Answer:
The elements that will be present after the burning of Ethanol are;
(i) Carbon
(ii) Oxygen
(iii) Hydrogen
Explanation:
The balanced chemical equation for the burning of ethanol is as follow;
C₂H₅OH + 3 O₂ → 2 CO₂ + 3 H₂O
It can be observed in given balanced chemical equation that there three elements involved in this entire reaction. The elements that present in the reactant side are also found on the product side. It means that the elements have just rearranged going from reactant to product.
This means that this reaction is obeying Law of Conservation of Mass which states that mass can neither be created nor destroyed but it can be changed from one form to another hence, to keep the mass on both sides of the reaction balanced the same elements should be present on the product side too.
Answer: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
Explanation: When a chemical reaction occurs, the atoms in the original set of substances are rearranged to form a new set of substances. The number of atoms of each element does not change.
The elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are the only elements present in the original substances, so the only elements in the final substances after the reaction will be carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, as well. The number of atoms of each element must be the same before and after the reaction.
At what speed, in meters per second, does the Moon recoil after the perfectly inelastic collision? The mass of the Moon is 7.36 × 1022 kg?
Answer:The moon will recoil at 1.019×10^-6m/s
Explanation:To determine the recoil velocity of the moon after the inelastic collisions
Given:
Mass of moon=7.36×10^22kg=m1
Mass of asteroids = 5×10^12=m2
Initial velocity of moon =0
Initial velocity of asteroids =15km/s=15000m/s
The law of conservation of momentum is given as
M1v1 + m2v2 =(m1+m2)v'
O + m2v2= (m1 +m2)v'
V'=m2v2/(m1+m2)
V'=(5×10^22)×15000/(7.36×10^22)+(5×10^12)
V'=1.019×10^-6m/s
Answer:
The moon will recoil at the speed of 1.019×10^-6 m/s the whole mass
Explanation:
Mass of moon=7.36×10^22kg=m1
Mass of asteroids = 5×10^12=m2
Initial velocity of moon =0
Initial velocity of asteroids =15km/s=15000m/s
The law of conservation of momentum is given as
M1v1 + m2v2 =(m1+m2)v'
0 + m2v2= (m1 +m2)v'
V'=m2v2/(m1+m2)
V'=(5×10^22)×15000/(7.36×10^22)+(5×10^12)
V'=1.019×10^-6m/s
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Describe and explain how electrical conductivity occurs in mercury bromide and mercury, in both solid and molten states.
Answer:
HgBr2 conducts when molten because there are mobile ions in molten HgBr which allows flow of current when an electrical potential difference is introduced to the HgBr in molten state
However HgBr2 does not conduct in the solid state as the ions are fixed in the solid HgBr2 lattice structure
Mercury, which is a metal in its natural form conducts both in the solid and molten states as the delocalized electrons are able to move both in the solid and molten mercury states and as such current flows through mercury when there is an electrical potential difference placed across it
Explanation:
Electricity or electric current flow is the term used to describe the state of movement or flow of matter that carries an electrical charge
It is the steady movement of or flow of electrons. The moving electrons transfer electrical charge round an electrical circuit. In metals, there are freely shared electrons between individual atoms so as to efficiently conduct electricity and so when an electrical potential difference is placed across a piece of metallic object an electron is readily displaced by another electron entering from one end and exiting from the other end of the electrical potential difference
Mercury bromide and mercury exhibit electrical conductivity in both solid and molten states due to the presence of freely mobile, charged entities. In the solid state, ionic compounds like mercury bromide are not conductive, but they become conductive when molten.
Explanation:In both the solid and molten states, mercury bromide and mercury demonstrate electrical conductivity due to the presence of freely mobile, charged entities. In the solid state, ionic compounds like mercury bromide are not electrically conductive because their ions are unable to flow. However, in the molten state, the ions are able to move freely through the liquid, allowing for electrical conductivity.
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A waterbed mattress has the following dimensions: 210 cm X 160 cm X 25 cm. The density of water is 62.4lb/ft3. What is the weight of the bed in pounds?
Answer: The weight of water bed in pounds is 1850.16 lb
Explanation:
To calculate the volume of cuboid, we use the equation:
[tex]V=lbh[/tex]
where,
V = volume of cuboid
l = length of cuboid = 210 cm
b = breadth of cuboid = 160 cm
h = height of cuboid = 25 cm
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]V=210\times 160\times 25=8.4\times 10^5cm^3=29.65ft^3[/tex] (Conversion factor: [tex]1cm^3=3.53\times 10^{-5}ft^3[/tex] )
To calculate the mass of waterbed, we use the equation:
[tex]\text{Density of substance}=\frac{\text{Mass of substance}}{\text{Volume of substance}}[/tex]
Density of waterbed = [tex]62.4lb/ft^3[/tex]
Volume of waterbed = [tex]29.65ft^3[/tex]
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]62.4lb/ft^3=\frac{\text{Mass of waterbed}}{29.65ft^3}\\\\\text{Mass of waterbed}=(62.4lb/ft^3\times 29.65ft^3)=1850.16lb[/tex]
Hence, the weight of water bed in pounds is 1850.16 lb
The following equation lnN - N₀ = -kt Of time t is plotted on x-axis and lnN is plotted on y-axis, what are the slopes and y-intercept algebraically? Hint: lnN = lnN - LnN₀
Answer:
-k slope
The term No is the y intercept(does not mean NO) y-intercept
Explanation:
For a straight line graph, the normal equation could be written as
y = mx + c
Where m is the slope and c is the y intercept.
