Answer:
Black color absorb more light that other color.
Explanation:
Photosynthesis is the process in which leaves absorb solar energy and use it to convert CO2 and H2O into chemical energy called glucose(food).
As photosynthesis is dependent on the sunlight energy therefore it has been suggested to scientists that they should genetically engineer a plant to have black leaves as black color absorbs more sunlight than any other color. Black color absorb all the wavelength of sunlight and it does not reflect any.
So more light absorbance capability of black color should be the reason behind this idea.
Part A Nitrifying bacteria convert _____ to _____. Nitrifying bacteria convert _____ to _____. nitrogen gas ... ammonium nitrogen gas ... nitrates ammonium ... nitrites nitrates ... nitrogen gas ammonium ... nitrogen gas
Answer:
ammonium ... nitrites
Explanation:
All living organisms including plants require certain nutrients to sustain their growth. Plants get most of their nutrients from the soil that anchors them. However, some of these nutrients like nitrogen are found in a fixed state and needs to be converted to usable forms. Nitrogen is a key component of living cells as it is used to build certain structures e.g protein, DNA etc. in the cell.
Certain groups of bacteria called NITRIFYING BACTERIA which are capable of using energy from chemical compounds to form organic molecules. They are important aerobic microbes that play a significant role in Agriculture, as in the process of them obtaining nutrients, they help convert ammonium in the soil into nitrites (fixed nitrogen). Groups of nitrifying bacteria that perform this initial task include: Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus etc. Other nitrifying bacteria from another genus-Nitrobacter, converts the nitrite into the most usable form by plants (nitrates).
How many degrees of freedom should be used when looking up the critical value for a chi-square analysis of the ratios of phenotypes observed among the F2 offspring versus the expected phenotypic ratio assuming independent assortment?
Answer:
3
Explanation:
The total number of degree of freedom in a chi-square analysis is given by following equation
[tex]D_f= N-1[/tex]
Where "N" represents the total number of sample or total number of classes of offspring in a cross.
For instance, in a monohybrid cross, the total number of classes of offspring in this cross is two, thus degree of freedom is one. However, in a dihybrid class the total number of classes of offspring in this cross in F1 generation is four, thus degree of freedom is three.
In F2 generation, the total number of class of offspring still remains four in number irrespective of number of individuals in each class. Thus, in F2 generation too the number of degree of freedom in chi square Analysis will remain 3
The maximum quantity of free values that are rational in the set of data is called the degree of freedom.
The number of degrees that should be used for chi-square analysis is three.
This can be explained as:
The number of degrees of freedom is given as:[tex]\text{D}_\text{f} =\text{N -1}[/tex]
In the above equation, N represents the total sample or the offspring classes in a cross.
In the case of a monohybrid cross the total offspring class is two so the degree of freedom will be:[tex]\text{D}_\text{f} =\text{2 - 1} = 1[/tex]
In the case of a dihybrid cross, the F1 generation has four numbers, therefore,[tex]\text{D}_\text{f} =\text{4 - 1} = 3[/tex]
The degree of freedom will be three.
Even in the F2 generation, the quantity of the class remains the same and hence the degree of freedom will be three.
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what is the term used to describe the intake of a vitamin or mineral that greatly exceeds the recommended amounts?
Answer:
The term for vitamins intake is calles vitaminosis or Hypervitaminosis. There is not coined name for the excess of minerals, but it toxic, like iron, cooper, among others.
Explanation:
Considering the Mendelian traits tall (D) versus dwarf (d) and violet (W) versus white (w), consider the crosses below and determine the genotypes of the parental plants by analyzing the phenotypes of the offspring.
Answer:
Explanation:for a mendelian cross between a Talk(D) and a dwarf individual (d)
DD×dd= Dd Dd Dd Dd
The offspring will be heterozygote all loci i.e all the offspring will be tall this is because one of the parents carries a dominant gene for tallness and the other parent carries a recessive gene for tallness.
This may not follow for the progeny's offspring as segregation will occur at the 2nd filial generation.
