Answer:
Endocrine gland.
Explanation:
The endocrine gland makes the hormones in our body, and they are responsible for many functions in the human body such as:
1) Synthesized hormones which help to control our growth & development, mood, reproduction, and organs.
2) This gland contains sensors cells that help to control how hormones are released.
3) Helps to send hormones into the bloodstream so with the help of bloodstream hormones can reach to the other parts of the body.
The process by which cells secrete cellular products into the extracellular environment is ________.
Answer:
Exocytosis.
Hope this helps.
describe the 4 major subtypes of beta lactam antibiotics.
Answer
Better lactam antibiotics are antibiotics used in treatment of of severe infection caused by Bacteria.
Beta lactam antibiotics contain beta lactam ring in their molecular structure.
The major subtypes of Beta lactam antibiotics include : Penicillin, cephalosporins, monobactams and carbapenems.
Explanation:
Penicillin : 1) Bind to Penicillin binding sites (PBS)
2) they are vulnerable to The enzyme penicillinase and other b-lactamase
3 ) Penicillin occurs naturally and can also be synthesized
Cephalosporins : 1) they also bind to Penicillin binding sites too
2) just like penicillin, they are vulnerable to B-LACTAMASE, unlike penicillin, they are not vulnerable to penicillinase
Monobactams:
1) binds only to PBP3 but binds weakly to other BPPs
2) is resistant to B-LACTAMASE but is inactivated by ESBLs (Extended spectrum Beta lactamASE ).
Carbapenems :
1) They bind PBPs of most bacteria
2) they are resistant to most B- Lactamase
A - DNA as the inheritance materials B - RNA as the inheritance materials C - The formation of organic molecules, e.g. nucleic acids, from inorganic precursors
EXPLANATION:
There are 2 types of nucleic acids: DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA(ribonucleic acid).
Living organisms have their genetic material in their DNA. Viruses use RNA as their genetic material but are usually called non-living things( because they can't reproduce without help from a host).
The function of nucleic acids has a progression from DNA to RNA to proteins. This is called the central dogma of molecular biology.
Nucleic acids are formed by a linkage of polynucleotide chains with phosphodiester bonds. These polynucleotide chains are formed from monomers called NUCLEOTIDES.
A nucleotide is made up of 3 parts:
i) a nitrogenous base
ii) a five-carbon sugar
iii) at least one phosphate group.
Answer and Explanation:
DNA as the inheritance materials
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase state the DNA as genetic material. DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the natural substance in humans and all other organisms. Every cell in a person's body contains the same DNA. Chromosomes are made up of nucleic acids and proteins and are called hereditary vehicles. ... DNA (deoxyribose nucleic acid) has been found to contain genetic material in all organisms.
RNA as the inheritance materials
• Wandell Stanley, in 1935 proved RNA as genetic material. RNA in humans does not act as genetic material but plays various other roles such as adapters, enzymes, helps in protein synthesis, etc. RNA functions as a messenger for the information to be transferred. The genetic material of organisms and many viruses is DNA. However, some viruses use an alternative type of nucleic acid, ribonucleic acid (RNA), as genetic material. ... RNA has excellent abilities as a genetic molecule; once has to continue the process of hereditary itself.
Nucleic acids
• First, nucleotide are activated, nucleic acid precursors. As such, they are needed for genome replication and transcription of genetic information into RNA. Second, the adenine nucleotide, ATP, is a universal energy currency. Nucleic acids are formed when nucleotide combine through phosphodiester bonds between 5 'and 3' carbon atoms.
Which is the strip of brain matter near the front of the parietal lobe that is involved in receiving information from the senses?
Answer:
Somatosensory cortex strip
Explanation:
The parietal lobe is the lobe of the brain preset just behind the frontal lobe and is involved in the sensory perception.
The sensory perception in parietal lobe takes place in the somatosensory cortex which receives the signals from the senses.
The somatosensory cortex is organised in a similar spatial arrangement in the brain as in the body and forms a strip of the sensory cortex.
Thus, Somatosensory cortex strip is the correct answer.
