Answer and Explanation:
Bacteria like E.coli have devised mechanisms of survival even when conditions are harsh. This is through the production of such enzymes as B-galactosidase that enable them break down substrates like lactose in their metabolism.
For E.coli, mechanism that controls how enzyme activity is turned on or off target the genes that code for the enzymes. This system is termed as lac operon, and the enzymes that are coded for by genes which are sometimes active or inactive and depending on substrate availability are referred to as inducible enzymes.
So how does the lac operon work?
Lac operon works to regulate lactose metabolism in E.coli. An operon refers to a collection of one or more structural genes that direct synthesis of a particular enzyme.
So when lactose is present in a growth media, it acts as an Inducer hence it binds to lac oppressor (normally blocks operator). This reppressor then cannot block the operator, and RNA polymerase enzyme can proceed and bind the promoter hence transcription of the Z, Y and A genes that form the mRNA.
The mRNA in association with ribosomes initiate the synthesis of the following enzymes for lactose metabolism;
Permease, Y gene - that normally directs the entry of lactose into the cells
B-galactosidase, Z gene - that aim to break down lactose to simple units
Transacetylase, A gene - for complete lactose breakdown.
So after these events in E.coli cell, the lactose that was once available has been broken down and none is left to bind to repressor. What happens thereafter is the binding of this active repressor to the operator and thus system is shut down or more correctly, turned off.
Diatoms and dinoflagellates have a variety of shapes. Why is their shape an adaptation for staying afloat as a phytoplankton?
Answer:
All species of plankton have certain characteristics in their shape which allows them to float in the water column. They have features such as stored fats, lateral spines, oil droplets etch which allow them to float in water. Almost, all of the diatoms and some species of the dinoflagellates are capable of carrying out the process of photosynthesis. Hence, these organisms are capable of making their own food.
Final answer:
Diatoms and dinoflagellates have adapted shapes that help them stay afloat in water. Diatoms form complex colonies, while dinoflagellates have cellulose armor and flagella for buoyancy and mobility. These adaptations ensure they remain in habitats conducive to their survival and roles as key components of the aquatic food web.
Explanation:
The variety of shapes found in diatoms and dinoflagellates serve as adaptations for staying afloat as phytoplankton. Diatoms, for instance, form colonies in shapes like stars and spirals, facilitating easier floating in the water column through raft-formation and making it harder for predators to engulf them. Dinoflagellates, characterized by their cellulose armor and two flagella that produce a spinning motion, enhance their buoyancy and enable their persistence in various marine and freshwater habitats. The interlocking plates of cellulose and the action of the flagella not only contribute to their floatation but also add to the diversity in morphologies that prevent them from sinking, ensuring they remain in light-rich, upper layers of water essential for photosynthesis.
Your teacher assigns a lab experiment in which you try to determine your lab partner's blood type. For the experiment, you use a needle to your lab partner's finger, so the blood can be used for your experiment.
Which of the following safety gear options should be used during this experiment?
A.
Earplugs, to decrease the chance for hearing loss from the noise of the lab.
B.
Gloves, to protect you from any infectious agents in the blood.
C.
Loose fitting clothing, to allow easy movements during the experiment.
D.
None, no safety equipment is needed for this experiment.
Answer:
To perform an experiment that involves extract blood from partner's finger and determining their blood type, the safety gear that should be used are gloves, to protect you from any infectious agents in the blood (option B).
Explanation:
The use of gloves -both for trained and untrained personnel- is one of the biosecurity measures implemented to avoid contact with biological products, and to prevent infections when they are contaminated.
However, although the gloves prevent direct contact with the blood, they do not prevent puncture with objects -such as needles- so the use of gloves should be accompanied by other biosafety measures to avoid accidents in the laboratory.
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I need help with my homework that is due tomorrow and I can not find the answers in the book or online.
Animal regeneration can produce whole organism or parts of organism and repair injury.
Clones today are done at genetic level by using molecular biology techniques as compared to old days when only nucleus would be removed from the egg cell and desired nucleus is inserted for cloning.