The same principle applies for violet and white, progeny will be heterozygous at all loci i.e violet color
Which of the following statements is an accurate combination of postulates 3 and 4 of natural selection? a. Individuals experience uniform success in their ability to survive or reproduce. b. Individuals experience no success in their ability to survive or reproduce. c. Individuals experience differential success in their ability to survive or reproduce due to differences in certain traits. d. Individuals experience unlimited success in their ability to survive or reproduce.
Answer:
c. Individuals experience differential success in their ability to survive or reproduce due to differences in certain traits.
Explanation:
Natural selection works on a population when genetic variations are present in its members. Some genetic traits make the organisms better adapted to the prevailing surroundings. These individuals survive more and reproduce more successfully due to the presence of specific genetic traits. Over the generations, the proportion of the beneficial genetic trait increases due to the increased reproductive success of these individuals. This is called natural selection. On the other hand, the individuals that lack these traits survive and reproduce less.
The statements which is an accurate combination of postulates 3 and 4 of natural selection is C. Individuals experience differential success in their ability to survive or reproduce due to differences in certain traits.
Postulates 3 and 4 of natural selection indicate that offspring with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to a greater proportion of these individuals in subsequent generations.
Natural selection operates on the principle that individuals with advantageous traits have a higher likelihood of surviving to adulthood and producing more offspring, which further spreads these beneficial traits throughout the population.
For example, if a population of beetles has variations in color, and the darker beetles are less visible to predators, these beetles will survive longer and have more progeny. Over time, the population will have more dark-colored beetles as this trait offers a survival advantage.
There are two different alleles for flower color, P and p. The image shows a white sweet pea that is labeled with its two alleles for petal color.
A white sweet pea is labeled p p.
What can you surmise from the labeled image?
A.The genotype is heterozygous.
B.White petal color is a recessive trait.
C.White petal color is a dominant trait.
D.The phenotype is heterozygous.
Answer:
the white petal color is a recessive trait
im positive thats the answer bc i remember doing this lol :)
Answer:
There are two different alleles for flower color, P and p. The image shows a white sweet pea that is labeled with its two alleles for petal color.
A white sweet pea is labeled p p.
What can you surmise from the labeled image?
The genotype is heterozygous.
White petal color is a recessive trait. **
White petal color is a dominant trait.
The phenotype is heterozygous.
Explanation:
Prior to the elucidation of the genetic code, prominent scientists, including Francis Crick, had predicted that each mRNA codon, coding for one of the 20 amino acids, needed to be at least three nucleotides long. Why is it not possible for codons to be any shorter?
Answer:
The genetic code may be defined as the triplet code of the nucleotides that codes for the particular amino acids. This genetic code is heritable in nature and mutation is these code can cause disease.
The codons cannot be shorter because the least three nucleotides only allows the combination of the 64 possible that contain 4 different nucleotides. These nucleotides are possible at the three different position within the codon.
Chemicals in the aid can combine with rain to produce acid rain which is harmful to the environment. Which of these is mostly likely to be the pH or acid rain ?
Answer:
The pH in water that comes from acid rain can reach up to 4, due to its combination with chemicals suspended in the air.
Explanation:
For this problem the options are:
A. 0
B. 4
C.10
D. 14
Normal rainwater typically has a pH of between 5 and 6 (average 5.5), but usually decreases when combined with polluting gases from industries and the use of fossil fuels.
Carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide are the main causes of acid rain, as combined with atmospheric water steam produce acids that are then part of precipitation, whose water has a pH of 4.
In addition:
0 is an extremely acidic pH. 10 and 14 (options C and D) correspond to strong bases.Learn more:
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An investigator carefully isolates plasmid DNA with an alkaline lysis method, which is designed to minimize damage to the plasmid structure. The plasmid contains 4300 bp of DNA. What should the investigator expect to see on an agarose gel?
Answer:
On the agarose gel, primarily four different forms of plasmid DNA is observed which are explained below.
