Answer:When frozen, water molecules take a more defined shape and arrange themselves in six-sided crystalline structures. The crystalline arrangement is less dense than that of the molecules in liquid form which makes the ice less dense than the liquid water. When water freezes, the volume expands by approximately 9%.
Explanation:
what is the region surrounding the nucleus which is occupied by electrons?????? its a crossword ( _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ C _ _ _ _)
Answer:
Electron cloud
Explanation:
The electron cloud is an informal term in chemistry and physics. This region describes the negatively charged electrons in their orbit surrounding the nucleus in an atom. The nucleus has protons in it that have a positive charge on it. It is not easy to know where exactly an electron in any specific time but the electron cloud helps to know electron is moving in this specific area.
What is a hypothesis?
A. analysis based on an observation.
B. a proposed answer to a question.
C. a conclusion based on analysis.
D. data gathering during an experiment.
Answer:
B
Explanation: it is the correct answer
what is a polar functional group?
I think this is the answer
Final answer:
A polar functional group is a cluster of atoms within a molecule that has polar preferences due to the uneven distribution of electrons, resulting in areas with partial positive and negative charges which enable it to participate in various chemical reactions and interactions with other polar substances, such as water.
Explanation:
A polar functional group is a specific grouping of atoms within a molecule that has a polarized distribution of charges, which means there is an uneven distribution of electron density. This polarity arises because of the presence of electronegative atoms like oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine, which attract electrons more strongly than other types of atoms in the functional group. These groups have partial positive and negative charges at different points and are often involved in chemical reactions due to their ability to interact with other molecules and ions. A classic example of a polar functional group is the hydroxyl group (-OH), common in alcohols and known for being hydrophilic or water-loving, meaning it can form hydrogen bonds with water and dissolve easily in it. Other examples include carbonyl groups (C=O) in ketones and aldehydes, carboxyl groups (-COOH) in amino acids and fatty acids, and phosphate groups (-PO4) often found in DNA and ATP.
1. In order for a chemical reaction to occur, there
must always be
(1) an effective collision between reacting particles
(2) a bond that breaks in a reactant particle
(3) reacting particles with a high charge
(4) reacting particles with high kinetic energy
Final answer:
Chemical reactions require colliding particles with sufficient energy and proper orientation at the time of collision.
Explanation:
Chemical reactions require a few conditions to occur. Firstly, the reactant particles must collide with each other. The more frequent the collisions, the faster the reaction. Secondly, the particles must collide with sufficient energy to break the old bonds. Lastly, the particles must have proper orientation at the time of the collision.
The correct response is (1) an effective collision between reacting particles. For a chemical reaction to occur, reactant particles must collide with correct energy and orientation, surpassing the activation energy.
To answer the question, let's explore the requirements for a chemical reaction to occur according to the collision theory.
Effective collision: Reactant particles must collide with one another. Only collisions that have the correct energy and orientation lead to a reaction.Orientation: The molecules must align in a way that allows bonds to break and new bonds to form.Activation energy: The particles must collide with enough energy to surpass the activation energy barrier, which is the minimum energy needed to initiate the reaction.Given these points, the correct choice is: (1) an effective collision between reacting particles.
Complete the paragraph about the formation of sodium phosphide.
Electrons are transferred from atoms of
and the phosphorus atoms
to atoms of
C. This transfer makes the sodium atoms
As a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly
each other.
Answer:
Electrons are transferred from atoms of (sodium) to atoms of phosphorous
The sodium atom (looses electrons) and the phosphorus atoms
(gains electrons) .
This transfer makes the sodium atoms acquire (positive) charge and phosphorous acquire (negative) charge .
As a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly (attract) with
each other.
Explanation:
In the paragraph about the formation of sodium phosphide: Electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. This transfer makes the sodium atoms acquire positive charge and phosphorous acquire negative charge. As a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.
Between the phosphorous (P) and sodium (Na) atoms, electron transfer occurs to generate sodium phosphide. When phosphorus receives electrons from sodium, sodium loses electrons, leaving sodium ions (Na⁺) with a positive charge and phosphide ions (P³⁻) with a negative charge as a result.
The oppositely charged ions are attracted to one another strongly electrostatically as a result of this charge difference. This kind of link, referred to as an ionic bond, results in the creation of sodium phosphide (Na₃P), a stable molecule in which several sodium ions are completely encircled by phosphide ions, solidly keeping them together in a crystal lattice structure.
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Are all individuals in a population of animals or a population of plants identical
Answer:i’m not sure sorry
Explanation:
What is the mole ratio that can convert from moles of A to moles of B?