Ichthyostega is a 370-million-year-old fossil from Greenland. Ichthyostega had digits, eyes on the top of its head, and strong, armlike bones. It also had no gills and a reduced tail—traits it had in common with Tulerpeton. Acanthostega, Eusthenopteron, and Tiktaalik all had gills and full tails. Use the abbreviations provided to draw a phylogenetic tree that includes Ichthyostega.
Ichthyostega and Tulerpeton, sharing common traits, are closely related and would be placed together on a branch of a phylogenetic tree. Acanthostega, Eusthenopteron, and Tiktaalik, sharing different traits, would be grouped on another branch.
Explanation:The phylogenetic tree traces the evolutionary relationships of different species. The information provided implies that Ichthyostega, Tulerpeton, Acanthostega, Eusthenopteron, and Tiktaalik are distinct species that can be represented on a phylogenetic tree.
Based on their shared traits, we can hypothesize that Ichthyostega and Tulerpeton are more closely related to each other than either is to Acanthostega, Eusthenopteron, or Tiktaalik. Thus, Ichthyostega and Tulerpeton would be placed together on a branch of the phylogenetic tree, with a shared ancestor. Acanthostega, Eusthenopteron, and Tiktaalik, if they share common traits, would be grouped together on another branch of the tree.
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During an evening hike, you see a shooting star just like the one pictured here. In which layer of the atmosphere does this shooting star occur? troposphere stratosphere mesosphere thermosphere
The answer is mesosphere
Answer:
Some people call them shooting stars. Those meteors are burning up in the mesosphere. The meteors make it through the exosphere and thermosphere without much trouble because those layers don't have much air. But when they hit the mesosphere, there are enough gases to cause friction and create heat.
In the mesosphere layer of the atmosphere, this shooting star occurs.
Where do capturing stars occur?A capturing famous person is sincerely a small piece of rock or dust that hits Earth's atmosphere from the area. It moves so fast that it heats up and glows as it moves thru the surroundings. taking pictures of stars is absolutely what astronomers name meteors. maximum meteors deplete inside the atmosphere earlier than they reach the floor.
What's within the mesosphere?The mesosphere's ecosystem is low density and made of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen. even though a maximum of the meteors that reach the mesosphere are burned up, some of their fabric hangs round afterward, along with iron and other steel atoms.
Temperature decreases with height for the duration of the mesosphere. The coldest temperatures in Earth's surroundings, approximately -ninety° C. are found near the top of this sediment. The boundary among the mesosphere and the thermosphere is referred to as the mesopause.
The mesosphere could be very essential for earth's protection. The mesosphere burns up most meteors and asteroids earlier than they may be capable of attain the earth's floor
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Cell diffusion is not particularly limited by molecular distribution. The rate considers the external temperature, distance to travel, time, solute’s mass, solvent’s density, and possible imperfections to the membrane. Although the investigation will involve passive transport, it is important to note, within a cell, there are various forms of selectivity. The plasma membrane’s interior, exterior, protein channels, and amphiphilic nature all limit what molecules would enter the cell and how much. Understanding both active and passive transport occur simultaneously enforces molecular transportation to be complex.
Movement of molecules across the cell membrane occurs by diffusion, active or passive transport.
Explanation:
Cell membrane are specifically penetrable, controlling which substances can go through, just as the amount of every substance can enter or exit at a given time. Specific permeability is fundamental to cells' capacity to get supplements, take out wastes, and keep up a steady inside condition unique in relation to that of the environment (homeostasis). Passive transport doesn't require the cell to consume any ATP and includes a substance diffusing down its concentration gradient across its membrane. In active transport, molecules cross the membrane using ATP.
When asked to remember life events, vivid memories from which age range are most likely to be reported?
Answer:
Ages that come five years from the age the person is now.
Explanation:
Ages that come five years from the age the person is now have more vivid memories in people.
For example, if the person has 20 years, he would remeber more cleary from when he was 15 years old to his current age.
This is because the brain retains more information from the previews experiences, having all that memories more vivid.
This happens in any age.
Answer:
10 to 30 years
Explanation:
Studies have shown that adults, the period from 10 to 30 years of age produces reminder of the most accounts of life, the clear and intense memories, and the most important memories.