Explanation:
Alkaline Lysis Method is the commonly used biochemical technique for isolating plasmid DNA from bacterial cells.When the isolated plasmid DNA is subjected to electrophoresis on an agarose gel and observed after ethidium bromide staining, it is seen to get separated into four distinct bands sequentially from bottom to top,Circular and single-stranded form which migrates fastest among all.Supercoiled form which migrates after the circular form.Linear form which migrates after the supercoiled form.Nicked circular form which migrates last.The variation in intensity of the bands determines which form of the plasmids is mostly present in the isolated sample.If minimal damage is done to the plasmids, the band of supercoiled form of the plasmid will glow with maximum intensity.Homeostasis is the ability of the body to A) prevent the external environment from changing. B) prevent the internal environment from changing. C) quickly restore changed conditions to normal. D) ignore external stimuli to remain in a state of rest. E) prevent excessive blood loss.
Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes. The body achieves this through mechanisms that restore changed conditions to normal by constantly adjusting certain functions. Examples include regulating body temperature and blood glucose levels.
Explanation:The correct answer to your question about homeostasis is C) quickly restore changed conditions to normal. Homeostasis is the process through which the body maintains a state of equilibrium or stable internal conditions despite changes in the external environment. It functions to ensure consistency within specific parameters for body functions. This dynamic equilibrium is constantly adjusting to changes both internally and externally.
For example, when body temperature rises due to external heat, the body cools itself down through perspiration. On the other hand, if the blood glucose level rises after a meal, the body works to lower it, either by sending the excess glucose to cells that need it or storing it for later use. These are examples of homeostatic mechanisms, which are crucial for the survival and health of an organism.
Through the maintenance of these conditions in a state of dynamic equilibrium, conditions such as body temperature and blood calcium level can be effectively regulated to ensure the smooth functioning of an organism's internal environment.
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Which of the following is a principle of the fluid mosaic model of cell membrane structure? a. Phospholipids consist of a polar head and a nonpolar tail made of three fatty acid chains. b. The lipid bilayer is a solid at body temperature, thus protecting the cell. c. All proteins associated with the cell membrane are contained in a fluid layer on the outside of the cell. d. Phospholipids form a bilayer that is largely impermeable to water-soluble molecules.
The correct principle of the fluid mosaic model of cell membrane structure is that phospholipids form a bilayer which is largely impermeable to water-soluble molecules. The model emphasizes the dynamic, flexible, and varied nature of the cell membrane structure.
Explanation:The
fluid mosaic model
of cell membrane structure is a principal concept in biology. It characterizes the cell membrane as a dynamic, flexible structure that resembles a 'fluid' because of its ability to shift and change shape and position. Its 'mosaic' nature is due to the variety of molecules, such as proteins and phospholipids, embedded within it. In this context, option
d. Phospholipids form a bilayer that is largely impermeable to water-soluble molecules
is the correct principle of the fluid mosaic model. Phospholipids indeed consist of a polar (hydrophilic) head and a nonpolar (hydrophobic) tail, thus forming a lipid bilayer in which the hydrophilic heads face outwards and the hydrophobic tails face inwards. This structure is what makes the cell membrane largely impermeable to water-soluble molecules.
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What source of energy would plants release in catabolic reactions? Would an animal release the same kind of energy?
Answer:
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Animals also release this source of energy.
Explanation:
All living organisms require energy to perform their life functions. This energy is obtained by breaking down organic molecules (usually glucose) in a catabolic reaction called CELLULAR RESPIRATION. These organic molecules store energy in their chemical bonds, this energy in a usable form by the cell (ATP) is released when organisms undergo cellular respiration (catabolism).
Plants likewise animals undergo this catabolic process and the same form of energy (ATP) is released for use via this process.
There are two different alleles for flower color, P and p. The image shows a purple sweet pea that is labeled with its two alleles for petal color.
A purple sweet pea is labeled Upper P Upper P.
Which is the genotype of the sweet pea?
A.heterozygous dominant
B.heterozygous recessive
C.homozygous dominant
D.homozygous recessive
Answer:
c
Explanation:
PP= dominant and homozygous because two same traits
One of your fellow systematists has asked you to help her group organisms into a valid phylogenetic tree. At present, she has grouped species G, H, and K. Which, if any, additional species would you also need to add to ensure the grouping is monophyletic?
