The rate of reaction stops increasing because there is no substrate left to bound with an enzyme to increase the rate of reaction.
What is an enzyme?An enzyme is a substance that increases the rate of reaction by catalyzing the reaction.
The enzyme is called a biological catalyst.
Enzyme work when it combines with the substrate of the reaction to make products.
When the enzyme is added, the rate of reaction increase because it fastens the reactions.
But when the substrate is converted into a product and there is no substrate left to combine with enzyme the rate of reaction stop increasing.
Thus, The rate of reaction stops increasing because there is no substrate left to bound with an enzyme to increase the rate of reaction.
Learn more about enzymes, here:
https://brainly.com/question/24811456
Final answer:
The reaction rate stops increasing due to enzyme saturation, where all enzyme active sites are fully occupied and cannot bind additional substrates, causing the rate to level off despite more enzyme being added.
Explanation:
The reason the reaction rate stops increasing even with the addition of more enzyme is due to enzyme saturation. At a certain point, all active sites of the enzyme molecules are occupied by the substrate, and they are unable to bind to any additional substrate molecules until the existing substrate is converted into product and released. This phenomenon is known as enzyme saturation, and it explains why the reaction rate levels off. It indicates that the enzymes are working at their maximum capacity, and any further increase in substrate concentration cannot enhance the reaction rate any further.
Help, please!!! 50 points!!!
What effects does ionizing radiation have on the atmosphere? Select the two correct answers.
Answer:
The correct answers are :
It forms ozone in the stratosphere.It ionises atoms and molecules in the thermosphere.Explanation:
Ionising radiations like the cosmic rays are responsible for:Breaking of oxygen molecules in the stratosphere to yield nascent oxygen which again reacts with oxygen molecules to form Ozone.The molecules of different gases present in the thermosphere are radiolysed by these ionising radiations generating ions and huge amount of heat energy. This energy is responsible for the higher temperature in the thermosphere.What instruction should the nurse include in the discharge teaching plan
of a client who had a cataract extraction today?
a. Sexual activities may be resumed upon return home
b. Light housekeeping is permitted but avoid heavy lifting
c. Use a metal eye shield on operative eye during the day
d. Administer eye ointment before applying eye drops
Answer:
option B
Explanation:
Cloudiness of the lens of the eye is called the cataract. It can affect both the eye on the same time or only one.
Some cataract postoperative instructions are given to the patient which include
- The avoidance of heavy lifting material
- Avoid alcohol intake instructed by the health care professional.
- Avoid driving for 24 hours.
- Do not rub the eye and also use eye drops
- for eye protection wear protective shield.
Answer:
D.
Explanation:
I think the nurse should include this instruction in the discharge teaching plan:
Administer eye ointment before applying eye drops.
Because applying metal shield on the operated eye can harm the eyes while the other two instructions are not related to this topic at all
A student is studying the amino acid sequence of a protein shared by four organisms. The student wants to know which organism is most closely related to organism A. The student has data that shows the number of amino acid differences between organism A and each of the other organisms. Study the data in the chart. OrganismNumber of Difference in Amino Acid Sequence from Organism A B3 C5 D1 Which organism does this data suggest is most closely related to organism A?
Answer:
Organism D.
Explanation:
Amino acids are the monomers of proteins and are linked together by the peptide bond. The protein is obtained from the RNA molecules by the process known as translation.
The amino acid sequence of the proteins can also be used to study the evolutionary relationship between the organisms and the closeness of teh organisms with each other. In the question it is give that organisms A and D has least difference ( 1 amino acid sequence difference) and more related with each other.
Thus, the answer is organism D.
Answer: organism D.
Explanation: i took the test and got it right !
In an ischemic heart, the affected cardiac muscle cells are likely to have an altered ______.
A) Number of Z disc
B) Number of desmosomes
C) Number of slow Ca+2 channels
D) Resting member potential
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Ischemia is the cell and tissue damage which results from the lack of the proper blood supply in the heart. Due to improper blood supply there is a lack of oxygen in the heart.
The damaged tissue is normally being replaced by the scar tissue which is quite different from the normal tissue and its basic structure is also not the same.
The scarred tissue lacks the pumps and channels which is necessary to establish the resting potential.
