Answer:
Option (4)
Explanation:
The primitive atmosphere was comprised of lesser or no amount of oxygen. With the progressive time, primitive organisms appeared such as the primitive aquatic plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, that carried out the process of photosynthesis in the presence of sunlight, water, and CO₂, and in return produced the food and oxygen. This is how the rapid photosynthesis process led to the increasing amount of oxygen in the atmosphere that facilitates the growth and evolution of different life forms on earth.
Thus, the correct answer is option (4).
Explain the difference between an endpoint and equivalence point in a titration
Answer:
Endpoint is point in which indicator change the color, and equivalence point is point in which there is equal amount of two chemicals. Endpoint is after Equivalence point.
Explanation:
To know the end point we use phenolphthalein as indicator. Therefore, endpoint is point in which indicator change the color, and equivalence point is point in which there is equal amount of two chemicals.
What is titration?Titration is a technique by which we know the concentration of unknown solution using titration of this solution with solution whose concentration is known. To know the end point we use phenolphthalein as indicator. End point is a point where completion of reaction happen.
Endpoint is point in which indicator change the color, and equivalence point is point in which there is equal amount of two chemicals. Endpoint is after Equivalence point.
Therefore, endpoint is point in which indicator change the color, and equivalence point is point in which there is equal amount of two chemicals.
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You add 4.7 gg iron to 27.10 mL of water and observe that the volume of iron and water together is 27.70 mLmL . Calculate the density of iron.
Answer : The density of iron is, 7.8 g/mL
Explanation : Given,
Mass of iron = 4.7 g
Volume of water = 27.10 mL
Volume of water and iron = 27.70 mL
First we have to calculate the volume of iron.
Volume of iron = Volume of water and iron - Volume of water
Volume of iron = 27.70 mL - 27.10 mL
Volume of iron = 0.6 mL
Now we have to calculate the density of iron.
[tex]\text{Density of iron}=\frac{\text{Mass of iron}}{\text{Volume of iron}}[/tex]
Now put all the given values in this expression, we get:
[tex]\text{Density of iron}=\frac{4.7g}{0.6mL}[/tex]
[tex]\text{Density of iron}=7.8g/mL[/tex]
Thus, the density of iron is, 7.8 g/mL
State the number of solutions for Matrix B. a. No Solution b. One Solution c. Infinitely Many Solutions
Answer:
C. Infinitely Many Solutions
Explanation:
No solution case : This is the case when all given variables are not equal to any constant, for example: there is one row of zeros in matrix e.g 0=3. matrix B don't have any zero row. So, Not True.
One Solution case: This is the case when all variables are independent variables like if they are equal to some constant. e.g x=1,y=2,z=4 , Matrix B have more than one variable in first row due to which it made equation look like x+y=-5. so matrix B can't have only one solution. So, Not True.
Infinitely Many Solutions case: when there is one or more variables which is not equal to any constant and acting as linearly dependent variable, then that matrix have infinite solutions. Matrix B have that variable which is linearly dependent as show in the attachment solution. So, True.
If an oxygen nucleus consists of eight protons and eight neutrons, the charge on that nucleus is positive. Since even I learned in high school that like charges repel, such a nucleus would find all its positive protons repelling and quickly fall apart." How would you answer his argument?
Answer:
The binding energy present in the atomic nucleus that holds the protons and the neutrons together and its magnitude is one million times stronger than the electron binding energy in small atoms
Explanation:
The minimum required force to dismember an atomic nucleus into its constituent components, of protons and nucleus (collectively called nucleons) in known as the nuclear binding energy.
Energy is required in separating the nucleons hence the binding energy of a nucleus is always positive
According to Einstein's Energy and light relation E = mc², when a nucleus is formed from the number of free protons and neutrons, the sum of their individual masses is more than the mass of the formed atomic nucleus. The mass deficit of the neutron, also known as the 'missing mass' or mass defect indicates the amount of energy released in forming of the nucleus which therefore has different characteristics from its constituents as mentioned above
The amount of mass that is equivalent to the binding energy of the nucleus as shown in the Einstein's equation (E=mc²) is represented by the missing mass or mass defect of the formed nucleus or the difference in mass between the nuclear mass and that of the sum of the individual masses of its constituent protons and neutrons
Which states of matter can flow?