Writing the equation is the form of y = mx + c gives the following;
lnN = -kt + No
As obtained from the question, t is plotted in the x-axis, while lnN is the plot on the y-axis.
Now, we are asked to obtain the slope and the y-intercept. It can be seen that the slope is the coefficient of the term x in this case t. Hence, our slope is -k.
The y-intercept is the other term which in this case is No
A is a homogenous mixture of particles so small they cannot be seen and will not settle to the bottom of their container. a. colloid c. suspension b. solution d. heterogenous
Answer: solution
Explanation:
Given the unbalanced equation: N2(g) + H2(g) → NH3(g)
When the equation is balanced using the smallest whole-number coefficients, the ratio of moles of hydrogen consumed to moles of ammonia produced is
1 ) 1:3
2) 2:3
3) 3:1
4) 3:2
Answer:
Option-4 (3:2) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Following steps are taken to balance the given unbalanced chemical equation.
Step 1: Write the unbalanced chemical equation,
N₂ + H₂ → NH₃
Step 2: Balance Nitrogen Atoms;
There are 2 nitrogen atoms on left hand side and 1 nitrogen atoms on right hand site therefore, to balance them multiply NH₃ on right hand side by 2 i.e.
N₂ + H₂ → 2 NH₃
Step 3: Balance Hydrogen Atoms;
Now, there are 2 hydrogen atoms on left hand side and 6 hydrogen atom on right hand site therefore, to balance them multiply H₂ on left hand side by 3 i.e.
N₂ + 3 H₂ → 2 NH₃
Now, the equation is balanced.
Step 4: Finding out mole ratios:
From balanced chemical equation it can be concluded that 3 moles of H₂ are involved in producing 2 moles of NH₃ hence, the mole ratio of consumption of H₂ to production of NH₃ is 3:2.
Answer:
4) 3:2
Explanation:
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If an oxygen nucleus consists of eight protons and eight neutrons, the charge on that nucleus is positive. Since even I learned in high school that like charges repel, such a nucleus would find all its positive protons repelling and quickly fall apart." How would you answer his argument?
Answer:
The binding energy present in the atomic nucleus that holds the protons and the neutrons together and its magnitude is one million times stronger than the electron binding energy in small atoms
Explanation:
The minimum required force to dismember an atomic nucleus into its constituent components, of protons and nucleus (collectively called nucleons) in known as the nuclear binding energy.
Energy is required in separating the nucleons hence the binding energy of a nucleus is always positive
According to Einstein's Energy and light relation E = mc², when a nucleus is formed from the number of free protons and neutrons, the sum of their individual masses is more than the mass of the formed atomic nucleus. The mass deficit of the neutron, also known as the 'missing mass' or mass defect indicates the amount of energy released in forming of the nucleus which therefore has different characteristics from its constituents as mentioned above
The amount of mass that is equivalent to the binding energy of the nucleus as shown in the Einstein's equation (E=mc²) is represented by the missing mass or mass defect of the formed nucleus or the difference in mass between the nuclear mass and that of the sum of the individual masses of its constituent protons and neutrons
When 0.5000 grams of an unknown hydrocarbon, CxHy, is completely combusted with excess oxygen, 1.037 L CO2 gas and is produced at 98.3 °C and 1.000 atm. What is the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon? (R = 0.08206 L×atm/mol×K)
Answer: C₃H₈
Explanation:
From PV = nRT
Moles of CO2 = PV / RT =(1 x 1.037)/(0.08206 x ( 273+98.3)) = 0.0340 moles of CO2
CxHy + (x + (y/2))O₂ ----> xCO₂ + yH₂O
there is 1 mole of C in each mole of CO2 so moles of C in CO₂ = 0.0340 moles
mass of C in CO₂ = 0.0340 x 12 = 0.41 g
This means mass of C in the hydrocarbon = 0.41g
so mass of H in the hydrocarbon = 0.50 - 0.41= 0.09 g
moles of H in the hydrocarbon = mass/molar mass = 0.09/1 = 0.09 moles
molar ratio of C:H = 0.034 : 0.09 = 1 :2.67
or 3 :8
empirical formula is C3H8
To find the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon, calculate the moles of carbon dioxide produced using the ideal gas law and the moles of carbon and hydrogen in the hydrocarbon. The empirical formula is C12H1.