A biologist ground up some plant leaf cells and then centrifuged the mixture to fractionate the organelles. Organelles in one of the heavier fractions could produce ATP in the light, while organelles in the lighter fraction could produce ATP in the dark. The heavier and lighter fractions are most likely to contain, respectively
Answer:
Chloroplast and mitochondria respectively
Explanation:
The chloroplast is the organelle wherein ATP is produced by the process of photophosphorylation during the light-dependent phase of photosynthesis. The transfer of electrons from PSII to PSI via electron transport chain generates a proton concentration gradient across the thylakoid membrane which in turn drives the process of ATP synthesis.
Mitochondria can produce ATP in the absence of light by the process of oxidative phosphorylation. Oxidation of NADH and FADH2 via electron transport chain generates a proton concentration gradient across the inner membrane of mitochondria which in turn drives the process of ATP synthesis
A thoracic motion segment contains the fibrous joint between the intervertebral disc and vertebral bodies, 2 intervertebral facet joints, 4 costo-vertebral facet joints, 2 costo-transverse facet joints, the ligaments of those joints.A.True
B.False
Answer:
True
Explanation:
The thoracic spine is the second segment of the vertebral column, located between the cervical and lumbar vertebral segments. It consists of twelve vertebrae, which are separated by intervertebral discs.
Along with the sternum and ribs, the thoracic spine forms part of the thoracic cage. This bony structure helps protect the internal viscera – such as the heart, lungs and oesophagus.
This article will look at the osteology of the thoracic vertebrae, examining their characteristic features, joints and clinical correlations.
Increasing muscle mass and decreasing fat content in your body can increase ones use of energy. Why is this?
Explanation:
Muscle tissue is metabolically more dynamic and burn a larger number of calories than fat tissue. The more muscles you have, the greater your resting energy expenditure, which implies that your body burns more calories while sitting idle
Dentinogenesis imperfecta is a rare, autosomal, dominantly inherited disease of the teeth that occurs in about one in 8000 people (Witkop, 1957). The teeth are somewhat brown in color, and the crowns wear down rapidly. Assume that a male with dentinogenesis imperfecta and no family history of the disease marries a woman with normal teeth. What is the probability that: a.their first child will be a girl with dentinogenesis imperfecta?
Answer:
The answer is 25%.
Explanation:
Let's say that x represents the gene for the disease. Dentinogenesis Imperfecta is an autosomal dominant disease which means one must possess either a genotype of Xx, one dominant and one recessive, or XX, two dominant genes for the disease to be observed.
Since the individual has no history of the said disease, we can say that his genotype regarding the disease must be Xx which means it has a 50% chance of affecting the child.
The probability of their first child being a girl is 50% and the probability of the child inheriting the disease is also 50% so we can calculate that the probability of both of these conditions being true at the same time is 25%.
I hope this answer helps.
Without making any swimming movements, what percentage of the human body would be above the surface in the Dead Sea (a body of water with a density of about 1230 kg/m3) in each of these cases?
Question complete statement:
The average human has a density of 945 kg/m3 after inhaling and 1020 kg/m3 after exhaling. Without making any swimming movements, what percentage of the human body would be above the surface in the Dead Sea (a body of water with a density of about 1230 kg/m3) in each of these cases?
Answer:
P(in) = 23.17 %
P(ex) = 17%
Explanation:
Given data:
Density after inhaling = 945 kg/m3
Density after exhaling = 1020 kg/m3
Density of water body = 1230 kg/m3
% of human body above the surface in the dead sea = ?
Formula:
The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the body.
P (f) x g x V(f) = P(o) x g x V(o)
Volume of the fluid displaced corresponds to volume of the object beneath the fluid level.
For inhaling:
[tex]\frac{V(DS)}{V(in)}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{P(in)}{P(DS)}[/tex]
V(in) = P(in) / P(DS) x V(DS)
= 945 / 1230 x V(DS)
V(in) = 0.7683 x V(DS)
Calculate what percentage of the human body would be above the surface in the dead sea.