1) gas and liquid
2) gas
3) gas, liquid, and solids
4) liquid
Answer:
1) Gas and Liquid
Explanation:
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How much heat (in joules) is required to raise the temperature of 30.0 kg of water from 15o C to 95o C?
Answer : The amount of heat required is, [tex]1.004\times 10^6J[/tex]
Explanation :
Formula used :
[tex]q=m\times c\times (T_{final}-T_{initial})[/tex]
where,
q = heat required = ?
m = mass of water = 30.0 kg = 3000 g
c = specific heat of water = [tex]4.184J/g^oC[/tex]
[tex]T_{final}[/tex] = final temperature = [tex]95^oC[/tex]
[tex]T_{initial}[/tex] = initial temperature = [tex]15^oC[/tex]
Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:
[tex]q=3000g\times 4.184J/g^oC\times (95-15)^oC[/tex]
[tex]q=1004160J=1.004\times 10^6J[/tex]
Thus, the amount of heat required is, [tex]1.004\times 10^6J[/tex]
Final answer:
To raise the temperature of 30.0 kg of water from 15°C to 95°C, 10,041,600 joules of heat energy are required. This is calculated using the product of the mass of the water, the specific heat capacity of water, and the change in temperature.
Explanation:
The amount of heat transfer required to change the temperature of a substance can be calculated using the formula Q = mcΔT, where Q is the heat energy in joules, m is the mass of the substance in kilograms, c is the specific heat capacity (for water it's 4,184 J/kg/°C), and ΔT is the change in temperature in degrees Celsius.
For the given problem of raising the temperature of 30.0 kg of water from 15°C to 95°C, the temperature change (ΔT) is 95°C - 15°C = 80°C. The calculation would be as follows: Q = (30.0 kg) × (4,184 J/kg/°C) ×(80°C).
Calculation:
Q = 30.0 kg × 4,184 J/kg/°C * 80°CQ = 125,520 kg·°C ×J/kg/°CQ = 10,041,600 JTherefore, the heat required is 10,041,600 joules.
A waterbed mattress has the following dimensions: 210 cm X 160 cm X 25 cm. The density of water is 62.4lb/ft3. What is the weight of the bed in pounds?
Answer: The weight of water bed in pounds is 1850.16 lb
Explanation:
To calculate the volume of cuboid, we use the equation:
[tex]V=lbh[/tex]
where,
V = volume of cuboid
l = length of cuboid = 210 cm
b = breadth of cuboid = 160 cm
h = height of cuboid = 25 cm
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]V=210\times 160\times 25=8.4\times 10^5cm^3=29.65ft^3[/tex] (Conversion factor: [tex]1cm^3=3.53\times 10^{-5}ft^3[/tex] )
To calculate the mass of waterbed, we use the equation:
[tex]\text{Density of substance}=\frac{\text{Mass of substance}}{\text{Volume of substance}}[/tex]
Density of waterbed = [tex]62.4lb/ft^3[/tex]
Volume of waterbed = [tex]29.65ft^3[/tex]
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]62.4lb/ft^3=\frac{\text{Mass of waterbed}}{29.65ft^3}\\\\\text{Mass of waterbed}=(62.4lb/ft^3\times 29.65ft^3)=1850.16lb[/tex]
Hence, the weight of water bed in pounds is 1850.16 lb
If the vapor pressure of a liquid is less than the atmospheric pressure, the liquid will not boil. TRUE FALSE
Answer: The given statement is true.
Explanation:
Boiling point is defined as the point at which vapor pressure of a substance becomes equal to atmospheric pressure. During this point, the liquid changes into vapor state and temperature remains constant till all the liquid changes into vapor state.
Vapor pressure is defined as the pressure exerted by vapors or gas on the surface of a liquid.
Thus, we can conclude that the statement if the vapor pressure of a liquid is less than the atmospheric pressure, the liquid will not boil, is true.
It took 38.33 mL of 0.0944 M HCl to titrate (react completely with) the ammonia. What is the concentration of the original ammonia solution?
The question is incomplete, here is the complete question:
A 50.60 mL sample of an ammonia solution is analyzed by titration with HCl. The reaction is given below.
[tex]NH_3(aq.)+H^+(aq.)\rightarrow NH_4^+(aq.)[/tex]
It took 38.33 mL of 0.0944 M HCl to titrate (react completely with) the ammonia. What is the concentration of the original ammonia solution?