Explanation:In order to determine the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon, we need to find the mole ratio of carbon to hydrogen in the compound. To do this, we first calculate the moles of carbon dioxide (CO2) produced using the ideal gas law:
n = (PV)/(RT) = (1.000 atm)(1.037 L)/(0.08206 L.atm/mol.K)(98.3 + 273.15 K) = 0.0443 mol
Since the combustion of 1 mole of hydrocarbon produces 1 mole of CO2, we can conclude that the moles of hydrocarbon consumed is also 0.0443 mol. Next, we calculate the moles of carbon and hydrogen in the hydrocarbon:
moles of carbon = (mass of carbon in hydrocarbon) / (molar mass of carbon) = (12.01 g/mol)(0.5000 g) / (1 g) = 6.003 mol
moles of hydrogen = (mass of hydrogen in hydrocarbon) / (molar mass of hydrogen) = (1.008 g/mol)(0.5000 g) / (1 g) = 0.5008 mol
The empirical formula of the hydrocarbon is then C6H0.5008. We can simplify this ratio by multiplying all the subscripts by 2 (the smallest whole number ratio) to get the empirical formula: C12H1.
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Water's ability to dissolve a wide variety of molecules is important, but more important is the hydrophobic effect, which drives the aggregation of nonpolar molecules and plays a role in the folding of proteins and formation of lipid bilayers. What forces drive the hydrophobic effect?a. Decreased entropy of water is the largest driving force.b. Water repels the hydrophobic molecules. c. Increased entropy of water is the largest driving force. d. Hydrophobic molecules are attracted to each other.
Answer:
d. Hydrophobic molecules are attracted to each other.
Explanation:
The term “hydrophobic effect” is associated with the spontaneous tendency of macromolecules, such as proteins, to prefer a conformation in an aqueous medium, with hydrophobic groups facing the interior of the mac romolecule, favoring attractive intramolecular interactions, and hydrophilic groups exposed on the surface, for maximize interactions with water molecules in the medium. This is because the hydrophobic molecules are attracted to each other, allowing them to turn inward.
Boston, MA and Barcelona, Spain have very similar latitudes (they are both a similar distance from the equator.) Why is the climate of Boston so different from the climate of Barcelona?
Answer:
The climate of Boston is so different from the climate of Barcelona because regional climate does not depend only on latitude. The flow of ocean current and its temperature causes this different climates. East coast cities such as Boston have a continental climate because prevailing westerly winds continually bring them under the influence of continental air masses while westerlies bring maritime air masses and therefore a maritime climate to the coast cities such as Barcelona and others.
You add 4.7 gg iron to 27.10 mL of water and observe that the volume of iron and water together is 27.70 mLmL . Calculate the density of iron.
Answer : The density of iron is, 7.8 g/mL
Explanation : Given,
Mass of iron = 4.7 g
Volume of water = 27.10 mL
Volume of water and iron = 27.70 mL
First we have to calculate the volume of iron.
Volume of iron = Volume of water and iron - Volume of water
Volume of iron = 27.70 mL - 27.10 mL
Volume of iron = 0.6 mL
Now we have to calculate the density of iron.
[tex]\text{Density of iron}=\frac{\text{Mass of iron}}{\text{Volume of iron}}[/tex]
Now put all the given values in this expression, we get:
[tex]\text{Density of iron}=\frac{4.7g}{0.6mL}[/tex]
[tex]\text{Density of iron}=7.8g/mL[/tex]
Thus, the density of iron is, 7.8 g/mL
When aluminum hydroxide (dissolved in water);is mixed with aqueous sulfuric acid (H2SO4) the products are aluminum sulfate (a precipitate) and liquid water
Answer:
The equation for this reaction is:
2Al(OH)3 (aq) + 3H2SO4 (l) ---> Al2(SO4)3 (s) + 6H2O (l)
Explanation:
If the vapor pressure of a liquid is less than the atmospheric pressure, the liquid will not boil. TRUE FALSE
Answer: The given statement is true.
Explanation:
Boiling point is defined as the point at which vapor pressure of a substance becomes equal to atmospheric pressure. During this point, the liquid changes into vapor state and temperature remains constant till all the liquid changes into vapor state.
Vapor pressure is defined as the pressure exerted by vapors or gas on the surface of a liquid.
Thus, we can conclude that the statement if the vapor pressure of a liquid is less than the atmospheric pressure, the liquid will not boil, is true.
If the amount of energy required to break bonds in the reactants is more than the amount of energy released in forming bonds in the products, then the reaction will have a negative change in enthalpy (−ΔH).
True
False
Answer:
The given statement is false.
Explanation:
Endothermic reactions are defined as the reactions in which energy of products is more than the energy of the reactants. In these reactions, energy is absorbed by the system.