Answer and explanation:
Monophyletic species are the species whose lineage belongs to the common recent phylogenetic ancestor. As mentioned in the question, the girl has 3 species namely G, H, and K. Because there is no other criteria given, we assume that the closeness of alphabets would reflect the closeness of species. Thus, G and H are closer relative than K. Therefore, if she adds I, and J species in the list, all of them will be closer relatives and we can say that they are monophyletic now.
The description "students who are in danger of failing to complete their education with a level of skills necessary to survive in a modern technological society" best describes which of the following?a. Low-SES students
b. Cultural minority students
c. Students with ineffective learning styles
d. Students placed at risk
Answer:
c
Explanation:
The best statement for the following condition is students with ineffective learning styles. Hence option c is correct.
What are learning styles?Learning styles are defined as the methods used by various students to learn. A person's preferred method of information intake, processing, comprehension, and retention is referred to as their learning style. The four main learning preferences are kinesthetic, tactile, auditory, and visual. Learning styles can make it simpler to construct, alter, and create curricula and educational programs that are more effective.
Low performance carries a price, as previous research has demonstrated: children who perform poorly in school are more likely to drop out and less likely to find stable, well-paying jobs. However, there is also a social cost: a sizable percentage of underachievers has negative effects on economic development.
Thus, the best statement for the following condition is students with ineffective learning styles. Hence option c is correct.
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In the Galapagos Islands, Darwin noted that there were many physical changes that occurred over generations between the organisms in the mainland and those from the Island. How can isolation of a group result in a new species?
Answer:
Explanation:
The situation given in the question can be an example of "Divergent Evolution" which can be described as the formation of different or new species because of environmental changes or changes in the habitat.
The isolation between the organisms from the mainland and the islands over generations lead to the genetic exchange getting cut off and therefore leads to the evolution of the different species since there is no interaction between them and their environments are also different. This results in new species through adaptation over time.
I hope this answer helps.
Explain how you might be able to tell if your local weather was being affected by global warming.
The summers are more warm as the temperature has increased.
Explanation:
Global warming is caused by the increase in atmospheric or earth's temperature.
The greenhouse effect has been the major cause of global warming.
We know that the earth's temperature would have been so cold to survive, this problem is solved by greenhouse gases.
As the concentration of gases increase the earth's temperature is also increasing.
This increase in temperature of the planet is causing summers with high temperatures, also due to excessive evaporation rainfall is also lessened. The dry air is evaporating more quickly than precipitation or vice-versa sometimes. The water cycle is disturbed and rainfall is nil or flood is there.
There is still some controversy among biologists about whether Neanderthals should be placed within the samespecies as modern humans, or into a separate species of their own. Most DNA sequence data analyzed so farindicate that there was probably little or no gene flow between Neanderthals and Homo sapiens. Which speciesconcept is most applicable in this example?A) phylogeneticB) ecologicalC) morphologicalD) biological
Answer:
Option-D
Explanation:
There are many ways to define a species on the basis of the phylogeny, morphology and biological relationships.
The species according to the biological species concept are the organisms which can interbreed and produce the fertile offsprings but show reproductive isolation from other species.
In the given question, the modern humans and Neanderthals showed no gene flow that is they are not able to reproduce between them or we can say that they were reproductively isolated from each other. Therefore they can be classified according to the biological species concept.
Thus, Option-D is the correct answer.
A geneticist isolates a gene for a specific trait under study She also isolates the corresponding mRNA Upon comparison, the mRNA is found to contain 1,000 fewer bases than the DNA sequence. Did the geneticist isolate the wrong DNA? A) yes, mRNA is made from a DNA template and should be the same length as the gene sequence B) yes, the mRNA should contain more bases than the DNA sequence because bases flanking the gene are also C) no, the final mRNA contains only exons, the introns were D) no, the mRNA was partially degraded after it was removed
Answer:
C) no, the final mRNA contains only exons, the introns were removed
Explanation:
Exons are the coding areas while the introns are non-coding areas. Both of these are the sequences of nucleotide within a gene.