Answer: The concentration of original ammonia solution is 0.0715 M
Explanation:
To calculate the concentration of base, we use the equation given by neutralization reaction:
[tex]n_1M_1V_1=n_2M_2V_2[/tex]
where,
[tex]n_1,M_1\text{ and }V_1[/tex] are the n-factor, molarity and volume of acid which is HCl
[tex]n_2,M_2\text{ and }V_2[/tex] are the n-factor, molarity and volume of base which is [tex]NH_3[/tex]
We are given:
[tex]n_1=1\\M_1=0.0944M\\V_1=38.33mL\\n_2=1\\M_2=?M\\V_2=50.60mL[/tex]
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]1\times 0.0944\times 38.33=1\times M_2\times 50.60\\\\M_2=\frac{1\times 0.0944\times 38.33}{1\times 50.60}=0.0715M[/tex]
Hence, the concentration of original ammonia solution is 0.0715 M
Water's ability to dissolve a wide variety of molecules is important, but more important is the hydrophobic effect, which drives the aggregation of nonpolar molecules and plays a role in the folding of proteins and formation of lipid bilayers. What forces drive the hydrophobic effect?a. Decreased entropy of water is the largest driving force.b. Water repels the hydrophobic molecules. c. Increased entropy of water is the largest driving force. d. Hydrophobic molecules are attracted to each other.
Answer:
d. Hydrophobic molecules are attracted to each other.
Explanation:
The term “hydrophobic effect” is associated with the spontaneous tendency of macromolecules, such as proteins, to prefer a conformation in an aqueous medium, with hydrophobic groups facing the interior of the mac romolecule, favoring attractive intramolecular interactions, and hydrophilic groups exposed on the surface, for maximize interactions with water molecules in the medium. This is because the hydrophobic molecules are attracted to each other, allowing them to turn inward.
At what speed, in meters per second, does the Moon recoil after the perfectly inelastic collision? The mass of the Moon is 7.36 × 1022 kg?
Answer:The moon will recoil at 1.019×10^-6m/s
Explanation:To determine the recoil velocity of the moon after the inelastic collisions
Given:
Mass of moon=7.36×10^22kg=m1
Mass of asteroids = 5×10^12=m2
Initial velocity of moon =0
Initial velocity of asteroids =15km/s=15000m/s
The law of conservation of momentum is given as
M1v1 + m2v2 =(m1+m2)v'
O + m2v2= (m1 +m2)v'
V'=m2v2/(m1+m2)
V'=(5×10^22)×15000/(7.36×10^22)+(5×10^12)
V'=1.019×10^-6m/s
Answer:
The moon will recoil at the speed of 1.019×10^-6 m/s the whole mass
Explanation:
Mass of moon=7.36×10^22kg=m1
Mass of asteroids = 5×10^12=m2
Initial velocity of moon =0
Initial velocity of asteroids =15km/s=15000m/s
The law of conservation of momentum is given as
M1v1 + m2v2 =(m1+m2)v'
0 + m2v2= (m1 +m2)v'
V'=m2v2/(m1+m2)
V'=(5×10^22)×15000/(7.36×10^22)+(5×10^12)
V'=1.019×10^-6m/s
Please find the attached picture to get the full explanation.
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100. mg of an unknown protein are dissolved in enough solvent to make 5.00mL of solution. The osmotic pressure of this solution is measured to be 0.0766 atm at 25.0 degree C . Calculate the molar mass of the protein. Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.
Answer:
molar mass is [tex]6.39\times10^3\ g/mol[/tex]
Explanation:
Osmotic pressure is related with concentration as follows:
[tex]\pi =CRT[/tex]
Where, C is concentration or molarity , R is gas constant and T is temperature.
Osmostic pressure given is 0.0766 atm
R is [tex]0.0821 L \ atm \ K^{1}mol^{-1}[/tex]
T = 25 + 273 = 298 K
Rearrange the above equation to calculate concetration of the solution as follows:
C = P/RT
[tex]C=\frac{0.0766}{0.0821 \times 298} \\=0.00313\ M[/tex]
molarity = moles/volume in L
moles = molarity × volume in L
volume = 5.00 mL = 0.005 L
moles = 0.00313 × 0.005
=[tex]1.565 \times 10^{-5}[/tex]
[tex]molar\ mass=\frac{mass\ in\ g}{moles} \\=\frac{0.1\ g}{1.565\times 10^{-5}mol} \\=6.389\times 10^3\ g/mol\\[/tex]
Therefore, molecular mass of protein is [tex]6.39\times10^3\ g/mol[/tex]
Which sequence of events is required to form a limestone cave where you can walk around and observe cave formations, such as stalactites?