P(in) = (1 - 0.7683) x 100
= 0.2317 x 100
P(in) = 23.17 %
For exhaling:
V(ex) = P(ex) / P(DS) x V(DS)
= 1020 / 1230 x V(DS)
= 0.8292 x V(DS)
Calculate what percentage of the human body would be above the surface in the dead sea
P(ex) = (1 - 0.8292) x 100
= 0.17 x 100
P(ex) = 17%
Eukaryotes that are not closely related and that do not share many anatomical similarities can still be placed together on the same phylogenetic tree by comparing their ______.
A. homologous genes that are highly conserved
B. homologous genes that are poorly conserved
C. mitochondrial genomes
D. plasmids
Answer:
Homologous genes that are highly conserved.
Explanation:
Phylogenetic trees are diagrams that represent evolutionary relationship between organisms.
It is set to represent the hypothesis that a set of species evolved fro the same ancestor.
Anatomical similarities are considered in the construction of the trees.
However , two organisms can be placed in the same tree by comparing their genes.
If the two eukaryotes have genes that are highly conserved that similar.
Roger has been lifting weights seriously for years. His twin brother Steven does not exercise regularly. Which of the following statements would be a reasonable hypothesis to make regarding differences between their skeletons?a. stevens hydroxyapatite combination is less than roger'sb. roger's skeleton underdoes less osteolysis than steven'sc. roger's osteoblasts are more active than steven'sd. all of the listed responses are correct
Answer:
a. stevens hydroxyapatite combination is less than roger's
b. roger's skeleton undergoes less osteolysis than steven's
c. roger's osteoblasts are more active than steven's
Explanation:
The hydroxyapatite combination includes the minerals of the apatite group like calcium apatite. As the exercise enhances the bone stability and prevents it's deformity thus the hydroxyapatite or mineral density is expected to be higher in Roger than Stevens.
The osteolysis is the pathological destruction of the bone tissues. As Roger does regular exercise he is expected to have achieved more immunity over Stevens. Thus Roger is prevented from oesteolysis.
The osteoblasts are the cells that secrete matrix for bone synthesis as the exercise is responsible for strengthening the bone the osteoblasts in person who do regular exercise are expected to be more active. Thus Roger's osteoblasts are more active then Steven's.
Final answer:
Roger's regular weight-lifting likely results in more active osteoblasts compared to his sedentary twin Steven, which would contribute to a denser and stronger skeleton. This is consistent with the understanding that resistance training increases bone density and strength.
Explanation:
The question concerns the impact of physical activity on skeletal health. When comparing Roger, who lifts weights regularly, to his twin brother Steven, who is not as active, one can hypothesize that Roger's osteoblasts are more active due to the stimulus provided by regular resistance training. This increased activity promotes the deposition of bone tissue, which can lead to a denser and stronger skeleton in Roger compared to Steven.
Therefore, the most reasonable hypothesis from the given options is c. Roger's osteoblasts are more active than Steven's. This is consistent with the idea that regular weight-bearing exercise, like lifting weights, stimulates bone growth and density, a process that is less pronounced in sedentary individuals.
Furthermore, consistent with the hypotheses presented, a right-handed pitcher and a right-handed cyclist will likely have thicker bones in their dominant arm and leg respectively, and a broken bone typically heals to be thicker. In contrast, bedridden patients may experience bone thinning due to lack of activity.
What did Wallace conclude from observing that the bones in manatee flippers look similar to the bones in a human arm and hand? What did Wallace conclude from observing that the bones in manatee flippers look similar to the bones in a human arm and hand? Manatee finger bones must have an important function, necessary for the animal’s survival. Manatees were specially created in their current form, including the arm and finger bones inside their flippers. Manatees use their flippers like humans use their hands. Manatees’ arm and finger bones are evidence that manatees share a common ancestor with land mammals.
Answer:
Manatees' arm and finger bones are evidence that manatees share a common ancestor with land mammals.
Explanation:
Manatees were aquatic mammals while humans are mainly land mammals. However, the presence of body parts or organs having similar structures in manatees and humans suggests that these two species of mammals shared a common ancestor. The arms and finger bones were also present in their common ancestors.