The total enthalpy of the reaction [tex](\Delta H)[/tex] comes out to be positive.
Exothermic reactions are defined as the reactions in which energy of reactants is more than the energy of the products. In these reactions, energy is released by the system.
The total enthalpy of the reaction [tex](\Delta H)[/tex] comes out to be negative.
________ is defined as the number of protons plus the number of neutrons. ________ is defined as the number of protons plus the number of neutrons. Atomic number Isotopic number Ionic number Mass number Nuclear number
Answer:
Mass number is defined as the number of protons plus the number of neutrons.
Explanation:
Every atom of an element have proton(s), neutron(s) and electron(s). The proton number of an element is the atomic number of that element. For an electronically neutral atom the proton number is equal to the electron numbers. The neutron and the proton contributes to the mass of every atom. The electron is more active when atoms are bonding.
Mass number of an element is the number of proton plus the number of neutron.
Atomic number of an atom is the number of proton present, so it can never be atomic number.
Isotopy talks about same element having different number of neutron but same number of protons in each atom. Example is hydrogen that exist as protium, deuterium and tritium. It cannot be isotopic number.
Ionic number talks about elements that possess a charge. The elements have been ionized.
The answer is Mass number because the sum of proton number and neutron number is equals to mass number.
Mass number is defined as the number of protons plus the number of neutrons in an atom's nucleus. Atomic number is defined as the number of protons in an atom's nucleus.
The term "mass number" is defined as the number of protons plus the number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. It provides the total mass of the atomic nucleus and is represented by the symbol "A."On the other hand, the term "atomic number" (also known as the "proton number") is defined as the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.It is a fundamental property of an element and determines its identity, chemical behavior, and its position in the periodic table. The atomic number is typically denoted by the symbol "Z."To clarify further:Atomic Number (Z): Defines the unique identity of an element, as each element has a distinct number of protons in its nucleus.Mass Number (A): Represents the total number of nucleons (protons and neutrons) in the atomic nucleus. It is used to differentiate between isotopes of the same element.The terms "isotopic number," "ionic number," and "nuclear number" are not standard terminology in chemistry or physics. The key concepts used to describe atomic structure are the atomic number (Z) and the mass number (A).For more such questions on protons
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A uniform, solid, 1100.0 kg sphere has a radius of 5.00 m. Find the gravitational force this sphere exerts on a 2.40 kgkg point mass placed at the following distances from the center of the sphere: (a) 5.01 mm , and (b) 2.50 mm .
Explanation:
(a) The given data is as follows.
M = 1100 kg, r = 5.01 mm = [tex]5.01 \times 10^{-3}[/tex] m
m = 2.40 kg
Now, formula for Newton's law of gravitation is as follows.
F = [tex]\frac{GMm}{r^{2}}[/tex]
Putting the given values into the above formula as follows.
F = [tex]\frac{GMm}{r^{2}}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{6.673 \times 10^{-11} Nm^{2}/kg^{2} \times 1100 \times 2.40 kg}{(5.01 \times 10^{-3})^{2}}[/tex]
= [tex]7.02 \times 10^{-3}[/tex] N
Therefore, gravitational force exerted by the given sphere on 2.40 kg point mass is [tex]7.02 \times 10^{-3}[/tex] N.
(b) Now, mass of the sphere beyond r = 2.50 mm or [tex]2.50 \times 10^{-3} m[/tex] will not contribute any force on the point mass.
Hence, mass within the radius r < R that experiences force is,
[tex]m^{1} = M \frac{r^{3}}{R^{3}}[/tex]
According to Newton's law of gravitation,
F = [tex]\frac{Gm^{1}m}{r^{2}}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{Gm(M \frac{r^{3}}{R^{3}})}{r^{2}}[/tex]
= [tex]G \frac{mMr}{R^{3}}[/tex]
Here, r is the radius of point mass and R is the radius of solid sphere.
Therefore, putting the given values into the above formula as follows.
F = [tex]G \frac{mMr}{R^{3}}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{6.673 \times 10^{-11} Nm^{2}/kg^{2} \times 1100 kg \times 2.40 kg \times 2.50 \times 10^{-3}}{(5)^{3}}[/tex]
= [tex]3.52 \times 10^{-9}[/tex] N
Therefore, the gravitational force this sphere exerts on a 2.40 kg is [tex]3.52 \times 10^{-9}[/tex] N.
The diameter of a biscuit is approximately 51 millimeters (mm). An atom of bismuth (Bi) is approximately 320. picometers (pm) in diameter. Calculate the number of bismuth atoms needed to span the diameter of a biscuit in a line. Express your answer in scientific notation, showing the correct number of significant figures. (Enter your answer using one of the following formats: 1.2e-3 for 0.0012 and 1.20e+2 for 120. 1 m = 103 mm = 1012 pm)
Answer:
1.5e+8 atoms of Bismuth.