Answer:
Which sequence of events is required to form a limestone cave where you can walk around and observe cave formations, such as stalactites? (Note: stalactites hang from the ceiling - they have to hold on tight to the roof.)
A geological sequence of events as involving the lowering of the water table to expose cave structures where stalactites and stalagmites form which is described as follows,
Explanation:
1. Acidic percolated water formed cavities of solution beneath the natural water table known as phreatic zone
2. After the passage of time there is a drop in the water table dropped forming caves from cavities
3. These caves, which are air filled voids that contains adequate environment for forming stalactites and stalagmites and where they are found
How does William Jennings Bryan respond to the criticism that the free and unlimited coinage of silver will disrupt ""business interests""?
Answer:
He responded by saying their business definition was far too narrow.
Explanation:
Williams Bryan relates the battle for free silver with the revolution in the United States.
His iconic "Cross of Gold" address ignited the Democratic National Convention in 1896 where he begged the american people not to be "crucified on the cross of gold." He was said this because of the Republicans plan to introduce a firm gold standard and abolish silver coinage.
If the amount of energy required to break bonds in the reactants is more than the amount of energy released in forming bonds in the products, then the reaction will have a negative change in enthalpy (−ΔH).
True
False
Answer:
The given statement is false.
Explanation:
Endothermic reactions are defined as the reactions in which energy of products is more than the energy of the reactants. In these reactions, energy is absorbed by the system.
The total enthalpy of the reaction [tex](\Delta H)[/tex] comes out to be positive.
Exothermic reactions are defined as the reactions in which energy of reactants is more than the energy of the products. In these reactions, energy is released by the system.
The total enthalpy of the reaction [tex](\Delta H)[/tex] comes out to be negative.
A is a homogenous mixture of particles so small they cannot be seen and will not settle to the bottom of their container. a. colloid c. suspension b. solution d. heterogenous
Answer: solution
Explanation:
What is the limiting factor in determining the accumulation of siliceous ooze/calcareous ooze, respectively?
Answer:
productivity and water depth
Explanation:
The productivity and the depth of water are both equally important as it directly affects the accumulation of biogenic sediments such as the siliceous ooze and calcareous ooze. In the equator and the coastal upwelling areas, and at the site of divergence of oceans, there occurs a high rate and amount of productivity, and these are considered to be the primary productivity.
The siliceous oozes are a good indicator of extensively high productivity in comparison to the carbonate oozes. The main reason behind this is that the silica can be easily dissolved in the surface water. On the other hand, the carbonates dissolve at a relatively lower ocean water depth, so there requires a high amount of surface productivity in order to allow these siliceous oozes to reach the ocean bottom.
Thus, the water depth and productivity, both are considered as the limiting factor in determining the accumulation of biogenic oozes.
A 50 W engine generates 50 J of energy. How long did it run for?
A. 10 s
B. 1 s
C. 5 s
D. 100 s
Answer: A Explanation:
The diameter of a biscuit is approximately 51 millimeters (mm). An atom of bismuth (Bi) is approximately 320. picometers (pm) in diameter. Calculate the number of bismuth atoms needed to span the diameter of a biscuit in a line. Express your answer in scientific notation, showing the correct number of significant figures. (Enter your answer using one of the following formats: 1.2e-3 for 0.0012 and 1.20e+2 for 120. 1 m = 103 mm = 1012 pm)
Answer:
1.5e+8 atoms of Bismuth.
Explanation:
We need to calculate the ratio of the diameter of a biscuit respect to the diameter of the atom of bismuth (Bi):
[tex] \\ \frac{diameter\;biscuit}{diameter\;atom(Bi)}[/tex]
For this, it is necessary to know the values in meters for any of these diameters:
[tex] \\ 1m = 10^{3}mm = 1e+3mm[/tex]
[tex] \\ 1m = 10^{12}pm = 1e+12pm[/tex]
Having all this information, we can proceed to calculate the diameters for the biscuit and the atom in meters.
Diameter of an atom of Bismuth(Bi) in meters1 atom of Bismuth = 320pm in diameter.