Humans and manatees diverged into different directions to become adapted to terrestrial and aquatic lifestyle respectively. Therefore, the forelimbs developed into flippers in manatees while the same do the function of holding objects in humans. These are called homologous structures.
The correct conclusion that Wallace drew from observing the similarity between the bones in manatee flippers and the bones in a human arm and hand is that manatees' arm and finger bones are evidence that manatees share a common ancestor with land mammals.
The observation of similar bone structures in the flippers of manatees and the arms and hands of humans suggests that these two species have a common evolutionary origin. This is consistent with the theory of evolution, which posits that species evolve over time and that similarities in anatomy can be attributed to shared ancestry. The presence of bones that correspond to fingers within the manatee's flippers indicates that their ancestors may have had limbs adapted for life on land, which over time have been modified to suit an aquatic lifestyle. This kind of structural homology is often used as evidence for the process of natural selection and the descent of species from common ancestors.
The other options provided do not align as closely with the evidence from the observed similarities:
- Manatee finger bones must have an important function, necessary for the animal’s survival: While this statement may be true, it does not directly address the evolutionary implications of the bone structure similarities.
- Manatees were specially created in their current form, including the arm and finger bones inside their flippers: This conclusion aligns with creationist views rather than scientific evidence of evolution.
- Manatees use their flippers like humans use their hands: This statement is not necessarily true and does not explain the reason for the bone structure similarities from an evolutionary perspective.
Therefore, the most scientifically supported conclusion is that the similar bones in manatee flippers and human arms and hands are evidence of a common ancestor, reflecting the process of evolutionary adaptation and divergence from a shared lineage.
Imagine you want to learn more about Mike Smith’s osteosarcoma. How could you use microarray technology to determine which genes have been affected in his tumor cells? What does it tell us if two genes show the same levels of expression in cancer cells and normal cells? What does it tell us if there are some genes that are highly expressed in normal cells but not expressed in cancer cells? What can a DNA microarray teach us about oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes? Use the information you learned from the DNA microarray to write an argument to convince smokers to stop smoking. Be sure to reference any differences you saw in gene expression in smokers and nonsmokers studied in the experiment.
Explanation:
DNA microarrays exploit the capacity of correlative strands of nucleic acids to base-pair with one another and bind. For instance, ATATGCGC will tie to its supplement (TATACGCG) with a specific liking. This strategy was first utilized by Sol Spiegelman to quantify the homology (closeness) of two different nucleic acids; Spiegelman called the technique "hybridization" of nucleic acids. Afterward, the designers of the DNA microarray specked a variety of DNA duplicates (cDNAs) relating to an enormous number of various mRNAs of known succession onto a glass slide. Since this exhibit was so minor, it was named a microarray We could utilize the microarray technology to see which genes his malignant growth cells have expanded, reduced, turned on, or killed. DNA microarrays can show us what befalls the oncogenes and tumor silencer genes to cause cancer in cells.18. The minimum average kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance occurs at which
temperature?
A. -273 K
B. OK
C. 0°c
D. 273 c
A. -273 K
Explanation:
The minimum average kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance occurs at the temperature of -273K.
This is the lowest of the given temperatures.
Average kinetic energy of the molecules of substances is directly proportional to their temperature. The lower the temperature of a body, the lower their average kinetic energy. Increasing temperature leads to more kinetic energy between molecules. Since -273K is the lowest temperature, then it shows the minimum average kinetic energy of the molecules.learn more:
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the answer i got for this question was wrong the right answer is 60°C if it's for k12 though
Explanation:
If you were working for a pharmaceutical company as part of a drug discovery team, which of these enzyme inhibitors would you suggest as a productive avenue for drug development?