The geological timescale was first developed using the fossil record, but this provided only a system of relative dating; absolute dates weren't established until the discovery of: _______________-
Answer:
Radioactive decay
Explanation:
Radioactive decay which is a property of several elements found on the earth involves the emission of charged particles and energy of unstable nuclei of radioactive atoms, thereby becoming stable with time. The rate of radioactive decay is often referred to as half-life of that element, and could be as more than millions of years. Radioactive elements that undergo radioactive decay have made it possible for a more accurate dating to be achieved using the known decay rates of radioactive materials.
Pacemaker cells are located in the ______________; Contractile cells are located in the _____________.
Why is knowledge of etymology useful? A. It helps us understand the evolution of philosophy. B. It helps us understand the evolution of humankind. C. It helps us understand the evolution of words. D. It helps us understand the evolution of literature.
Answer:
C. It helps us understand the evolution of words.
Explanation:
Etymology is the study of history and origin and evolution of the word. etymology can help in improving the English skills. It helps us to define a word without using a dictionary.
People use etymology as an enjoyable and effective way of learning and enhancing word power. It helps us to find that which is the area that influences others. If can become easy to pronounce the word if we know that from which word it is originated. Therefore the correct answer is C.
Answer:Option C
Explanation:
The etymology can aid in determining the origin of the word. It can help in finding out which area influenced others.
With the help of etymology people can learn about the prefix, suffix, and to know the exact meaning of the words.
It also applies to the methods of comparative linguistics to reconstruct the information which are too old and makes it available.
When an individual, in meeting health goals, takes small steps that allow success, he or she is employing what self-management skill?
Answer:
The correct answer is - building self confidence and motivation.
Explanation:
When an individual follows the the health goals that involves the small steps or short goals that can easily achievable that allows to make the feel individual successful. These smalls success helps in individual to build self confidence that he or she can do things on his/her own successfully.
It is also helpful in building motivation to achieve next step with more enthusiasm. Both self confidence and motivation are essential self management skills.
Thus, the correct answer is - building self confidence and motivation.
A research company uses a device to record the viewing habits of about 12 comma 50012,500 households, and the data collected over the next 2 yearsover the next 2 years will be used to determinenbsp whether nbsp whether the proportion of households tuned to a particular sportssports programnbsp decreases.
Answer:
cross-sectional study
Explanation:
A cross-sectional study is an observational research that has to do with data analysis of variables or sane set of variable obtained at a particular point of time (a snap shot)across a sample population. It is also called cross-sectional analysis, transverse study or prevalence study.
In this study type, the variable is said to be constant. It can either be a descriptive (to show the frequency and distribution of the study topic in a particular area) cross-sectional study or an anakytical cross-sectional study (to show the relationship between two related or unrelated variables).
As in this case study, if a significant amount of the population view a particular sport program more than the others, the researcher can conduct further studies to understand the reason behind the variation in populations that viewed a particular sport program – like a longitudinal study.
In a cross-sectional study, to determine the prevalence, multiple parameters are estimated simultaneously – questions, observations, and answers. Prevalence = amount of cases at a certain period in time / population of people at that certain period.
The cross-sectional studies is swift to perform, variblels are retrieve once, help determine different outcomes with the prevalence value too, can be used for descriptive analysis and to promote further research.
The peroxisome functions in macromolecular biosynthesis _________. a. is responsible for cellular transport through the Golgi apparatus. b. produces proteins. c. is responsible for the formation of microtubules. d. breaks down fatty acids and other organic compounds.
Answer: Option D
The peroxisome functions in macromolecular biosynthesis and breaks down fatty acids and other organic compounds.
Explanation:
Peroxisome are cellular organelles that play roles in metabolic process such as oxidation of lipids to yield simple products of carbon dioxide and water.
It also helps in the synthesis of biotin, a vitamin that activates many enzymes catalysing several cellular reactions.
What is a direct result of depolarizing the presynaptic membrane of an axon terminal?
Answer:
Voltage-gated calcium channels in the membrane open
Explanation:
When the presynaptic membrane of an axon terminal is depolarized, it induces the opening of voltage-gated calcium ion channels.
What is an Axon terminal?An Axon terminal may be defined as a region that is typically found at the end of a neuron after the termination of axons. This region is a small, spherical, bouton-like structure. It is also known as terminal boutons.