To convert from one mass (stuff A) to another (substance B), first convert A's mass to moles, then apply the mole-to-mole conversion factor (B/A).
Convert moles ratio:A's mass to moles, then apply the mole-to-mole conversion factor (B/A), and then convert B's mole quantity back to grams.
There is no straightforward conversion from one substance's mass to that of another. To convert from one mass (stuff A) to another (substance B), first convert A's mass to moles, then apply the mole-to-mole conversion factor (B/A), and then convert B's mole quantity back to grams.
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Patrick is giving a presentation on thermal energy to his class. How can he use the terms endothermic and exothermic to explain the
change in thermal energy from one substance to another? Give an example of each term. EXPLAIN
Answer:
In the study of thermochemical processes, things are viewed from the point of view of the system. A chemical reaction or physical change is endothermic if heat is absorbed by the system from the surroundings. In the course of an endothermic process, the system gains heat from the surroundings and so the temperature of the surroundings decreases. The quantity of heat for a process is represented by the letter q . The sign of q for an endothermic process is positive because the system is gaining heat. A chemical reaction or physical change is exothermic if heat is released by the system into the surroundings. Because the surroundings is gaining heat from the system, the temperature of the surroundings increases. The sign of q for an exothermic process is negative because the system is losing heat.
Explanation:
Patrick can use the terms exothermic and endothermic to explain changes in thermal energy. Exothermic processes release heat into the environment, like burning wood, while endothermic processes absorb heat, like melting ice.
Explanation:Patrick can explain the change in thermal energy from one substance to another using endothermic and exothermic processes. An exothermic process is one in which heat is released into the surrounding environment. An example of this is the burning of wood in a fireplace where heat is given off as the wood burns, increasing the thermal energy in the room. On the other hand, an endothermic process is one in which heat is absorbed from the surroundings. An example is the melting of ice, which takes heat from the surrounding environment, reducing its thermal energy, to change from a solid to a liquid state. By using these terms, Patrick can effectively explain changes in thermal energy.
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what are possible reasons for a percent yield that is under 100%
Answer:
Percentage Yield is given as,
%age Yield = Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield × 100
This shows that the %age yield is directly depending upon the actual yield. And most of the time the percentage yield is less than 100 % because of the following factors.
Impure Starting Materials:
If the starting materials (reactants) are not pure then reaction will not completely form the desired product. Different by products will form which will decrease the %age yield.
Incomplete Reactions:
Not all reactions go to completion. In many reactions the starting material after some time stops forming the product due to different conditions. Some reactions attain equilibrium and stop increasing the amount of product. While, in some reactions a by products (like water) formed often react with the product to give a reverse reactions. Hence, the chemistry of reactions also causes the decrease in %age yield.
Handling:
Another major reason for decrease in yield is handling the product. Always some of the product is lost during the workup of the reaction like, taking TLC, doing solvent extraction, doing column chromatography, taking characterization spectrums. So, we can conclude that the %age yield will always be less than 100%.
the change in state from a solid to a liquid is called
Answer:
melting
Explanation:
What property of metals allows them to be shaped into wires?
Answer:
Ductility
Explanation:
Ductility is the ability of a metal to be converted into a thin wire without getting break and loosing its hardness. The property of Ductility of a metal allows us to make a wider use of them. Some most ductile metals are gold, silver, copper etc. whereas some of the metals with very less ductility are tungsten, steel and other alloys as they are very hard to transform into a thin wire.
A metal with less ductility can be malleable as it can have the ability to be converted into a thin sheet. Not all the metals are ductile but some of them have high ductility, some have less and some of them are non ductile.
what mass in grams, of aluminum fins could 3088J of energy heat from 14.77 degrees C to 26.31 degrees C? Aluminum has a specific heat of 0.897/J (g degrees Celsius)?
Answer:
298.32 grams
Explanation:
Amount of energy required by known amount of a substance to raise its temperature by one degree is called specific heat capacity.
The equation used for this problem is as follow,
Q = m Cp ΔT ----- (1)
Where;
Q = Heat = 3088 J
m = mass = ??
Cp = Specific Heat Capacity = 0.897 J.g⁻¹.°C⁻¹
ΔT = Change in Temperature = 26.31 °C - 14.77 °C = 11.54 °C
Solving eq. 1 for m,
m = Q / Cp ΔT
Putting values,
m = 3088 J / (0.897 J.g⁻¹.°C⁻¹ × 11.54 °C)
m = 298.32 g
The table below shows properties of the element gold (Au).