Answer:
Option A, a drug to treat high blood pressure that reversibly inhibits an enzyme catalyzing production of a chemical that causes blood vessels to contract
Explanation:
The complete question is
If you were working for a pharmaceutical company as part of a drug discovery team, which of these enzyme inhibitors would you suggest as a productive avenue for drug development?
a) a drug to treat high blood pressure that reversibly inhibits an enzyme catalyzing production of a chemical that causes blood vessels to contract
b) a drug to treat diabetes that irreversibly inhibits an enzyme in the metabolic pathway to synthesize glucose
c) a compound that acts as a competitive inhibitor for a digestive enzyme produced only in the presence of certain foods
d) a compound that inhibits enzymes by significantly changing the ph throughout the body
Solution
Productive avenue of a drug simply means producing an drug that not only treats the main disease or disorder but also functions to inhibit the causative agent activity. In case of option A, both the objectives of producing drug are met and hence it is the right choice.
High blood pressure usually affects the blood vessels by narrowing them and in severe cases may rupture them. If a drug as stated in option A is produced, it will not only rectify the effects of high blood pressure but will also prevent the blood vessels from narrowing by inhibiting the activity of enzymes responsible for producing chemical that leads to blood vessel contraction.
Hence, option A is correct
Final answer:
In drug development, focusing on selective enzyme inhibitors and reversible enzyme inhibitors offers promising avenues due to their specificity, safety, and potential in treating a wide array of diseases by targeting specific metabolic pathways.
Explanation:
If you were working for a pharmaceutical company as part of a drug discovery team, which of these enzyme inhibitors would you suggest as a productive avenue for drug development? In the realm of drug development, focusing on enzyme inhibitors is a strategic approach due to their potential in treating a variety of diseases by targeting specific metabolic pathways. The key to selecting a productive enzyme inhibitor for drug development lies in understanding the enzyme's role in the human body, its relationship to diseases, and the specificity and safety of the inhibitor.
One highly promising avenue for drug development involves selective enzyme inhibitors. These are molecules designed to specifically inhibit the action of an enzyme that plays a critical role in the disease process without affecting other enzymes. This specificity is crucial for minimizing side effects and maximizing therapeutic efficacy. Examples include inhibitors targeting enzymes involved in cancer cell growth and proliferation, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors used in certain types of cancer treatment.
Another productive path could be the development of reversible enzyme inhibitors, which temporarily inhibit enzyme action. This approach is valuable in conditions where a temporary modulation of enzyme activity is desired, providing a way to finely control physiological responses with potential applications in a wide array of diseases including hypertension, diabetes, and neurological disorders.
Ultimately, the choice of enzyme inhibitor depends on the disease target, the enzyme's biological importance, the inhibitor's selectivity, and its pharmacokinetic properties. Drug discovery teams must continually assess these factors to identify and develop the most effective and safe therapeutic agents.
A coastline on Earth experiences two high and two low tides of about the same height each day. What type of tide is cycling in this location?
Diurnal tides
Mixed dinural tides
Mixed semidiurnal tides
Semidiurnal tides
Semidiurnal tides occur when a coastline on Earth experiences two high and two low tides of about the same height each day.
Explanation:
If the earth did not have continental, then the predominantly tides would be diurnal tides. This means there would be one high and low tide at a point in the ocean. However, the presence of continents causes the tides to vary across coastal regions of different continents -mixed. This is because the ocean waters are not free-flowing with the moon’s and sun’s gravitational pull. The blockage by continentals to this flow causes mixed diurnal and mixed semi-diurnal tides. Mixed semi-diurnal tides have two high and low tides of unequal amplitudes on a lunar day.
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Answer:
D. Semidiurnal tides
Explanation:
The ____ relies upon the unique magnetic properties of oxygen in the blood to form representations of the brain.
Answer: fMRI
Explanation:
fMRI stands for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. It is an imaging scan that helps to evaluate the activities of the brain through changes that occurs in line with the flow of blood, and this is because there is a connection between neuronal activation and blood flow in the cerebral. It must be noted that the rate of blood flow in a particular area of the brain increase when such part is under use.
Isometric exercise strengthens muscles without __________.A.contracting muscle fibersB.changing muscle lengthC.burning caloriesD.conscious effort Please select the best answer from the choices provided.
Answer:
The correct answer is B.changing muscle length
Explanation:
Isometric exercise involves the contraction of a particular muscle group without changing the length of the muscle and the affected joint does not move in the exercise. Isometric exercise helps in muscle strength because they are done in a single position without any movement.