Explanation:
Regeneration is a process in which whole organism or part of which is produced from pre existing cells or group of cells and tissue. Regeneration helps in maintaining the integrity of morphology and physiology.
In lower animals like hydra and planaria whole organism is generated by existing parts. This process is termed as totipotency.
In higher animals however injury repair by mitosis is an example of regeneration.
Plant structure involved in vegetative propagation are: bulbs, rhizomes and tubers.
Vegetative propagation can be done by grafting, cutting, bulb formation, tuber, layering and tissue culture methods.
Cloning is a process in which a genetical or identical copy of an organism or the cell is made by molecular biology techniques. The use of DNA sequences, molecular scissors, stem cells and plasmid are the latest techniques of cloning.
Cloning is used for treating serious diseases as diabetes and heart injury.
In old days one cell would have its nucleus removed and placed into the egg and eventually organism produced
Advantages of tissue culture:
From a single explants, large number of plants can be made.
Obtaining plants of desired trait from tissue culture is easy in short span.
No seeds are required for the growing of new plants.
translate dna into mRNA
Answer:
Transcription
Explanation:
This is the process by which the information contained in the DNA is copied by base pairing to form a strand of ribonucleic acid called messenger RNA. During transcription, the portion of the DNA with the organic bases required for the synthesis of the required protein open up. Free RNA nucleotides align opposite one of the chains in a complementary relationship. Guanine of RNA pairs with cytosine of DNA. Adenine of RNA pairs with thymine of DNA while uracil of RNA pairs with adenine of DNA.
Sodium is an element found in group 1 and period 3. What kind of ion is sodium most likely
to form?
A 7-
B. 1-
C. 1+
D. 7+
Answer:c
Explanation:
How is carbon dioxide used by plants?
A. To make food
B. To break down starch
C. To fix nitrogen
D. To prevent photosynthesis
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Plants use carbon dioxide (CO2), sunlight, and water (H2O) in photosynthesis, which is how plants make food (glucose).
. Give an example of one mutation that will affect an organism's phenotype
Some mutations don't have any noticeable effect on the phenotype of an organism. This can happen in many situations: perhaps the mutation occurs in a stretch of DNA with no function, or perhaps the mutation occurs in a protein-coding region, but ends up not affecting the amino acid sequence of the protein.
Errors in protein synthesis cause phenotypic mutations. These errors cause amino acid substitutions, which result in abnormal proteins. Experiments indicate that such errors are fairly common.
What is mutation?A mutation is a modification in an organism's DNA sequence. Mutations can occur as a consequence of errors in DNA replication during cell division, mutagen exposure, or viral infection.
Protein synthesis errors result in phenotypic mutations. These errors result in amino acid substitutions, resulting in abnormal proteins. Experiments show that such mistakes are fairly common.
Silent point mutations are one example. They are considered neutral because they do not alter the amino acids in the proteins that they encode.
Because they are repaired before protein synthesis, many other mutations have no effect on the organism. To repair DNA mutations, cells have a variety of repair mechanisms.
Thus, this can be the example of mutation that will affect an organism's phenotype.
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10. What does the word competition mean in biology?
A. Two or more organisms looking for the same resource
B. Organisms from different species looking for the same resource
C. Organisms from the same species looking for the same resource
D. Adults outcompeting offspring for resources
Answer:
B
Explanation: For example lions and cheetahs need similar resources so they compete with each other.
The the word competition mean in biology is C. Organisms from the same species looking for the same resource**.
What does the word competition mean in biology?Competition in biology is the interaction between organisms that are competing for the same limited resources. These resources could be food, water, space, or mates. Competition can occur between organisms of the same species or between organisms of different species.
When competition occurs between organisms of the same species, it is called **intraspecific competition**. Intraspecific competition can be very intense, as the organisms are very similar and have the same needs. For example, two male lions competing for the same female lion are engaging in intraspecific competition.
Competition is an important part of the natural world. It helps to regulate populations and ensures that the strongest and most adaptable organisms survive.
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Use your understanding of the nitrogen cycle to answer the questions provided.