Explanation:
We need to calculate the ratio of the diameter of a biscuit respect to the diameter of the atom of bismuth (Bi):
[tex] \\ \frac{diameter\;biscuit}{diameter\;atom(Bi)}[/tex]
For this, it is necessary to know the values in meters for any of these diameters:
[tex] \\ 1m = 10^{3}mm = 1e+3mm[/tex]
[tex] \\ 1m = 10^{12}pm = 1e+12pm[/tex]
Having all this information, we can proceed to calculate the diameters for the biscuit and the atom in meters.
Diameter of an atom of Bismuth(Bi) in meters1 atom of Bismuth = 320pm in diameter.
[tex] \\ 320pm*\frac{1m}{10^{12}pm} = 3.20*10^{-10}m[/tex]
Diameter of a biscuit in meters[tex] \\ 51mm*\frac{1}{10^{3}mm} = 51*10^{-3}m = 5.1*10^{-2}m [/tex]
Resulting RatioHow many times is the diameter of an atom of Bismuth contained in the diameter of the biscuit? The answer is the ratio described above, that is, the ratio of the diameter of the biscuit respect to the diameter of the atom of Bismuth:
[tex] \\ Ratio_{\frac{biscuit}{atom}}= \frac{5.1*10^{-2}m}{3.20*10^{-10}m}[/tex]
[tex] \\ Ratio_{\frac{biscuit}{atom}}= \frac{5.1}{3.20}\frac{10^{-2}}{10^{-10}}\frac{m}{m}[/tex]
[tex] \\ Ratio_{\frac{biscuit}{atom}}= \frac{5.1}{3.20}\frac{10^{-2}}{10^{-10}}\frac{m}{m}[/tex]
[tex] \\ Ratio_{\frac{biscuit}{atom}}= 1.5*10^{-2+10}[/tex]
[tex] \\ Ratio_{\frac{biscuit}{atom}}= 1.5*10^{8}=1.5e+8[/tex]
In other words, there are 1.5e+8 diameters of atoms of Bismuth in the diameter of the biscuit in question or simply, it is needed to put 1.5e+8 atoms of Bismuth to span the diameter of a biscuit in a line.
What is the limiting factor in determining the accumulation of siliceous ooze/calcareous ooze, respectively?
Answer:
productivity and water depth
Explanation:
The productivity and the depth of water are both equally important as it directly affects the accumulation of biogenic sediments such as the siliceous ooze and calcareous ooze. In the equator and the coastal upwelling areas, and at the site of divergence of oceans, there occurs a high rate and amount of productivity, and these are considered to be the primary productivity.
The siliceous oozes are a good indicator of extensively high productivity in comparison to the carbonate oozes. The main reason behind this is that the silica can be easily dissolved in the surface water. On the other hand, the carbonates dissolve at a relatively lower ocean water depth, so there requires a high amount of surface productivity in order to allow these siliceous oozes to reach the ocean bottom.
Thus, the water depth and productivity, both are considered as the limiting factor in determining the accumulation of biogenic oozes.
A concrete pile from a waterfront pier was pulled from the harbor water at port hueneme california. It's dimensions we're 14in x 14 in x 15in. a. What is the surface area expressed in square feet of a single face of the pile
The surface area expressed in square feet of a single face of a pile is 1.45 square feet.
Explanation:
The dimensions of the pillar are given as 14 in [tex]\times[/tex] 14 in
(1 feet = 12 inch)
According to the pillar dimensions mentioned in the problem, the length of the pillar should be 15 inches, height by 14 inches and the width by 14 inches.
There will be two surface areas of the concrete pile, one implies side surface area and the other is end surface area.
For calculating the side surface area,
Area of the side surface = 14 in [tex]\times[/tex] 15 in
= [tex]14 in.[/tex] [tex]\times[/tex] [tex]\frac{1 ft.}{12 in.}[/tex]
= 1.16 [tex]\times[/tex] 1.25
= 1.45 square feet.
(In the given question, only a single face is asked so there is no need to find the surface area of the end face.)
The surface area of the side face of the given pile is 1.45 ft². The surface area is the area of all surfaces in a 3D object such as a pillar, ball, etc.
What is surface area?The surface area is the area of all surfaces in a 3D object such as a pillar, ball, etc.
A pillar has two types of faces, side face and end phase with dimensions 14x14 and 14x15.
The dimentions of the pile,
Length - 14 inches = 1.16 ft
Width - 14 inches = 1.16 ft
height - 15 inches = 1.25 ft.
So, the surface area of a side face will be
As = 1.16 ft x 1.25 ft
As = 1.45 ft²
Therefore, the surface area of the side face of the given pile is 1.45 ft².
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Which of the following is true of greenhouse gases?
They exist in fixed quantities.
They reflect incoming solar radiation.
They trap energy in the atmosphere.
They are all naturally occurring.
Greenhouse gases trap energy in the atmosphere.