[tex] \\ 320pm*\frac{1m}{10^{12}pm} = 3.20*10^{-10}m[/tex]
Diameter of a biscuit in meters[tex] \\ 51mm*\frac{1}{10^{3}mm} = 51*10^{-3}m = 5.1*10^{-2}m [/tex]
Resulting RatioHow many times is the diameter of an atom of Bismuth contained in the diameter of the biscuit? The answer is the ratio described above, that is, the ratio of the diameter of the biscuit respect to the diameter of the atom of Bismuth:
[tex] \\ Ratio_{\frac{biscuit}{atom}}= \frac{5.1*10^{-2}m}{3.20*10^{-10}m}[/tex]
[tex] \\ Ratio_{\frac{biscuit}{atom}}= \frac{5.1}{3.20}\frac{10^{-2}}{10^{-10}}\frac{m}{m}[/tex]
[tex] \\ Ratio_{\frac{biscuit}{atom}}= \frac{5.1}{3.20}\frac{10^{-2}}{10^{-10}}\frac{m}{m}[/tex]
[tex] \\ Ratio_{\frac{biscuit}{atom}}= 1.5*10^{-2+10}[/tex]
[tex] \\ Ratio_{\frac{biscuit}{atom}}= 1.5*10^{8}=1.5e+8[/tex]
In other words, there are 1.5e+8 diameters of atoms of Bismuth in the diameter of the biscuit in question or simply, it is needed to put 1.5e+8 atoms of Bismuth to span the diameter of a biscuit in a line.
A concrete pile from a waterfront pier was pulled from the harbor water at port hueneme california. It's dimensions we're 14in x 14 in x 15in. a. What is the surface area expressed in square feet of a single face of the pile
The surface area expressed in square feet of a single face of a pile is 1.45 square feet.
Explanation:
The dimensions of the pillar are given as 14 in [tex]\times[/tex] 14 in
(1 feet = 12 inch)
According to the pillar dimensions mentioned in the problem, the length of the pillar should be 15 inches, height by 14 inches and the width by 14 inches.
There will be two surface areas of the concrete pile, one implies side surface area and the other is end surface area.
For calculating the side surface area,
Area of the side surface = 14 in [tex]\times[/tex] 15 in
= [tex]14 in.[/tex] [tex]\times[/tex] [tex]\frac{1 ft.}{12 in.}[/tex]
= 1.16 [tex]\times[/tex] 1.25
= 1.45 square feet.
(In the given question, only a single face is asked so there is no need to find the surface area of the end face.)
The surface area of the side face of the given pile is 1.45 ft². The surface area is the area of all surfaces in a 3D object such as a pillar, ball, etc.
What is surface area?The surface area is the area of all surfaces in a 3D object such as a pillar, ball, etc.
A pillar has two types of faces, side face and end phase with dimensions 14x14 and 14x15.
The dimentions of the pile,
Length - 14 inches = 1.16 ft
Width - 14 inches = 1.16 ft
height - 15 inches = 1.25 ft.
So, the surface area of a side face will be
As = 1.16 ft x 1.25 ft
As = 1.45 ft²
Therefore, the surface area of the side face of the given pile is 1.45 ft².
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N2(g) + 3 H2(g) ⇌ 2 NH3(g) + Energy
For the reaction of nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas to make methane, what stresses would shift the equilibrium to the left toward the reactants?
Answer:
The answer to your question is below
Explanation:
Reaction
N₂ + 3H₂ ⇔ 2 NH₃ + energy
a) The concentration of NH₃, if the concentration of NH₃ increases, the reaction will move to the left.
b) Diminishing the temperature, no more energy will be released and the reaction will move to the reactants.
The following equation lnN - N₀ = -kt Of time t is plotted on x-axis and lnN is plotted on y-axis, what are the slopes and y-intercept algebraically? Hint: lnN = lnN - LnN₀
Answer:
-k slope
The term No is the y intercept(does not mean NO) y-intercept
Explanation:
For a straight line graph, the normal equation could be written as
y = mx + c
Where m is the slope and c is the y intercept.
Writing the equation is the form of y = mx + c gives the following;
lnN = -kt + No
As obtained from the question, t is plotted in the x-axis, while lnN is the plot on the y-axis.
Now, we are asked to obtain the slope and the y-intercept. It can be seen that the slope is the coefficient of the term x in this case t. Hence, our slope is -k.