The nitrogen cycle could not exist without
________.
Answer:
The nitrogen cycle could not exist without the presence of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms.
Explanation:
As part of the biogeochemical cycles that occur in nature, the nitrogen cycle involves all the organic and non-organic processes that allow the incorporation of this element into the organism of living beings.
Although nitrogen is abundant in nature, in gaseous form, living beings cannot take advantage of it, because they lack the ability to convert this gas into organic nitrogen. Nitrogen-fixing microorganisms -such as bacteria in the soil- turn inorganic nitrogen into organic, that incorporates plants.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria exist in both soil and plant roots. They are responsible for the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen and ammonium, the product of the degradation of organic matter, into nitrites and nitrates that assimilate the plants. Herbivorous animals obtain this nitrogen from vegetables, and carnivores from them.
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Answer: Bacteria
Explanation:
formation of sperm cells
Answer:
Spermatogenesis takes place in the seminiferous tubules, which are an intricate system of tubules in the testes where spermatogenesis takes place. ... A sperm cell lashes its flagellum back and forth to propel the sperm forward.
What kind of stem cells can develop into any kind of cells in the human body or
the placenta?
A. Pluripotent stem cells
B. Totipotent stem cells
C. Multipotent stem cells
D. Unipotent stem cells
Answer:
a
Explanation:
pluripotent stem cell
Answer:
pluripotent stem cell
Explanation:
Ape-x
what carries cell waste to the kidneys
Answer:
The urinary system
Explanation:
what 4 kingdoms are made up of eukaryotes
Answer:
Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
Explanation:
Answer:
Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
Explanation:
Eukaryotes represent a domain of life, but within this domain there are multiple kingdoms. The most common classification creates four kingdoms in this domain: Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
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Cystic fibrosis is a generic disorder
Answer:
If this is a question then yes. It is.
Explanation:
Cystic fibrosis is a inheirited or genetic disorder in the lungs.
Answer:
yes it is
Explanation:
during passive transport what are the concentration of substances on either side of the membrane trying to reach
Answer:
During passive transport, the concentration of substances on either side of the membrane are trying to reach equilibrium.
Explanation:
Passive transport can be described as the movement of molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration along a concentration gradient. As the molecule are higher at one side and lower on the other side, the molecules move so that there can be equal number of molecules on each side so that equilibrium can be reached and maintained.
For questions 1-5, complete each statement by writing the correct word or
words.
1. The building blocks of DNA are
2. Nucleotides in DNA are made of three basic components: a sugar called
, and a nitrogenous
3. DNA contains four kinds of nitrogenous bases:
, and
4. In DNA, can be joined in any order.
5. The nucleotides in DNA are joined by
bonds.
A student observed several slides with different cell types under a microscope. What's Pair slides contain cells that result from meiosis.
Answer:
2.3.4
Explanation:
2.3.4
Final answer:
Slides showing cells from meiosis will depict stages where chromosome number is halved, with key events like crossing over occurring in prophase I and independent assortment during metaphase I. These processes are evident in other slides at various meiotic stages and can be further understood with interactive animations.
Explanation:
The slides that contain cells resulting from meiosis will show various stages of cell division where the ploidy changes from diploid (2 sets of chromosomes) to haploid (1 set of chromosomes).
This reduction in chromosome number occurs during meiosis I, specifically in the transition from telophase I to cytokinesis, resulting in two haploid daughter cells. During meiosis II, these haploid cells will undergo a division similar to mitosis to produce four genetically unique haploid cells.
Key processes like crossing over and independent assortment contribute to genetic diversity and occur during prophase I and metaphase I, respectively.
Crossing over involves the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes, which can be seen under a microscope as chiasmata. Independent assortment is the random distribution of homologous chromosome pairs to daughter cells.
To visualize these processes using a microscope, you could examine Lilium anther slides during different meiotic stages, draw and label each phase, and note where crossing over or independent assortment occurs.
The observation of homologous chromosomes aligning and separating during the meiotic stages can be further explored through interactive animations focusing on the meiosis process.