Once the voltage-gated calcium ion channels open, it allows the movement of calcium ions inside the cell. This entry of calcium ions provokes the fusion of synaptic vesicles with the membrane and finally the liberation of neurotransmitter molecules into the empty space which is known as the synaptic cleft.
Therefore, the opening of the voltage-gated calcium ion channel is the possible result of depolarizing the presynaptic membrane of an axon terminal.
To learn more about Depolarization, refer to the link:
https://brainly.com/question/3040056
#SPJ6
A strand of DNA formed by splicing DNA from 2 different organisms is called ___.
Question 16 options:
recombinant RNA
plasmid DNA
recombinant DNA
restriction enzymes
Answer: recombinant DNA
A strand of DNA formed by splicing DNA from 2 different organisms is called recombinant DNA
Explanation:
Using the techniques of recombinant DNA technology, certain enzymes known as restriction enzymes capable of cleaving double stranded DNA in the plasmid of bacteria genomes (other organisms like eukaryotes can also be used) are used to obtain specific sequences of DNA bearing desirable traits in the both organisms.
Once the two DNA fragments have been obtained, another enzyme known as DNA ligase is used to seal the point of splicing, thereby constructing a single DNA from the two organisms.
This single DNA is known as Recombinant DNA
Weathering can be either a chemical or a physical process. The action of water causes physical weathering of rock. Which examples of weathering are the result of the action of water?
Frost wedging is a type of physical weathering of rock.
Explanation:
Physical or mechanical weathering affects the rock structurally but does not change the chemical composition. Mechanical forces will rub, break or shatter the rock surfaces. Wedging, abrasion, exfoliation are different types of physical weathering.
Water is one of the main sources which alter the structure of the rocks physically.
Frost wedging occurring due to flow of freezing water over the rocks. This frozen water enters the rock through the cracks and crevices on the rock surface, and will expand inside and makes the rocks to crack further and breaks it apart.
Final answer:
Water plays a significant role in the physical weathering of rocks through processes like frost wedging, root wedging, and insolation weathering. These processes contribute to the mechanical breakdown of rocks without altering their chemical composition.
Explanation:
The action of water can cause several examples of physical weathering of rock:
Frost wedging: This occurs when water seeps into cracks in rocks and freezes. When water freezes, it expands, applying pressure to the rock and causing it to break apart.
Root wedging: As plant roots grow, they can extend into the small crevices of rocks. As the roots grow thicker, they exert a force that can physically weather and break the rock.
Insolation weathering: This involves the expansion and contraction of rocks due to temperature changes. Although water isn't directly breaking the rock, it can promote this process by penetrating the rocks and enhancing thermal stresses.
Additionally, the physical breakdown of rocks by water can lead to increased surface area, making the rocks more susceptible to further chemical weathering.
Which of the following scenerio is an example of where a cell may meed to preform a form of endocytosis. to get rid of waste to send out the products other parts of the organism needs. to get nutrients it needs
A cell may perform endocytosis, an active transport mechanism, to obtain nutrients it needs, such as when a white blood cell engulfs bacteria. This is different from exocytosis, which involves the cell getting rid of waste or sending out products.
Explanation:The scenario where a cell may need to perform a form of endocytosis to meet its requirements is when it needs to get nutrients. Endocytosis is a type of active transport where the cell membrane envelops extracellular material. There are three main types of endocytosis:
Phagocytosis: Often nonselective, this process involves the cell taking in large particles such as food particles or bacteria.Pinocytosis: Known as "cell drinking," this process involves the cell taking in small particles and fluids.Receptor-mediated endocytosis: This is a highly selective process where the cell takes in specific molecules that bind to receptors on the cell surface.An example of endocytosis is when a white blood cell engulfs bacteria, which is a way the cell gets nutrients it needs. This would not describe a cell getting rid of waste or sending out products to other parts of the organism, which are functions of exocytosis.
What type of data is recorded by the electrocardiogram?
A. the amount of oxygen in the blood
B. the force from the heart beating
C. the electrical activity of the heart
D. the sound of the heart beating
Answer: Option C) the electrical activity of the heart
Explanation:
Electrocardiogram is the visual presentation of the electrical currents associated with heart muscle activity.