The y-intercept is the other term which in this case is No
A person doing a chin-up weighs 535 N, exclusive of the arms. During the first 25.4 cm of the lift, each arm exerts an upward force of 394 N on the torso. The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s 2 . If the upward movement starts from rest, what is the person’s velocity at this point? Answer in units of m/s.
Answer:
person’s velocity at this point = 1.535m/s
Explanation:
The detailed steps and appropriate substitution is as shown in the attachment.
You conduct an experiment in which you measure the temperature (T) and volume (V) of a mysterious sphere of gas at several different temperatures. The sphere can expand or shrink to any volume without changing the pressure of the gas inside. As a result of your experiment, you find that the volume (V) of the gas divided by its temperature (T) is always equal to 1.75. What would the volume (V) of the gas be at a temperature of 300K? (assume the unit for volume is liters) Show your work and answer the question with a clear statement. Show each step of your calculations for full points. After showing your calculations, answer the question with a clear statement.
Volume of the gas at 300K will be 525l itres.
Explanation:According to Charles' law, the volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its absolute temperature when the pressure of the gas is constant.
Here the V/T is given to be constant and equal to 1.75.
The temperature of the gas = T = 300K.
Let the volume of the gas be V liters.
So according to the question,
V / T = 1.75.
So,V / 300 = 1.75.
So, V = 300 × 1.75.
Or, V = 525 litres.
So, the volume of the gas at 300K will be 525 litres.
The Volume of the gas at 300K will be 525l liters.
Charles law:As per Charles' law, the volume of gas should be inversely proportional to the absolute temperature at the time when the pressure of the gas is constant.
Calculation of the volume of the gas:Here the V/T should be constant and equivalent to 1.75.
The temperature of the gas = T = 300K.
Also, we assume that the volume of the gas is V liters.
So,
V / T = 1.75.
V / 300 = 1.75.
V = 300 × 1.75.
V = 525 litres.
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Make a drawing of the particles in an NaCl solution to show why this solution conducts electricity. Make a drawing of the particles in an NaCl crystal to show why pure salt does not conduct.
Answer:
See the image attached. It is taken from an online chemistry textbook.See the explanation below.Explanation:
Sodium chloride consits of sodium cations (positive ions), Na⁺, and chloride anions (negative ions), CL⁻.
Pure sodium chloride is packed in crystals: sodium ions and chloride ions are packed together and the ions are in fixed positions. There are not free electrons that can move. Thus, sodium chloride doesn't conduct electricity, because there are no electrons or ions which are free to move.
In aqueous solution, sodium chloride units dissociates into their ions:
[tex]NaCl\rightarrow Na^++Cl^-[/tex]
Those ions are freely to move in the solution, and such they are charge carriers, which conduct the electricity.
As explained above, in solid sodium chloride, the ions cannot move and there is not flow of current.
That is why solid pure salt of NaCl does not conduct electricity and the solutions of NaCl do conduct electricity.
The image attached show both diagrams. In the diagram A, the ions are packed together, showing that they cannot move. In the diagram B, the ions are dissolved in water, showing that they can move and carry the charge, allowing the flow of current.
Cab someone pls help me? I don't understand this
1. From Part 2 of the lab activity, plot a graph of volume vs. temperature (in kelvins) with the two data points that resulted from your experiment. Draw a straight line connecting the two points, thus assuming a linear relationship between volume and temperature.
The x-intercept corresponds to where the volume would be zero and the temperature can be no lower, defined as absolute zero. Absolute zero is 0 K. Compare your results to those expected. How close to absolute zero was your intercept? Why might your value be different from absolute zero?
Answer:
The activity consists on:
1. Lab activity
During the lab you will measure the volume of a gas at two different temperatures and record the results pairing each volume with its temperature. For instance, in the form of ordered pairs (Temperature, Volume).Let's do an hypothetical case in which you measured an initial temperature of 23ºC and the respective volume of 2 liter: (23, 2) is the first point. Then, you heated the sample of gas up to 80ºC and measured a volume of 2.4 liters.Your lab activity ends.