RNA splicing is a process which usually occurs as the RNA matures, causing the removal of introns ( non coding areas of the RNA ) i-e they will not be expressed in the final messenger RNA, while exons continue to form covalent bonds with one another to form a mature mRNA.
So in the given scenario, Upon comparison, the mRNA is found to contain 1,000 fewer bases than the DNA sequence because the introns were removed by RNA splicing.
Hence option C) no, the final mRNA contains only exons, the introns were removed is correct.
In addition to direct invasion of the vascular wall by an infectious agent, what pathogenic mechanism is a common cause of vasculitis?
Answer: Immune-mediated inflammation
Explanation:
The immune mediated inflammation is common cause of vasculitis. In this case there are group of conditions or diseases which lack a definitive etiology.
It is characterized by the common inflammatory pathways which leads to inflammation which results due to triggered immune system.
Vasculitis is the inflammation of the blood vessels which can cause change in the thickening, scarring and weakening of the blood vessel.
In the endocrine system, chemical messengers called _____, which circulate through the _____, communicate information from one part of the body to another.
The chemical messengers in the endocrine system are called hormones, which circulate through the blood to convey information between different parts of the body. They are secreted by glands and influence various biological functions by acting on specific target cells.
Explanation:In the endocrine system, chemical messengers called hormones, which circulate through the blood, communicate information from one part of the body to another. Hormones are produced by glands in our bodies, such as the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands. They are released into the blood which then carries them around the body. Each type of hormone is designed to affect only certain cells, known as target cells, which have the necessary receptor to respond to that particular hormone. This regulation of bodily functions through hormones serves integral roles in our physiology, from growth and development to metabolism and mood regulation.
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In the endocrine system, hormones, which are chemical messengers, circulate through the bloodstream to communicate information from one part of the body to another. Hormones are released by endocrine glands and act on target cells having specific receptors, triggering a specific response and maintaining homeostasis.
Explanation:In the endocrine system, chemical messengers called hormones, circulate through the bloodstream, transmitting information from one part of the body to another. These hormones are released into body fluids, like blood, by certain organs known as endocrine glands and are carried to target cells. These target cells have receptors that recognize and bind these hormones, triggering a specific response. Examples of endocrine glands include the adrenal glands, which produce hormones such as epinephrine and norepinephrine that regulate responses to stress, and the thyroid gland, which produces thyroid hormones that regulate metabolic rates. Thus, hormones play a key role in maintaining homeostasis within the body, enabling coordination and communication between different systems and organs.
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The Sun affects weather in various ways. One obvious effect is that it warms the air. List other effects that you think the Sun has on the weather.
Answer:
Energy from the Sun is very important to the Earth. The Sun warms our planet, heating the surface, the oceans and the atmosphere. Our climate is also strongly affected by the amount of solar radiation received at Earth. That amount changes based on the Earth’s albedo, that is how much radiation is reflected back from the Earth’s surface and clouds.
Explanation:
i hope this helps
the sun affects the weather by directly affecting the climate change and global warming. due to depletion of ozone layer the solar radiation is causing an increased heating effect of the earths surface.
Effect of solar radiation on earths climateThe flow of small, charged, highly energetic particles (known as cosmic rays) that move through the atmosphere toward Earth is similarly affected by solar activity.These particles generate more ions (charged atoms or molecules) from air molecules in the atmosphere, and it's been suggested that these ions could alter cloud formation, resulting in dramatic changes in weather and temperatures below.sun radiation causes green house effect due to depletion of ozone layer the sun radiation is causing an increased heating effect of the earths surface.learn more about Solar radiation here:
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You notice that extended use of the microscope is giving you a headache. Your professor mentions that the headaches may be due to staring into light that is too bright for extended periods of time. What should you do the next time you use a microscope to reduce your chances of another headache?
Answer:
Explanation:
Decrease the amount of light using the iris diaphragm lever.