Question 1 (1 point)
What are the two main sources of energy in the water cycle?
hydro energy and gravitational energy
O gravitational energy and mechanical energy
O kinetic energy and thermal energy
Ogravitational energy and thermal energy
Answer:
The correct answer is : Kinetic Energy and Thermal Energy.
Explanation:
Water Cycle involves the evaporation of water into water vapour, condensation of water vapour to form clouds followed by precipitation.The heat energy or thermal energy from the sun increases the vibration of water molecules (kinetic energy) to an extent that the change of state, from liquid to gas occurs resulting the formation of water vapour.The water vapour condenses to form clouds by releasing heat energy.When the water content in the cloud become more than its holding capacity, precipitation occurs.Which of the following would be a reason for species to undergo cyclic population changes?
Answer:
"The vegetation it eats increases and then decreases repeatedly with changing seasons" would be a reason for species to undergo cyclic population changes.
Explanation:
A keystone specie corresponds to an organism species which has disproportionately high environmental effects relative to its abundance or population.Many living organism population typically undergo cyclical shifts in size of population.
Cyclic oscillation leads to regular decline and fall across time in the population size of the living organism concerned.The cyclical population shifts are sometimes triggered by relationships between different organism populations. Disruptions in food availability, for an instance, may bring about cyclical shifts in population.
Which of the following is an input for cellular respiration?
a. co,
b. H20
c. sunlight
d. 02
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
0 0
<a oo
The input for cellular respiration is oxygen ( [tex]o_{2}[/tex] ) from the followings.
Explanation:
Cellular respiration is said to be the process when oxygen is taken in order to breakdown the food molecules in order to provide energy to cells and to eliminate the waste from the body. The energy provided to the cells is Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) which is the prime supplier of energy to the cell. The process of using oxygen to break the food is known as the oxidation process. The cellular respiration takes place in 4 phases they are glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, Krebs cycle, and electron transport chain. Due to the usage of oxygen, cellular respiration comes under aerobic respiration.Give two reasons why both men and women could become victims of violence
Answer:
It could be that the individual (male or female) has a high sense of vulnerability
And
The victim is known to be associating with the wrong peers
Explanation:
Within any large animal population, there is _______ a variety of traits.
And between different animal populations, there is _______ a variety of traits.
A.
never; sometimes
B.
sometimes; sometimes
C.
never; always
D.
always; always
Answer:
D. Always;Always
This law states that plants and animals evolve in a consistent
sequence
Answer:
Of the sun and oxygen
Explanation:
Prompt 1 Example: One characteristic of a stable society is ________. This is because _________. Another Characteristic is _________. This characteristic shows that the society is stable because _________.
Prompt 2 Example: Energy and economic development are related through ___________. This is because ____________.
Prompt 3 Example: One benefit of biotechnology is __________.This is because _______. Another benefit is __________. because it _________.
Explanation:
Prompt 1: One characteristics of a stable society is Cooperation.
This is because if there is no cooperation among the members of the society, then members cannot live happily in society.
Another characteristics is Interdependence.
This characteristic shows that the society is stable because it is not possible for human being to fulfill his need in isolation. Here, Society plays an important role, It fulfills the needs of the people living in society. Thus, this makes a society stable.
Prompt 2: Energy and economic development are related through growth. This is because the economic inputs such as labor, capital etc. and energies such as oil, coal etc are converted into economic outputs such as manufactured goods or products which leads to the growth of the organization.
Prompt 3: One benefit of biotechnology is that it increases farmers yield.
This is because more food is grown in less land. Soil conservation is improved by the farming technique. Plants are insect resistant.
Another benefit is it can reduce the rates of infectious diseases.
Vaccines are created with the help of Biotechnology to cure infectious diseases. It allows us to know how infectious diseases are transmitted so as to inhibit their transmission.
How is water used in homes, industry, and agriculture ?