This allows them to improve the strength of a particular position. Some of the isometric exercises are high plank, self-arm wrestling, forearm plank, low squat, etc. So isometric exercise strengthens muscles without changing the length of the muscle.
Which is not a guideline for avoiding hip dislocation after replacement surgery. A. The hip may be flexed to put on clothing such as pants, stockings, socks, or shoes. B. Never cross the legs when seated. C. Keep the knees apart at all times. D. Put a pillow between the legs when sleeping.
Answer: (A) The hip may be flexed to put on clothing such as pants, stockings, socks, or shoes.
Explanation: To avoid hip dislocation after replacement surgery. important guidelines should be communicated to the patient by the medical consultant.
Examples of important guidelines include:
1. patient should not flexed his or her hip to put on clothing such as pants, stockings, socks, or shoes.
2. ensuring that the patient keep his or her knees apart at all times to avoid secondary dislocation;
3. patient should apply pillow between the legs when sleeping;
4. patient should never cross the legs when seated;
5. The medical consultant should instruct the patient to limit hip flexion to 90 degrees when he or she sits and etc.
PCR (select one):
a. Is used to transcribe specific genes.
b. Amplifies specific DNA sequences.
c. None of these are correct.
d. Uses a DNA polymerase that denatures at 55 degrees Celsius.
e. Uses primers that are added only to one of the two template strands.
Answer: Option B) Amplifies specific DNA sequences.
Explanation:
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) refers to the selective and repetitive duplication of a specific DNA sequence. It involves the following: heat, an enzyme called thermos aquaticus and annealing.
This group of questions consists of five lettered headings followed by a list of phrases or sentences. For each phrase or sentence, select the one heading to which it is most closely related. Each heading may be used once, more than once, or not at all. This group of questions refers to the following enzymes. (A) DNA ligase (B) DNA polymerase (C) RNA polymerase (D) Restriction enzyme (E) Reverse transcriptase Enzyme used during replication to attach Okazaki fragments to each other
Answer:
A (DNA LIGASE)
Explanation:
Replication of DNA cannot occur without certain enzymes with varying functions. After unwinding of the DNA double-strand by helicase enzyme, DNA polymerase attaches itself and starts adding nucleotides, however, DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides in the 5'-3' direction. Since the separated strands run in an anti-parallel manner i.e. one runs from 5'-3' while the other from 3'-5'.
Nucleotides are continuously added to the leading strand (runs from 5'-3') since that is the normal direction of synthesis by DNA polymerase but because of the 3'-5' direction of the lagging strand, nucleotides are added in small fragments called OKAZAKI FRAGMENTS. As the polymerase acts on the leading strand, these okazaki fragments are made on the opposite strand (lagging strand).
An enzyme called DNA LIGASE is responsible for attaching from end to end, the small okazaki fragments on the lagging strand to one another.
DNA Ligase is the enzyme that connects Okazaki fragments during DNA replication, preserving the genetic information carried in the DNA.
Explanation:The enzyme responsible for connecting Okazaki fragments during DNA replication is DNA ligase. DNA ligase performs a critical task during replication, it seals the gaps between these Okazaki fragments to create one continuous DNA strand. This action maintains the integrity and continuity of the new DNA strands being synthesized, which is crucial for preserving the genetic information carried in the DNA.
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Meiosis results in independent assortment of maternal and paternal chromosomes. If n=3n=3 for a given organism, and there is no crossing over, what is the chance that a gamete will receive only paternal chromosomes?
Answer:
1/8
Explanation:
In genetics as a whole there are few topics that impinge on human affairs quite so directly as this one. Foremost is the fact that a large proportion of genetically determined ill health in humans is caused by abnormal chromosome numbers. Additionally, manipulation of chromosome number is routinely used by breeders to improve agriculturally important species.