It helps in understanding and diagnosis of some irregular heart rhythm and abnormalities
Thus, the data recorded is the electrical activity of the heart
An electrocardiogram, or EKG, records the electrical activity of the heart, represented as waves on a graph. It does not record other aspects such as the force of heartbeats, oxygen levels, or heart sounds.
Explanation:An electrocardiogram, also known as an ECG or EKG, records the electrical activity of the heart. It depicts heartbeats as waves on a graph. Electrodes placed on the skin detect each electrical signal associated with a heartbeat, this is represented by the 'P', 'QRS', and 'T' waves on the EKG readout. However, it does not record the force from heart beating, the amount of oxygen in the blood, or the sound of the heart beating.
Learn more about electrocardiogram here:https://brainly.com/question/28163596
#SPJ3
Taxol is a common drug used in cancer treatments that acts as a microtubule stabilizer to inhibit cell division. If a researcher wanted to see how this drug affects development, which model organism would they use and why?
A. Danio rerio, because they are transparent their first two weeks of life
B. C. elegan, because their neurons are completely mapped
C. S. cerevisiae, because they are minimal model eukaryotes
D. Drosophila, because their DNA genome is well known
Answer:
The correct answer is option A.
Explanation:
Taxol or paclitaxel refers to a chemotherapy drug. It is used in the treatment of various different kinds of cancer. It functions by ceasing the cancer cells from distinguishing into two novel cells, that is, it prevents the growth of cancer.
In the given case, the model organism, which a researcher can use is Danio rerio or zebrafish as the eggs get developed outside the body of the mother and this organism is suitable for studying as they share 70 percent of the genes with humans. Apart from this, 84 percent of the genes related to human disease exhibit a zebrafish matching part.
As a vertebrate, the zebrafish possesses the similar prime tissues and organs as humans. Their blood, muscle, eyes, and kidney share various characteristics with the human systems.
temperature. Imagine that when a bacterial cell carrying such a mutation is shifted from low to high growth temperatures, RNA polymerases in the process of elongation complete transcription normally, but no new transcripts can be started. The mutation in this strain most likely affects what feature?
Answer:
Answer is sigma.
Explanation:
The sigma factor can be described as protein regulating transcription in bacteria. That is, it enables the synthesis of RNA at specific locations in DNA. This specific location is known as promoters.
The sigma factor is also known as specificity factor, because, it is specific for the gene.
Transcription can be explained as the process by which genetic information in the DNA strained are copied into a new molecule of mRNA, through the aid of RNA polymerase.
It should be noted that, when there is an increase in pressure, at constant temperature, the stability of elongation complex will decrease. This means that, temperature determines the pressure at which transcription elongation stops.
While in South America, you come across what you think are two groups of birds in the same location. They are nearly identical aside from their color. After years of observation, you conclude that the birds eat similar diets and share similar behaviors but do not reproduce with each other. Are these two groups of birds the same or different species? Explain. - two different species on the basis of reproductive behavior.
Answer:
The two groups of birds are of different species
Explanation:
According to the biological species concept, members of the same species would interbreed successfully to produce viable offspring that are fertile. This concept explains that appearance alone is not enough to use as a yardstick to determine is two groups belong to the same species, and that reproductive barriers tend to make it impossible or both species to interbreed successfully and produce viable and fertile offspring.
On the basis of reproductive behavior, we can conclude that these two groups of birds that are identical, are of different species since they are unable to reproduce with each other.
It is on this same basis that a horse and a donkey is being considered as different species even though they were able to interbreed to produce an offspring, however, the offspring are sterile. They are not considered the same species according to the biological species concept.
A high fever causes an enzyme to lose its three-dimensional structure and function. Which bonds are broken when a protein denatures?
Answer:
The bond which are broken when protein denatures is HYDROGEN bond.
Explanation:
Applying of heat to protein leads to denaturation.
Heat causes an increase in kinetic energy and causes molecules to vibrate rapidly hence disrupting the bond. For instance the protein in Egg denatures and coagulate when is boiled. Foods are cooked so that the protein will be denatured, making it easier for digestive enzymes to act on it in the gut.
Grasses → mice → cat → coyote
A natural disaster of a fire has occurred what could happen to this food chain?