Explanation:
Greenhouses gases trap the radiation, especially long infrared wavelengths, that emanate from the earth's surface after solar radiation hits the earth’s surface. These infrared wavelengths are electromagnetic radiation that are significant in heat transfer. Mostly a higher percentage of this radiation from the earth’s surface escapes into space. Trapping this radiation in the atmosphere causes warming of the atmosphere - a phenomenon called greenhouse effect. This is why an increase in greenhouse gases causes an increase in global temperatures and subsequently drives climate change.
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A person doing a chin-up weighs 535 N, exclusive of the arms. During the first 25.4 cm of the lift, each arm exerts an upward force of 394 N on the torso. The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s 2 . If the upward movement starts from rest, what is the person’s velocity at this point? Answer in units of m/s.
Answer:
person’s velocity at this point = 1.535m/s
Explanation:
The detailed steps and appropriate substitution is as shown in the attachment.
Which sequence of events is required to form a limestone cave where you can walk around and observe cave formations, such as stalactites?
Answer:
Which sequence of events is required to form a limestone cave where you can walk around and observe cave formations, such as stalactites? (Note: stalactites hang from the ceiling - they have to hold on tight to the roof.)
A geological sequence of events as involving the lowering of the water table to expose cave structures where stalactites and stalagmites form which is described as follows,
Explanation:
1. Acidic percolated water formed cavities of solution beneath the natural water table known as phreatic zone
2. After the passage of time there is a drop in the water table dropped forming caves from cavities
3. These caves, which are air filled voids that contains adequate environment for forming stalactites and stalagmites and where they are found
As a scuba diver descends under water, the pressure increases. At a total air pressure of 2.71 atm and a temperature of 25.0 C, what is the solubility of N2 in a diver's blood?
[Use the value of the Henry's law constant k calculated , 6.26 x 10^{-4} (mol/(L*atm).]
Assume that the composition of the air in the tank is the same as on land and that all of the dissolved nitrogen remains in the blood.
Express your answer with the appropriate units.
Answer:
The molar solubility of nitrogen gas is [tex]1.32\times 10^{-3}mol/L[/tex].
Explanation:
Henry's law states that the amount of gas dissolved or molar solubility of gas is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the liquid.
To calculate the molar solubility, we use the equation given by Henry's law, which is:
[tex]C_{N_2}=K_H\times p_{liquid}[/tex]
where,
[tex]K_H[/tex] = Henry's constant = [tex]6.26\times 10^{-4}mol/L.atm[/tex]
[tex]p_{N_2}[/tex] = partial pressure of nitrogen gas
Total air pressure = P = 2.71 atm
Percentage of nitrogen in air = 78.09%
Mole fraction of nitrogen ,[tex]\hi_{N_2}= 0.7809[/tex]
[tex]p_{N_2}=P\times \chi_{N_2}=2.71 atm\times 0.7809[/tex]
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]C_{N_2}=6.26\times 10^{-4}mol/L.atm\times 2.71 atm\times 0.7809\\\\C_{N_2}=1.32\times 10^{-3}mol/L[/tex]
Hence, the molar solubility of nitrogen gas is [tex]1.32\times 10^{-3}mol/L[/tex].
The solubility of N₂ in a diver's blood at 2.71 atm pressure and 25.0 C temperature is calculated using Henry's law to be 1.323 x 10⁻³ mol/L, assuming a mole fraction of N₂ of 0.78.
The solubility of N₂ in a diver's blood at a total air pressure of 2.71 atm and a temperature of 25.0 C can be determined using Henry's law, which states that the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas above the liquid. In this case, the Henry's law constant k for N₂ is given as 6.26 x 10⁻⁴ mol/(L·atm).
Assuming the composition of the air is the same as on land with a mole fraction of N₂ being 0.78 (from the given standard composition of dry air), the partial pressure of N₂ is 0.78 x 2.71 atm = 2.1138 atm. Applying Henry's law:
Solubility = k × (partial pressure of N₂)
Solubility = 6.26 x 10⁻⁴ mol/(L·atm) × 2.1138 atm
Solubility = 1.323 x 10-3 mol/L
Therefore, the solubility of N₂ in the diver's blood at the given conditions is 1.323 x 10⁻³ mol/L.
Given a list of 10,000 elements, and if each comparison takes 2 µs, what is the fastest possible runtime for linear search?
Answer:
2 µs
Explanation:
Cab someone pls help me? I don't understand this
1. From Part 2 of the lab activity, plot a graph of volume vs. temperature (in kelvins) with the two data points that resulted from your experiment. Draw a straight line connecting the two points, thus assuming a linear relationship between volume and temperature.
The x-intercept corresponds to where the volume would be zero and the temperature can be no lower, defined as absolute zero. Absolute zero is 0 K. Compare your results to those expected. How close to absolute zero was your intercept? Why might your value be different from absolute zero?