Property Gold's
Characteristics
Color yellow
Density 19.32 g/mL
Electronegativity 2.54
Ionization Potential 9.225
Boiling Point 2807°C
Melting Point 1064.58°C
A physical property of gold is _______.
A.
density of 19.32 g/mL
B.
melting point of 1064.58°C
C.
boiling point of 2807°C
D.
all of these
Answer:
a) but also wouldn't the physical property of gold be malleable?
Explanation:
Many fuels, such as gasoline and diesel fuel, are hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons are molecules that contain only hydrogen and carbon. Choose all of the criteria below that would make a hydrocarbon a good fuel in terms of enthalpy.
A Hydrocarbons burn to absorb a large amount of energy.
B Burning hydrocarbons produces a lot of energy.
C Breaking carbon-hydrogen and carbon-carbon bonds gives off energy.
D The enthalpy of combustion is a large negative value.
Answer:
Its B, C, and D.
Look at photo for proof.
A hydrocarbon would be a good fuel in terms of enthalpy if it produces a lot of energy when burned and has a large negative enthalpy of combustion. The correct option is (B).
Explanation:In terms of enthalpy, a good fuel would be one that releases a large amount of energy when burned. This means that burning hydrocarbons should produce a lot of energy (option B).
Breaking carbon-hydrogen and carbon-carbon bonds in hydrocarbons actually requires energy, so it doesn't contribute to the enthalpy of combustion (option C).
The enthalpy of combustion is defined as the heat released when one mole of a substance is burned completely in oxygen. Since the combustion of hydrocarbons releases a large amount of heat energy, the enthalpy of combustion is a large negative value (option D).
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Which two elements in group 14 on the periodic table most likely to be malleable and good conductors of electricity
Answer:
Tin & Lead
Explanation:
They are metals and can conduct electricity because their outer electrons are not localized, i.e., they are not bound to specific atoms.
The energy level of electrons in the "conduction band" overlaps that of valence electrons. These electrons are more like a cloud dispersed throughout the piece of metal so that when an electric field is applied, they can move around.
The two element in 14th group of periodic table most likely to be malleable and good conductors of electricity are lead and tin. They are mostly existing in metallic state.
What are conductors ?Conductors are materials that can easily pass electricity through it at normal temperature. Metals are all good conductors. In addition metals have some peculiar features such as malleability, ductility, luster etc.
14th group elements are carbon family. In this group, carbon at normal temperature exists as gas. Silicon and germanium are semiconductors. Lead and tin are metallic in nature and they are malleable as well.
Lead and tin can be shaped and sized as desired and they are used in various electronic devices also because they are good conductors at metallic state. Therefore, tin and lead are the two elements.
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Suppose the boy skipped his lunch for a day how will the hormones from his pancreasls help his body to cope wwhen his blood sugar level drops below normal
Answer:
The hormone glucagon secreted by the pancreatic cells cause the release of glucose from the body's storage.
Explanation:
The pancreas is an organ found inside the abdomen. This organ produces hormones such as:
InsulinGlucagonSomatostatinVasoactive intestinal peptideInsulin and glucagon are considered primary hormones secreted by the pancreas.
Upon skipping a meal, leading to a drop in blood sugar levels, glucagon is secreted by the pancreas. This hormone then acts on the liver to stimulate the conversion of stored up glycogen present in the liver into glucose. This produced glucose is then released into the blood stream, availing the boy glucose for energy.
The hormone of glucagon that is released by pancreas helps the body cope when the blood sugar level drops below normal.
Role of GlucagonThe hormones from his pancreas release glucagon that helps the body to cope when his blood sugar level drops below normal because the body needs energy so it takes the sugar from the storage present inside the body. If blood sugar level falls too low, the pancreas releases glucagon which tells the liver to make more glucose.
Glucagon is a hormone that is responsible for the making of glucose from the stored energy in the body so we can conclude that the hormone of glucagon that is released by pancreas helps the body cope when the blood sugar level drops below normal.
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Natural selection is the primary mechanism of _______.
A.
reproduction
B.
biodiversity
C.
adaptation
D.
evolution
Answer:
the answer is evolution the other person made me get it wrong
Explanation:
Individuals within populations exhibit some diversity. As a result of possessing slightly different traits, some individuals are better able to survive and reproduce than others. As these individuals are naturally selected, changes in the characteristics of the populations may occur over time. The cumulative change in these characteristics is known as evolution.
So, natural selection is the primary mechanism for evolution.