In a study of genetic variation of the Graceland gene, a researcher finds that there are two alleles in a population. In a large sample (500 individuals), the frequency of heterozygotes is 0.63. Is the population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? 1. No. The highest frequency of heterozygotes under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is 0.5.2. No. The frequency of each genotype would be equal if the population were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.3. No. The frequency of heterozygotes would be 1 if the population was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. No. There would be no heterozygotes if the population were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
Answer:
Option 1, No. The highest frequency of heterozygotes under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is 0.5
Explanation:
As per Hardy Weinberg’s equilibrium principle, the maximum frequency of heterozytotic individuals occur only when half of the population is dominant and recessive homozygous.
In other way when the sum of frequency of dominant and recessive species is equal to 0.5, only then the frequency of heterozygotes is maximum which in any case would not be higher than 0.5.
Hence, option 1 is correct
Compare and contrast water sustainability practices in named drought area vs water-rich examples.
In simple terms, water can be defined as it is in the form of a liquid state and it is colorless and transparent and it is the basic and important needs for all the living organisms
Explanation:
Drought Area:Probably the drought water can be defined as the lack of water supply and the due to the rainfall shortage it results in drought and it will leads to the water scarcity problemEffects of drought:
And the effects of drought are listed below,
Economic effects- Economic effects in the sense, farmers will suffer a lot due to the water scarcity for their irrigation and the pieces of stuffSocial effects - Social effects in the sense, due to the drought people living in the drought region will suffer from drinking water issuesEnvironmental effects - Environmental effects in the sense, it determines the habitats especially in the forest region and it affects the soil moisture and the soil moisture will lead to issues2.Water-rich:
Water-rich can be stated as the clean and quality of water provided to all the living organisms for their basic and necessary needs
Merits:
Countries like Canada, United States, Brazil, and China have a tremendous amount of water and these countries come under water-rich countriesWater-rich countries have a proper distribution of water supplyLess chance for drought and water scarcity problemsBack-up of water is more and comfortableAnd the quality of ground water supply is higher compared to drought affected areasCici has a colorblind father. Her mother is not colorblind and does not carry a gene for color blindness. What are the chances that she will be colorblind?
Answer:
The Genotype: Cc
Explanation:
On a punnet square if the dad carries the gene as a homozygous dominant trait that the would make his genotype: CC
For the mother, she would have hers as cc which would mean that the probability of her being colorblind is 1/2 so she would not be color blind
A biological theorist studies a psychological disorder through the interconnectivity of an entire network of brain structures. This shows the recent belief that the key to psychological disorders lies in:
Answer:
Hormonal Imbalances generated by irregular stimulus or impulses of brain
Explanation:
According to the recent research, most of the patients with serious psychological disorders have severe imbalances of hormones in their body. Most of them also have a history of trauma to head and spine. When a part of brain gets damaged, it may become dead (under-active) or may become overactive and hormonal instability have serious psychological complications.
The biological perspective suggests psychological disorders are rooted in biological phenomena such as neurotransmitter imbalances and genetic factors. The bio-psycho-social model complements this by considering psychological stressors and social factors in the development of mental illnesses, highlighting an integrated approach to understanding and treating these conditions.
Explanation:The biological theorist's approach to studying psychological disorders through brain structure interconnectivity aligns with current beliefs in the biological perspective of psychological disorders. This perspective posits that conditions like depression and schizophrenia are associated with neurotransmitter imbalances and genetic factors, along with abnormalities in brain structure and function. This emphasizes the importance of biological bases in understanding psychological disorders. Furthermore, the bio-psycho-social model complements this by suggesting an integrated approach, acknowledging that while biological factors set the stage for disorders, psychological stressors and social factors also play vital roles in triggering and shaping these conditions. This comprehensive model encompasses genetic predispositions, stress responses, negative thinking patterns, hormones, neurotransmitter function, and sociocultural influences, thereby providing a more holistic understanding of mental illness.
To cite an example, schizophrenia's etiology includes genetic vulnerability paired with environmental and psychosocial stresses. Other mood and anxiety disorders also arise from a complex interplay between biological predispositions such as hormones, individual thought processes, and social interactions. Thus, the bio-psycho-social model serves as a framework for assessing the causes and treatments of disorders, illustrating the intricate network of factors that contribute to mental health conditions.