Answer:
The activity consists on:
1. Lab activity
During the lab you will measure the volume of a gas at two different temperatures and record the results pairing each volume with its temperature. For instance, in the form of ordered pairs (Temperature, Volume).Let's do an hypothetical case in which you measured an initial temperature of 23ºC and the respective volume of 2 liter: (23, 2) is the first point. Then, you heated the sample of gas up to 80ºC and measured a volume of 2.4 liters.Your lab activity ends.
2. Plot a graph volume vs temperature (in kelvins) with the two data points that resulted from your experiment:
a) First convert the temperatures in ºC to kelvins:
[tex]Kelvin=\ºC+273.15[/tex]
[tex]T_1=23\ºC+273.15=296.15[/tex]
[tex]T_2=80\ºC+273.15=353.15[/tex]
b) Your points, now, are: (296.15, 2) and (353.15, 2.4)
c) Prepare your graph paper
Label the vertical volume in liters (dependent variable)Label the horizonal axis as temperature in kelvins (independent variable)You will not have enough precision to mark the decimals for the temperature; so, use only the integer part of the temperature, i.e. 296 and 353.Select and adequate scale for the temperature, in kelvins. For instance, for the x-axys mark 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, and 400 (you will find that you cannot use marks for 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 80, ...., 360).Select and adequate scale for the volume in liters. For instance: 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.00.d) Place the two points (296, 2) and (353, 2.4) at the best your graph paper lets you.
d) Draw a straight line that joins the two points and cross both the vertical and the horizontal axis.
e) Read the point at which the line intercepts the horizontal axis. This is the x-intercept, and is the where the volume would be zero. The temperature cannot be lower, because the volume cannot be negative.
3. Compare your results to those expected.
The point at which the temperature crosses the x-axys should be 0, because that is the absolute zero (0 K).How close to absolute zero was your intercept: sure there will be a difference, whose magnitude and sign depend on several points: i) experimental errors (in the measurements), ii) imprecisions graphing, and iii) real the gases are not perfect gases, thus they do not follow the graph of V vs T is not a perfect line.According to Charle's Law at a fixed pressure, the amount of the given gas will be undeviatingly proportional to the temperature.
In this situation when the pressure is a fixed number then it is said to isobaric condition.
Lab Activity:
Estimate the volume of the given gas at two various temperatures.Now write the recorded volume with its temperature.Let's take hypothetical data over here. For the temperature at 30°C the measured volume is 2 liter, this will be the first point.For the next reading, you heated the sample of gas up to 87 °C and the volume that you measured is 2.4 liters, this will be the second point.Plotting of the graph:
1. To plot the graph between the temperature (kelvins) and the volume, we need to convert the temperature from C to kelvins.
[tex]\text{Kelvin} & = \text{C}^{\text{o}} + 273.15[/tex]
[tex]\text{T1} & = \text{30}^{\text{o}} + 273.15 = 303.15[/tex]
[tex]\text{T2} & = \text{87}^{\text{o}} + 273.15 = 360.15[/tex]
2. The coordinates we get for graphs now are:
(303, 2) and (360, 2.4)
3. Plot the above data on the graph paper.
See the attached image for the graph below.
Mark the vertical column as the volume (liters) and the horizontal axis as temperature (kelvins)Roundoff the temperature up to the integer part for plotting the graph.Select the appropriate scales for temperature and volumes for the graph.Mark the point that you recorded during your experiment.Draw a straight line joining the two points.Mark the point that intercepts the horizontal axis as the intercept. This point will have 0 volume.Absolute 0 will be 0 K as the X intercept shows 0 volume and the temperature can no longer be lower.4. Comparing the recorded results with the expected data: Compare the data on basis of errors, and imprecisions.
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How much heat (in joules) is required to raise the temperature of 30.0 kg of water from 15o C to 95o C?
Answer : The amount of heat required is, [tex]1.004\times 10^6J[/tex]
Explanation :
Formula used :
[tex]q=m\times c\times (T_{final}-T_{initial})[/tex]
where,
q = heat required = ?
m = mass of water = 30.0 kg = 3000 g
c = specific heat of water = [tex]4.184J/g^oC[/tex]
[tex]T_{final}[/tex] = final temperature = [tex]95^oC[/tex]
[tex]T_{initial}[/tex] = initial temperature = [tex]15^oC[/tex]
Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:
[tex]q=3000g\times 4.184J/g^oC\times (95-15)^oC[/tex]
[tex]q=1004160J=1.004\times 10^6J[/tex]
Thus, the amount of heat required is, [tex]1.004\times 10^6J[/tex]
Final answer:
To raise the temperature of 30.0 kg of water from 15°C to 95°C, 10,041,600 joules of heat energy are required. This is calculated using the product of the mass of the water, the specific heat capacity of water, and the change in temperature.