MARK ME BRAINLIEST.
YOUR WELCOME
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Evolution
In the mathematical equation showing that pressure (P) multiplied by volume (V) remains equal to a constant (k) pressure and volume are ___________ proportional
Answer:
Inversely
Explanation:
pV = k
When p increases, V must decrease for k to remain constant.
When V increases, p must decrease for k to remain constant.
When the product of two variables is a constant, they are inversely proportional to each other.
A photon detector captures a photon with an energy of 5.45 ✕ 10^−19 J. What is the wavelength, in nanometers, of the photon?
Answer:
364 nm
Explanation:
The formula for the energy (E) of a photon in terms of its wavelength λ is
E = hc/λ
We can rearrange this formula to give
λ = hc/E
If E = 5.45 × 10⁻¹⁹ J, then
[tex]\begin{array}{rcl}\lambda& = & \dfrac{6.626 \times 10^{-34} \text{ J$\cdot$s} \times 2.998 \times 10^{8}\text{ m$\cdot$ s}^{-1}} {5.45 \times 10^{19} \text{ J}}\\\\& = & 3.64 \times 10^{-7} \text{ m}\\& = & \textbf{364 nm}\\\end{array}\\[/tex]
Watch It!
#3
After watching the examples
in the video of radiation, list 2
other examples that you
come up with on your own.
Answer:
ybvh8idXG)FYVn8jieowsdxcjv 8mis9kobh
Explanation:
Why is it not to use resolidified sample in melting point determination
Answer:
It is advisable to use a fresh sample and not a re-solidified one when determining melting point of a substance because when the sample is melted once, it changes its crystal lattice structure to a certain extent. This can cause it to melt at a different temperature the second time around, which will not be an accurate reading.
Explanation:
The temperature at which a substance changes state from its solid form to its liquid form is known as the melting point for that substance. At this temperature, a pure substance will have both its solid as well as liquid states existing in equilibrium with each other.
When a pure, crystalline sample is melted the first time to determine its melting point, its crystal lattice structure gets distorted to a certain extent with the rising temperature. Even if cooled and re-solidified, this original crystalline structure will not melt at the same temperature it did earlier. This is because its crystal lattice is different this time around, leading to an incorrect melting point reading.
How do energy transformations occur in a hydroelectric plant?
A.The kinetic energy of water is converted by a generator into electric energy.
B.The potential energy of water is converted by a transformer into electric energy.
C.The potential energy of water is converted to mechanical energy by a turbine.
D.The kinetic energy of water is converted by a dam into potential energy.
Next
Answer:
A.The kinetic energy of water is converted by a generator into electric energy.
Explanation:
Hydroelectric plant will need a source of flowing water. Water flow to lower ground because of gravity. The gravity will convert potential energy of water that located in higher ground into kinetic energy. These flowing water will be used to move the turbin that will in turn produce electrical energy.
So, the hydroelectric plant is converting the kinetic energy of water into electric energy.
Answer: A: The kinetic energy of water is converted be a generator into electric energy.
Explanation: I took the quiz!
Giving Brainliest
What type of rock is pumice? Describe how a pumice rock is likely to change over a long period of time.
Answer:
Pumice is pyroclastic igneous rock that was almost completely liquid at the moment of effusion and was so rapidly cooled that there was no time for it to crystallize. When it solidified, the vapors dissolved in it were suddenly released, the whole mass swelling up into a froth that immediately consolidated.
With time the pumice rocks undergoes with several changes including weathering, erosion, and transportation. The extent of heat and pressure, making the sediments of the pumice rocks into metamorphic rocks distinct in the chemical and physical composition of the parent material
How to balance K2SO4+BaCl2= BaSO4+KCl
Answer:
The answer is K2SO4 + BaCl2 = BaSO4 + 2KCl
Explanation:
First, you can do it by looking how many chlorine is being used. As you can see that 2 chlorine is being used so you are sure that 2 chloine is in the right side.
Secondle, there are also 2 potassium in the left side so there must be also 2 potassium in the right side.
K2 + Cl2 = K2Cl2 (to make it beautiful)
= 2KCl (you can take out 2, just similar to factorisation)
(Hope this can help)
Final answer:
The balanced equation for the reaction between K2SO4 and BaCl2 to produce BaSO4 and KCl is K2SO4(aq) + BaCl2(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2KCl(aq). BaSO4 is an insoluble precipitate, and the balance is achieved by having 2 moles of KCl in the products to match the potassium atoms.