2. Plot a graph volume vs temperature (in kelvins) with the two data points that resulted from your experiment:
a) First convert the temperatures in ºC to kelvins:
[tex]Kelvin=\ºC+273.15[/tex]
[tex]T_1=23\ºC+273.15=296.15[/tex]
[tex]T_2=80\ºC+273.15=353.15[/tex]
b) Your points, now, are: (296.15, 2) and (353.15, 2.4)
c) Prepare your graph paper
Label the vertical volume in liters (dependent variable)Label the horizonal axis as temperature in kelvins (independent variable)You will not have enough precision to mark the decimals for the temperature; so, use only the integer part of the temperature, i.e. 296 and 353.Select and adequate scale for the temperature, in kelvins. For instance, for the x-axys mark 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, and 400 (you will find that you cannot use marks for 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 80, ...., 360).Select and adequate scale for the volume in liters. For instance: 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.00.d) Place the two points (296, 2) and (353, 2.4) at the best your graph paper lets you.
d) Draw a straight line that joins the two points and cross both the vertical and the horizontal axis.
e) Read the point at which the line intercepts the horizontal axis. This is the x-intercept, and is the where the volume would be zero. The temperature cannot be lower, because the volume cannot be negative.
3. Compare your results to those expected.
The point at which the temperature crosses the x-axys should be 0, because that is the absolute zero (0 K).How close to absolute zero was your intercept: sure there will be a difference, whose magnitude and sign depend on several points: i) experimental errors (in the measurements), ii) imprecisions graphing, and iii) real the gases are not perfect gases, thus they do not follow the graph of V vs T is not a perfect line.According to Charle's Law at a fixed pressure, the amount of the given gas will be undeviatingly proportional to the temperature.
In this situation when the pressure is a fixed number then it is said to isobaric condition.
Lab Activity:
Estimate the volume of the given gas at two various temperatures.Now write the recorded volume with its temperature.Let's take hypothetical data over here. For the temperature at 30°C the measured volume is 2 liter, this will be the first point.For the next reading, you heated the sample of gas up to 87 °C and the volume that you measured is 2.4 liters, this will be the second point.Plotting of the graph:
1. To plot the graph between the temperature (kelvins) and the volume, we need to convert the temperature from C to kelvins.
[tex]\text{Kelvin} & = \text{C}^{\text{o}} + 273.15[/tex]
[tex]\text{T1} & = \text{30}^{\text{o}} + 273.15 = 303.15[/tex]
[tex]\text{T2} & = \text{87}^{\text{o}} + 273.15 = 360.15[/tex]
2. The coordinates we get for graphs now are:
(303, 2) and (360, 2.4)
3. Plot the above data on the graph paper.
See the attached image for the graph below.
Mark the vertical column as the volume (liters) and the horizontal axis as temperature (kelvins)Roundoff the temperature up to the integer part for plotting the graph.Select the appropriate scales for temperature and volumes for the graph.Mark the point that you recorded during your experiment.Draw a straight line joining the two points.Mark the point that intercepts the horizontal axis as the intercept. This point will have 0 volume.Absolute 0 will be 0 K as the X intercept shows 0 volume and the temperature can no longer be lower.4. Comparing the recorded results with the expected data: Compare the data on basis of errors, and imprecisions.
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________ is defined as the number of protons plus the number of neutrons. ________ is defined as the number of protons plus the number of neutrons. Atomic number Isotopic number Ionic number Mass number Nuclear number
Answer:
Mass number is defined as the number of protons plus the number of neutrons.
Explanation:
Every atom of an element have proton(s), neutron(s) and electron(s). The proton number of an element is the atomic number of that element. For an electronically neutral atom the proton number is equal to the electron numbers. The neutron and the proton contributes to the mass of every atom. The electron is more active when atoms are bonding.
Mass number of an element is the number of proton plus the number of neutron.
Atomic number of an atom is the number of proton present, so it can never be atomic number.
Isotopy talks about same element having different number of neutron but same number of protons in each atom. Example is hydrogen that exist as protium, deuterium and tritium. It cannot be isotopic number.
Ionic number talks about elements that possess a charge. The elements have been ionized.
The answer is Mass number because the sum of proton number and neutron number is equals to mass number.
Mass number is defined as the number of protons plus the number of neutrons in an atom's nucleus. Atomic number is defined as the number of protons in an atom's nucleus.