Explanation:
The amount of heat transfer required to change the temperature of a substance can be calculated using the formula Q = mcΔT, where Q is the heat energy in joules, m is the mass of the substance in kilograms, c is the specific heat capacity (for water it's 4,184 J/kg/°C), and ΔT is the change in temperature in degrees Celsius.
For the given problem of raising the temperature of 30.0 kg of water from 15°C to 95°C, the temperature change (ΔT) is 95°C - 15°C = 80°C. The calculation would be as follows: Q = (30.0 kg) × (4,184 J/kg/°C) ×(80°C).
Calculation:
Q = 30.0 kg × 4,184 J/kg/°C * 80°CQ = 125,520 kg·°C ×J/kg/°CQ = 10,041,600 JTherefore, the heat required is 10,041,600 joules.
It took 38.33 mL of 0.0944 M HCl to titrate (react completely with) the ammonia. What is the concentration of the original ammonia solution?
The question is incomplete, here is the complete question:
A 50.60 mL sample of an ammonia solution is analyzed by titration with HCl. The reaction is given below.
[tex]NH_3(aq.)+H^+(aq.)\rightarrow NH_4^+(aq.)[/tex]
It took 38.33 mL of 0.0944 M HCl to titrate (react completely with) the ammonia. What is the concentration of the original ammonia solution?
Answer: The concentration of original ammonia solution is 0.0715 M
Explanation:
To calculate the concentration of base, we use the equation given by neutralization reaction:
[tex]n_1M_1V_1=n_2M_2V_2[/tex]
where,
[tex]n_1,M_1\text{ and }V_1[/tex] are the n-factor, molarity and volume of acid which is HCl
[tex]n_2,M_2\text{ and }V_2[/tex] are the n-factor, molarity and volume of base which is [tex]NH_3[/tex]
We are given:
[tex]n_1=1\\M_1=0.0944M\\V_1=38.33mL\\n_2=1\\M_2=?M\\V_2=50.60mL[/tex]
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]1\times 0.0944\times 38.33=1\times M_2\times 50.60\\\\M_2=\frac{1\times 0.0944\times 38.33}{1\times 50.60}=0.0715M[/tex]
Hence, the concentration of original ammonia solution is 0.0715 M
Make a drawing of the particles in an NaCl solution to show why this solution conducts electricity. Make a drawing of the particles in an NaCl crystal to show why pure salt does not conduct.
Answer:
See the image attached. It is taken from an online chemistry textbook.See the explanation below.Explanation:
Sodium chloride consits of sodium cations (positive ions), Na⁺, and chloride anions (negative ions), CL⁻.
Pure sodium chloride is packed in crystals: sodium ions and chloride ions are packed together and the ions are in fixed positions. There are not free electrons that can move. Thus, sodium chloride doesn't conduct electricity, because there are no electrons or ions which are free to move.
In aqueous solution, sodium chloride units dissociates into their ions:
[tex]NaCl\rightarrow Na^++Cl^-[/tex]
Those ions are freely to move in the solution, and such they are charge carriers, which conduct the electricity.
As explained above, in solid sodium chloride, the ions cannot move and there is not flow of current.
That is why solid pure salt of NaCl does not conduct electricity and the solutions of NaCl do conduct electricity.
The image attached show both diagrams. In the diagram A, the ions are packed together, showing that they cannot move. In the diagram B, the ions are dissolved in water, showing that they can move and carry the charge, allowing the flow of current.
Explain the difference between an endpoint and equivalence point in a titration
Answer:
Endpoint is point in which indicator change the color, and equivalence point is point in which there is equal amount of two chemicals. Endpoint is after Equivalence point.
Explanation:
To know the end point we use phenolphthalein as indicator. Therefore, endpoint is point in which indicator change the color, and equivalence point is point in which there is equal amount of two chemicals.
What is titration?Titration is a technique by which we know the concentration of unknown solution using titration of this solution with solution whose concentration is known. To know the end point we use phenolphthalein as indicator. End point is a point where completion of reaction happen.
Endpoint is point in which indicator change the color, and equivalence point is point in which there is equal amount of two chemicals. Endpoint is after Equivalence point.
Therefore, endpoint is point in which indicator change the color, and equivalence point is point in which there is equal amount of two chemicals.
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What common household element can, over time, reduce airflow, insulate components, reduce heat exchange or even cause the system to hang or reboot?
Answer:
The correct answer is Dust
Explanation
Dust is a dry dirt in powder form usually found on surfaces of items in a building, it comprises of very small particles of soil, sand and sometimes includes toxic substances, skin cells,bacteria, soil particles, particles of clothing material, tiny pieces of dead insects and pollen
Answer: Dust
Explanation:
Dust is a solid matter with fine particles, it mostly hangs in the atmosphere and are produced from various sources such as pollutions, loose soil which are lifted through aeolian process. Continuous exposure to dust in house holds or work place can make someone sick and affect one's health. Apart from that, it also reduces comfort and can even affect the efficient functioning of home or office appliances and gadgets.