Explanation:
To balance the chemical equation K2SO4(aq) + BaCl2(aq) → BaSO4(s) + KCl(aq), we need to ensure that the number of atoms of each element on the reactant side is equal to the number on the product side. Initially, we have 2 potassium (K) atoms on the reactant side and only 1 potassium atom on the product side. We also have 1 barium (Ba) atom, 1 sulfate (SO4) group, 2 chloride (Cl) atoms on the reactant side, and the same on the product side. To balance the equation, we simply need to adjust the coefficient in front of KCl to 2, as shown in the balanced equation:
K2SO4(aq) + BaCl2(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2KCl(aq)
By doing this, we ensure that the number of potassium atoms is now 2 on both sides, and the chlorides are also balanced with 2 atoms on each side. The product BaSO4 is insoluble and will form a precipitate, while the other products remain in solution.
Is a stick of dynamite potential energetic or kinetic
Answer:Potential Energy
Explanation:
It is because a stick dynamite is a stored energy which have to be acted upon(lighting it) for it to explode
Answer:
Potential Energy
Explanation:
Potential energy is stored energy, whereas kinetic energy is energy resulting from an object's motion. Considering the stick of dynamite has not been set off, and there is not motion, it has stored energy. Thus, it is potential energy.
How many molecules are there in 4.00 moles C3H6O3
HELP!
[tex]2.4088 \times 10^{24} \text { molecules }[/tex] are there in [tex]4.00 \text { moles } C_{3} H_{6} O_{3}[/tex]
Explanation:
One mole = [tex]6.022 \times 10^{23}[/tex] (Applicable to the substances like ions, molecules, or atoms). This specified number is called as Avogadro's constant or number. This idea helps us to convert number of moles of a substance to the number of molecules, multiply moles by Avogadro's number, [tex]6.022 \times 10^{23}[/tex]
Given:
[tex]4.00 \text { moles } C_{3} H_{6} O_{3}[/tex]
To find the number of molecules in it
By using Avogadro’s number, convert given moles into molecules as below,
[tex]\text { 4.00 moles } C_{3} H_{6} O_{3} \times \frac{6.022 \times 10^{23} \text { molecules }}{1 \text { mole } C_{3} H_{6} O_{3}}[/tex]
By solving the above, we get
[tex]Number of molecules of $C_{3} H_{6} O_{3}=24.088 \times 10^{23}$[/tex]
[tex]Number\ of\ molecules\ of\ C_{3} H_{6} O_{3}=2.4088 \times 10^{24}\ molecules\ C_{3} H_{6} O_{3}[/tex]
How many molecules of O2 will be formed from 34.35 grams of KClO3?
Answer:
8
Explanation:
An object with a mass of 6.0 kg accelerates 4.0 m/s^2 when an unknown force is applied to it. What is the amount of the force?
Answer: 24 N
Explanation: solution attached:
F = ma
= 6.0 kg ( 4.0 m/s²)
= 24 N
if your hot pack requires 3.0g of a solid to obtain the correct temperature change, instead of the correct amount (1.4g) calculate the percent error
Answer:
MethodsPart A – Preparation of reference hot or cold packsEach group had either hot packs (CaCl2) or cold packs (NH4NO3). Each hot/cold pack was prepared in 20.0mL of water. We used a beaker to consistently measure 20.0mL of water for each trial. We then placed 20.0mL of deionized water in a 100mL beaker. The initial temperature of thewater was measured. My lab partner and I added about 1.0 grams of calcium chloride for hot packs. After the calcium chloride was added, we stirred gently with the glass stirring rod until the solid dissolved. While doing so, we kept the thermometer in the solution and recorded the final temperature change. We monitored the temperature change closely and recorded the maximum temperature. Once that was recorded, we disposed of the solution and dried the glassware carefully. We repeated step 2 again, using 4.0 grams of solid and 8.0 grams of solid. Before beginning Part B, we completed results # 1-2.Part B- Preparation of desired hot or cold packAfter completing results #1-2, we used the answer from results #2 to prepare a 20.0mL hot pack that reached the desired temperature. Once, finished our results were shared on the board. On the board, we reported our data to the class for “grams of solid used” and “final temperature reached”.
Explanation:
What is the percent by mass of hydrogen in, C9H6O3
Hey there!
Molar mass of ( C₉H₆O₃ ) = 162.14 g/mol
atomic mass H = 1.007 amu
Therefore :
H% = atomic mass H / molar mass ( C₉H₆O₃ ) x 100
H % = ( 1.007 / 162.14 ) x 100 =
H% = 0.00621 x 100 =
H% = 0.621