be described using quantitative or semi-quantitative criteria. Within the question's context, the closest answer choice is hard qualitative criteria. This categorization typically involves identifiable and measureable customer characteristics such as geography, lifestyle, family life cycle, and perceived benefits. The economic bases criterion as mentioned in economic base analysis employs quantitative methods like the location quotient for market analyses, which leans more toward precise numerical data rather than qualitative attributes. Hence, the firmest alignment with the question would be with option (b) hard qualitative criteria, which allows for segmentation based on distinguishable customer attributes.