A. The grasses will be gone and all of the consumers will be able to leave.
B. The grasses will be gone and some of the mice will die but the number of cats and coyotes will remain the same.
C. The grasses will be gone but the number of consumers will all stay the same.
D. The grasses will be gone and any surviving consumers will have to look for new resources in that environment.
E. Nothing will happen to this food chain.
The answer is D. The grasses will be gone and any surviving consumer will have to look for new resources in that environment.
Which action best models the role gravity plays in the formation of galaxies?
A. Two bowling balls strike each other and roll apart.
B. Two drops of water drip from a faucet into a sink.
C. Two magnets are pulled toward each other and stick together.
D. Two birds fly out of a nest in opposite directions.
Answer:
C. Two magnets are pulled toward each other and stick together.
Explanation:
Two magnets pulled towards each other and sticking together best describes the role in which gravity plays in the formation of a galaxies.
A galaxy is a constellation of stars formed from a vast dense interstellar cloud of dust particles.
Gravity is a force of attraction between two bodies. The mass of one pulls on the other causes them to come together.
During the formation of galaxies, the interstellar clouds begins to aggregate and pull by the force of gravity. This then causes the dust to collapse leading to series of steps that degenerates into the formation of a galaxy from protostars.
We see that the magnetic force described is a force of attraction that pulls. Gravity is also a force of attraction that pulls bodies with masses.
Answer:
C.
Explanation: I got the answer correct on AP3X
You are hiking in the mountains and the trail goes around the side of the mountain. The trail slopes outwards such that your feet are tilted and one foot is below the other. What are the movements to position your feet that let you walk on the tilted trail?
Answer:
The movement of feet in the position to walk on trail which is tilted is called eversion and inversion movement.
Explanation:
Eversion and inversion movement:
In eversion movement, foot sole rotates away from the midline of body or median plane (turn outwards) while in inversion movement, sole of foot rotates towards the midline of body or median plane (turn inwards).
To walk on a tilted trail, align your feet parallel to the slope, keep the uphill foot higher, and maintain balance by using your muscles and taking shorter steps, while keeping your center of gravity low.
Explanation:Walking on a tilted trail requires adjusting your body and foot placement for stability and balance. It is important to align the feet parallel to the slope of the trail. This often means that the uphill foot should be higher on the slope, and the downhill foot should be lower. As you take a step, shift your weight onto the uphill leg and bring the downhill foot up to meet the other, maintaining a stable stance with your feet at the same relative elevation to the slope. Avoid backwards displacement by taking shorter steps and using your leg muscles to balance the body efficiently.
When moving on steep slopes, such as those with a slope greater than 100%, keep your center of gravity low and expand the base by placing your feet farther apart. Moreover, care should be taken when stepping, as it's the balance and proper alignment of the body that will prevent falling.
DNA stores the information needed to build and control the cell. The transmission of this information from mother to daughter cells is called vertical gene transfer and it occurs through the process of DNA replication. Use the model to explain how the structure of DNA faciltates the process of DNA replication?
A) Two complementary DNA molecules open. Strands from the two are swapped, and the two DNA strands become four.
B) During DNA replication, the molecule unzips and each side provides a template for the new side of the ladder following the base pair rule.
C) Individual nucleotides are carried via mRNA into the nucleus to match each unpaired nitrogen base, exposed during the opening of the DNA molecule.
D) DNA polymerase unzips the DNA molecule. It then reads each strand and sends a signal to tRNA to bring the correct nitrogen base to each exposed site.
Answer:
The correct answer is : B.
Explanation:
DNA replication in prokaryotes involve the following steps :Topoisomerase enzymes are responsible for uncoiling the DNA supercoils.Helicase enzyme unwinds the double stranded DNA into single strands.Primase enzyme generates short RNA primers that are complementary to DNA sequence. DNA polymerase III elongates the primers and produces the daughter strands complementary to the parent strand.DNA polymerase I replace the RNA primers with DNA sequence.DNA Ligase joins the gaps in between the DNA sequences.Answer:
b
Explanation:
i did the usatestprep
You are studying two species of tree frog. The two species are found on two different islands, separated by 200 km of ocean water. Species A lives on very light-colored rocks and species B lives on dark-colored trees. Which process is most unlikely to be affecting allele frequencies in the population?