Answer:
industrial water is used for fabricating, processing, washing, diluting, cooling, or transporting a product. In homes water is used to drinking, preparing food, bathing, washing clothes and dishes, brushing your teeth, watering the yard and garden, and even washing the dog. In agriculture it is used to grow plants and susutain livestock
Explanation:
Water is primarily used for agriculture, industry, and municipal needs. In agriculture, it is used for irrigation. In industry, it is essential as a coolant, solvent, and for generating electricity, while in homes, it is used for daily domestic tasks and treated after use.
Water is essential for various daily activities and industrial processes. The greatest use of water is in agriculture, where it is predominantly used for irrigation to grow crops. In the industrial sector, water plays a crucial role as a coolant, solvent, and as a part of many chemical processes. It is also vital in generating electricity, especially in nuclear power plants where it is used to moderate and cool the reactor core. For municipal use, which includes both homes and businesses, water is used for domestic purposes such as personal hygiene, food preparation, cleaning, gardening, and in sewage systems. In the home, water is utilized for drinking, cooking, bathing, washing dishes, doing laundry, and flushing toilets. After use, water is treated at sewage treatment plants before it can be prepared for reuse.
A rectangle garden has a length of 8 ft and a width of 4 ft. A smaller garden was made using a scale of factor of 3/4. Find the dimension of the smaller garden?N
Answer: The dimension of the smaller garden is 6ft x 3ft
Explanation:
The scale factor given from the question is reduction scale(3/4).
When the scale given is directly multiply by the value from the bigger garden of dimension 8ft x 4ft we have:
First multiply it by the length followed by the width as follows;
8x3/4= 6 then,
4x3/4= 3
So, from here we have the length of the smaller 6ft and the width is 3ft...
The correct answer is 6ft by 3ft.
A model of cell division is shown here. A student evaluates the model and makes the claim that the cell division increases genetic variation in the daughter cells. Which evidence from the model supports the student's claim?
Final answer:
The evidence from the given model that supports the claim that cell division increases genetic variation in the daughter cells is the fact that each division doubles the number of cells.
Explanation:
The evidence from the given model that supports the claim that cell division increases genetic variation in the daughter cells is the fact that each division doubles the number of cells. As the cell divides, the genetic information is replicated and distributed to each of the daughter cells. This process leads to an increase in the number of cells with different combinations of genes, resulting in genetic variation.
Match each description with correct process.
A) occurs only in cells containg chlorophyll F)CO2 and H2O are reactants
B)Carried ob by cells G) Does not need light
C) Produces energy H) Occurs in Mitochondria
D)Produces carbhydrates (sugars) I) Occurs in heterotrophs
E) CO2,H2O, and ATP are products J) Breaks bonds between phosphate
Explanation:
Match each description with correct process.
A) occurs only in cells containg chlorophyll : photosynthesis
B)Carried ob by cells : all metaboilc reactions
C) Produces energy : mitochondria
D)Produces carbhydrates (sugars): Dark reaction
E) CO2,H2O, and ATP are products : Respiration
F) Co2 and H2O are reactants : photosynthesis
G) Does not need light : respiration
H) Occurs in Mitochondria : chemical reactions that produces energy
) I) Occurs in heterotrophs : Parasitism
J) Breaks bonds between phosphate: an enzyme
a. What are at least 3 advantages of returning the forest along Lake Superior to what it was like in its natural state, 150 years ago?
In simple words, the forest can be stated as the opaque growth of tree covering the large area and it has lots of uses.
Explanation:
Forest help us to maintain the ecological balance. In earlier days, forest acts as a source of the medicine.It maintains the land and prevents soil erosion. The forest produces an enormous amount of oxygen and plays a role in climatic change.It plays a role in ecological functions and social and cultural benefits. The largest forest in the world is the Amazon forest which covers 2.2 million square miles.What does this same experiment tell you about light waves?
Answer:
For any experiment we can say that light waves are the electromagnetic waves because they make up what is known as the electromagnetic spectrum.
Explanation:
Light is the moving energy form that is made up of tiny particles known as photons.The light waves comprises of both magnetic and electric aspects hence known as electromagnetic.The process of propagation of light wave is : the fields vibrates perpendicularly in the same direction of propagation of the wave, and at 90 degree angle with each other.Similar to sound waves, light wave can interfere with each other.