The term "mass number" is defined as the number of protons plus the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. It provides the total mass of the atomic nucleus and is represented by the symbol "A."On the other hand, the term "atomic number" (also known as the "proton number") is defined as the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.It is a fundamental property of an element and determines its identity, chemical behavior, and its position in the periodic table. The atomic number is typically denoted by the symbol "Z."To clarify further:Atomic Number (Z): Defines the unique identity of an element, as each element has a distinct number of protons in its nucleus.Mass Number (A): Represents the total number of nucleons (protons and neutrons) in the atomic nucleus. It is used to differentiate between isotopes of the same element.The terms "isotopic number," "ionic number," and "nuclear number" are not standard terminology in chemistry or physics. The key concepts used to describe atomic structure are the atomic number (Z) and the mass number (A).For more such questions on protons
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What is the osmotic pressure of a solution formed by dissolving 44.3 mg of aspirin (C9H8O4) in 0.358 L of water at 25 ∘C?
The osmotic pressure of a solution formed by dissolving 44.3 mg of aspirin in 0.358 L of water at 25 ∘C is 0.01633 atm. This is calculated using the formula for osmotic pressure 'Pi = n/V RT', inserting the required values including the mole of aspirin, the volume, the gas constant, and temperature.
Explanation:To calculate the osmotic pressure, we need to use the formula Pi = n/V RT, where 'n' is the number of moles of the solute, 'V' is the volume in liters, 'R' is the gas constant (0.08206 L atm/mol K), and 'T' is the temperature in Kelvin. Firstly, we need to find the molar mass of aspirin (C9H8O4) which is approximately 180.16 g/mol. Consequently, we can determine the mole of aspirin used as 44.3 mg / 180.16 g/mol = 0.000246 moles. Now knowing all values, plug them into the formula: Pi = 0.000246 moles /0.358L * 0.08206 atm mol^-1K^-1 * 298.15K which equals 0.01633 atm, the osmotic pressure of the solution.
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For the osmotic pressure of an aspirin solution, first convert the mass of aspirin to moles, find the molarity, convert the temperature to Kelvin, and then apply the osmotic pressure formula. The osmotic pressure is found to be approximately 0.0168 atm.
The question asks to determine the osmotic pressure of a solution containing aspirin at a certain temperature. The osmotic pressure can be calculated using the formula:
\(\Pi = MRT\)
Where:
\(\Pi\) is the osmotic pressure,
\(M\) is the molarity of the solution (moles of solute per liter of solution),
\(R\) is the gas constant (0.0821 L atm K^{-1} mol^{-1}), and
\(T\) is the temperature in Kelvin.
First, convert the mass of aspirin to moles using the molecular weight of aspirin (C9H8O4), which is 180.16 g/mol:
\(44.3 mg = 0.0443 g\)
\(0.0443 g \times \dfrac{1 mol}{180.16 g} \approx 2.46 \times 10^{-4} mol\)
Next, find the molarity \(M\) by dividing the number of moles by the volume in liters:
\(M = \dfrac{2.46 \times 10^{-4} mol}{0.358 L} \approx 6.87 \times 10^{-4} M\)
Now convert the temperature to Kelvin:
\(T = 25 \degree C + 273.15 = 298.15 K\)
Finally, calculate the osmotic pressure:
\(\Pi = (6.87 \times 10^{-4} M)(0.0821 L atm K^{-1} mol^{-1})(298.15 K)\)
\(\Pi \approx 0.0168 atm\)
Therefore, the osmotic pressure of the aspirin solution is approximately 0.0168 atm.
. The order of a chemical reaction with respect to one of its reactants is 0. If you double the concentration of that reactant, the reaction rate will _______. A. be cut in half B. double C. increase by an undetermined amount D. remain unchanged E. None of the Abov
Answer:
D. remain unchanged
Explanation:
A Zero-order reaction is defined as a chemical reaction wherein the rate doesn't vary with the increase or decrease in the concentration of the reactants.
Thus, If you double the concentration of that reactant, the reaction rate will:
D. remain unchanged
I hope it helps!
What common household element can, over time, reduce airflow, insulate components, reduce heat exchange or even cause the system to hang or reboot?
Answer:
The correct answer is Dust
Explanation
Dust is a dry dirt in powder form usually found on surfaces of items in a building, it comprises of very small particles of soil, sand and sometimes includes toxic substances, skin cells,bacteria, soil particles, particles of clothing material, tiny pieces of dead insects and pollen
Answer: Dust
Explanation:
Dust is a solid matter with fine particles, it mostly hangs in the atmosphere and are produced from various sources such as pollutions, loose soil which are lifted through aeolian process. Continuous exposure to dust in house holds or work place can make someone sick and affect one's health. Apart from that, it also reduces comfort and can even affect the efficient functioning of home or office appliances and gadgets.