You are studying two species of tree frog. The two species are found on two different islands, separated by 200 km of ocean water. Species A lives on very light-colored rocks and species B lives on dark-colored trees. Which process is most unlikely to be affecting allele frequencies in the population?
a. Gene flow between populations
b. Genetic drift
c. Natural selection
d. Mutation rates
Answer:
a. Gene flow between populations
Explanation:
Gene flow between two populations occurs when one or a few members of one population migrate into the other and interbreed in the new population. This process adds some new alleles to the new population. In the given example, two populations of a tree frog are separated by 200 km of ocean water. Therefore, the frogs of one population would not be able to migrate into the other population and interbreed. So, gene flow can not affect the allele frequencies of these two populations.
Final answer:
The process least likely to affect allele frequencies in isolated tree frog populations on different islands is gene flow. Barriers like oceans reduce the chance of interbreeding. Other mechanisms such as natural selection and genetic drift could still influence these populations.
Explanation:
The process most unlikely to be affecting allele frequencies in the population of tree frogs on two different islands is gene flow, due to the physical separation of 200 km of ocean water. Since gene flow requires the movement of individuals or gametes between populations and the ocean serves as a substantial barrier, it's highly unlikely for frogs on one island to interbreed with those on another.
Other mechanisms that can affect allele frequencies include natural selection, genetic drift, and mutation. Given the distinct environments (light-colored rocks and dark-colored trees), natural selection could favor different traits in each frog species. Genetic drift could also play a role, especially on small island populations where chance events can have a larger impact on the gene pool.
What is the name of the period from 2 to 8 weeks following fertilization during which significant growth occurs in the major organs and body systems?
Answer:
The correct answer is embroynic stage
Explanation:
The prenatal development is divided into three stages germinal stage, embryonic stage and fetal stage. The period of two weeks after fertilization is called the germinal stage. In this stage, the zygote divided and gets implanted in the uterine wall.
The embryonic stage starts for two weeks and lasts up to 8 weeks after fertilization. At this stage, the cell mass is called embryo. In the embryonic stage, the basic brain structure, CNS, PNS are developed. All the basic organs and body parts develop in this stage except sex organs. So the right answer is the embryonic stage.
Shelly is pessimistic about her future. Her disinterest for everything around her, together with worry and rumination, make it difficult for her to cope with even the most minor of daily events. These symptoms demonstrate which domain of depression?
Answer:
cognitive
Explanation:
The symptoms of depression are characterized into three broad groups
1. Cognitive – The common symptoms observed include constant negative thoughts, pessimism, feeling guilty for all bad happenings around them, thinking of ending their life
2. Behavioral – These include behavioral changes occurring in a person facing depression such as poor hygiene, inefficiency in work, constant crying, anti-social thoughts and behaviour and low energy
3. Emotional – Under this head a person feel sad, lonely, worthless and hopeless.
Final answer:
Shelly's symptoms, characterized by persistent disinterest, worry, rumination, and difficulty with daily tasks, fall within the cognitive domain of depression, typical of major depressive disorder.
Explanation:
The symptoms Shelly is experiencing demonstrate the cognitive domain of depression. Major depressive disorder is characterized by a persistent and all-encompassing low mood, low self-esteem, and anhedonia, which is the loss of interest in previously enjoyable activities. Shelly's disinterest, worry, rumination, and difficulty in coping with daily events are aligned with cognitive symptoms, including poor concentration, feelings of worthlessness, and negative views of herself and the world.
Depressive disorders can cause individuals to struggle with negative self-perception and difficulties in maintaining day-to-day functioning. Shelly's situation outlines the profound impact depression can have on an individual's ability to find pleasure in life and complete daily tasks, pointing towards a possible diagnosis of major depressive disorder.
F a gene is inserted or deleted in a genome, these events can lead to new alleles forming that may cause variation within a species. Which process below most likely causes these events to occur?
Answer:
Mutation
Explanation:
A mutation can be described as any change which occurs in the DNA of an organism. These mutations can be beneficial or harmful for a species of organisms. Mutations are one of the reasons that variations arise among the organisms of a species. If a certain kind of mutation is favored by natural selection, then it can increase in the allele frequency and might completely eradicate the previous wildlife characteristics of a species.