Which act or regulations protect the arm industry from food emergencies?
A. FIFRA
B. HSPD
C. CERD
D. PACA
Answer:
FIFRA
Explanation:
The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) is a United States federal law that set up the basic U.S. system of pesticide regulation to protect applicators, consumers, and the environment.
The Homeland Security Presidential Directive 12 (HSPD-12) is the directive that was issued for "Policy for a Common Identification Standard for Federal Employees and Contractors".
The Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD) is the body of independent experts that monitors implementation of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination by its State parties.
The Perishable Agricultural Commodities Act (PACA) was enacted at the request of the fruit and vegetable industry to promote fair trade in the industry. PACA ...
inheritance of biological characteristics is determined by individuals units known as genes. In organisms that reproduce sexually, genes are passed from parents to their offspring. In cases in which two or more forms of the gene for a single trait exist, some forms of the gene may be dominant and others may be recessive. In most sexually reproducing organisms, each adult has two copies of each gene one from each parent. These genes are segregated from each other when gametes are formed. The alleles for different genes usually segregated independently of one another
Genes are units that determine biological characteristics of individuals, with variations known as dominant or recessive. They separate or segregate when sexually reproducing organisms reproduce, and different genes usually assort independently.
Explanation:The inheritance of biological characteristics in individuals is indeed determined by units known as genes. In sexually reproducing organisms, each parent contributes one set of genes to their offspring. These genes determine the traits or characteristics of the offspring. If a gene has more than one form, or allele, these variations can be dominant or recessive. Dominant alleles will express their trait even if only one is present. Recessive alleles will only express their trait when two copies are present. The process by which these genes are separated and passed on when organisms reproduce is called segregation. Additionally, different genes tend to assort independently, a principle known as independent assortment.
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The person who introduced vaccination into Europe was Choose one: A. Edward Jenner. B. Robert Koch. C. Mary Montagu. D. Louis Pasteur.
Answer: A. Edward jenner
My Explanation: well known around the world for his innovative contribution to immunization and the ultimate eradication of smallpox.and also another fact is his work is widely regarded as the foundation of immunology.
A client has been admitted in the emergency care unit with conditions of respiratory distress and pneumonia. The client's condition worsens and requires mechanical ventilation. While visiting this client in the hospital, the family observes members of the health care team washing their hands upon entering and leaving the room. By implementing recommended hand hygiene measures, which organization's goals is the health care team supporting
Answer:
Joint Commission National Patient Safety Goals (NPSGs).
Explanation:
Different programs has been introduced by the government to provides health care and services to the people of the nation. The main aim is to provide proper medication to the problem.
Joint Commission National Patient Safety Goals main aim is to reduce the health care infections. The main matters of this organization is related to the safety, public health, welfare and examination in the nursing. This also highlights the patient satisfaction.
Thus, the answer is joint Commission National Patient Safety Goals
The nurse is speaking with the parents of a school-aged child recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus regarding the differences between hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. Which statement by a parent indicates a need for further teaching?
Answer:
They want to teach him because they want him to make his own living by a source...
Explanation:
It is possible that the parents are old and aren't in a condition to support their child. It is also possible that they both have Diabetes Mellitus already that's why their child also has and they couldn't keep up with him. They wanted their child to have proper medication throughout his lifetime so that he can continue his study and make a living by his own means.
Unlike the other senses, humans' sense of _____ is closely related to emotional and social behavior.
When polluters buy, sell, and trade permits with other polluters, this is called a __________. a. polluter-pays system b. cap-and-trade emissions c. trading system subsidy d. revolving-door policy
Answer:
Option B
Explanation:
In the cap and trade emission policy, the government of any country fixes the total amount or quantity of pollution which it can accept as a part of essential manufacturing and other industrial activities. Based on the total quantity, it issue permits to each industry a certain amount of pollution cap which it can release in a year and in case of exceed of the given limit, the polluter will be fined.
This system allows the polluters to exchange their permit benefits among themselves by trading (inclusive of buying and selling)
Hence, option B is correct