When the base composition of double-stranded DNA from Micrococcus luteus was determined, 37.5% of the bases were found to be cytosine. What is the percentage of adenine in the DNA of this organism?________ % adenine.
Answer:
12.5% Adenine
Explanation:
According to Chargaff who proposed the complementary base pairing rule in DNA, the concentration of bases (purine and pyrimidines) is equal to 100% i.e. A+T+G+C= 100%.
Since Cytosine pairs with Guanine, there would be an equal amount of both in the DNA molecule i.e. Cytosine=Guanine=37.5%
37.5 (C) + 37.5 (G) = 75%
100 - 75 = 25%
Hence, we have 25% left to share among Adenine and Thymine, which will contain equal amount. 25/2 = 12.5%.
Both Adenine and Thymine will have 12.5% each.
During the translation of mRNA molecules, the new polypeptides are often directed to specific parts of the cell by the presence or absence of short sequences of amino acids called signal peptides. Which of the following would you expect to find in the polypeptides that will eventually fold to become enzymes important in the citric acid cycle? Group of answer choices A. no signal peptide B. an amino terminal signal peptide C.an internal signal peptide D.a signal anchor peptide
Answer:
B. an amino terminal signal peptide
Explanation:
The reactions of the citric acid cycle occur in the matrix of mitochondria. Therefore, all the enzymes required for this pathway are present in the matrix of mitochondria. These enzymes are formed on the ribosomes present in the cytosol and are transported into the mitochondria with the help of cytosolic heat shock proteins. The newly formed mitochondrial proteins have signal sequences present at their N terminal. The proteins to be transported into the matrix have a single signal sequence that at N terminal which is removed by a protease once the enzyme enters into the matrix.
Enzymes in the citric acid cycle typically do not require signal peptides for localization within the cell. A. No signal peptide Therefore , A. No signal peptide is correct .
In the process of translation, where mRNA molecules are decoded to form polypeptide chains, the eventual localization of these polypeptides within the cell often involves specific sequences of amino acids known as signal peptides.
These sequences guide the newly formed polypeptide to its destined location within the cell.
When considering enzymes crucial in the citric acid cycle, a central metabolic pathway occurring within mitochondria, we can predict the type of signal peptides associated with their eventual localization.
Enzymes involved in the citric acid cycle, such as citrate synthase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and succinate dehydrogenase, are primarily localized within the mitochondria.
These enzymes play vital roles in energy production through the citric acid cycle.
In this context, the expected signal peptide would be A. no signal peptide.
The enzymes critical to the citric acid cycle do not typically possess a signal peptide guiding them to specific parts of the cell, as they are destined for the mitochondria.
Once synthesized, these polypeptides can enter the mitochondria directly without the need for a guiding signal peptide.
For such a more question on Enzymes
https://brainly.com/question/14577353
#SPJ3
As Wallace traveled the Malay Archipelago, he noticed that western islands had placental mammals, like monkeys. Eastern islands had marsupial mammals, like kangaroos. How did Wallace explain this distribution?
Answer:
The options
A. Marsupial and placental mammals live in different habitats. Monkeys could only survive in the western islands and kangaroos in the eastern islands.
B. Monkeys and tree kangaroos compete against one another and cannot live together.
C. God specially created monkeys on one set of islands and kangaroos on the other.
D. The western islands were once connected to Asia and the eastern islands had been connected to Australia. The islands had never been connected to eachother.
The CORRECT ANSWER IS D.
D. The western islands were once connected to Asia and the eastern islands had been connected to Australia. The islands had never been connected to eachother.
Explanation:
Several forms of animals were restricted to several regions as a result of species that originated from pre-existing, nearby species. Since, the western islands were once all connected, they would possess or show the same species, which are also observed in the mainland in Asia. The eastern islands happened to be once all connected and had the same species, which is located in Australia
Answer:
Through the movements of the continents.
Explanation:
Alfred Russel Wallace was a British scientist who researched evolution and natural selection around the same time as Darwin and some of his papers were published together with Darwin.
The given example in the question, why the western islands had mammals and the eastern islands did not was explained by Wallace as "because the islands were never connected by land before throughout the movements of the continents in the history of the world and therefore the species never had the chance to cross to other islands and evolved seperately."
I hope this answer helps.