The correct answer is letter A
Explanation: All of the men who had high PSA levels developed prostate cancer; several men who had low PSA levels also developed prostate cancer.
The correct statement is that all men with high PSA levels developed prostate cancer, and several men with low PSA levels also developed the disease (a). This indicates that the PSA test has high positive predictive value but lower negative predictive value, which means it might produce false negatives.
Explanation:The statement that would best characterize high positive predictive value but low negative predictive value for this prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening test is: 'All of the men who had high PSA levels developed prostate cancer; several men who had low PSA levels also developed prostate cancer.'
This means that the test is good at identifying prostate cancer when it's present (high positive predictive value), but not as good at ruling it out when it's not present (low negative predictive value). In other words, the test could potentially give false negatives, meaning that some men with low PSA levels may still develop prostate cancer.
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The topic of food production and consumption can be viewed from a variety of sociological perspectives. One point of view focuses on large corporations that rely on cheap labor (often seasonal, migrant labor) to maximize their profits. This point of view is most aligned with which sociological theory?
Answer:
Social conflict theory
Explanation:
The social conflict theory paints the society as one that is divided into a system of groups that are not equal. This results in conflicts between the various groups.
Considering the case in the question, two groups can clearly be identified. these are:
1. The large corporations, ( representing the rich and wealthy in the society)
2. The poor immigrant laborers who are easily dispatch able
Itemizing these two groups clearly show the economic inequalities that exist between them. As a result of this large economic inequality, conflicts erupt between the two groups as the oppressed clamor for their economic rights, while the oppressors continue to abuse them to make more profits.
Hence the point of view in question is mostly aligned with the social conflict theory.
An 81-year-old resident of a long-term care facility has confided in the nurse that the client is profoundly fearful of death. Within Erikson's psychosocial theory, this statement may suggest a failure to resolve which developmental conflict?
Answer:
Ego integrity versus despair
Explanation:
Ego integrity versus despair: In psychology, the term has been introduced by a psychologist named Erik Erikson and is considered as the last or the eighth stage in his theory of psychosocial development. This stage starts in the late adulthood period of an individual's life i.e, around sixty-five years of age and lasts through or ends at the death of the person.
During this period or stage, an individual tends to contemplate his or her accomplishments and therefore develops a sense of ego integrity if he or she sees oneself as leading a very successful life and develops despair if he or she feels of not leading a successful life.
The following attributes are commonly used to describe surveillance systems. Which of the attributes are critical for a surveillance system designed to detect and control infectious disease outbreaks and characterize populations at greatest risk for those diseases?
The following attributes are commonly used to describe surveillance systems. Which of the attributes are critical for a surveillance system designed to detect and control infectious disease outbreaks and characterize populations at greatest risk for those diseases?
A. Simplicity
B. Flexibility
C. Data quality
D. Acceptability
E. Sensitivity
F. Predictive value positive
G. Representativeness
H. Timeliness
I. Stability
Answer:
Sensitivity, Predictive value positive, representativeness and timeliness.
Explanation:
In order to detect outbreaks and thus group people based on greatest risks, it is mandatory for a surveillance system to be sensitive and thus detect a reasonable amount of cases in the community alongside changes in severity of cases over a period of time. It is also expected that there is high predictability and be representative of cases in the community capable of describing the occurrence of disease by person, time ad place. It should also be timely in its execution, without any delays, as this will allow investigation and control measures to commence quickly.
________ is the political principle that assigns different functions to different levels of government.
Answer: Federalism
Explanation:
The federalism is basically refers to the government system in which the power is basically divided between the national and the state levels. The federalism perform various types of functions in the form of written agreement that is specifically distributed in the process of law making.
The political system basically evolved the federalism philosophy and it also helps in improve the efficiency.
According to the given question, the federalism is basically refers to the political principle which basically assigning the various types different functions to the different government levels.
Therefore, Federalism is the correct answer.
Which of Erik Erikson’s psychosocial crises revolves around the child’s learning to direct his or her own behavior?
Answer:
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt.
Explanation:
Erickson believed that human personality evolves through eight stages of psychological development, from infancy to adulthood and autonomy vs. shame and doubt was the second stage which started at the age of 18 months upto 2-3 years. At this level performance of the children will lead to the virtue of the will, they exert greater control over their lives. If children are encouraged in their increased independence at this point, they will become more confident and secure about their own ability to survive in the world.
Dr. Grodner is conducting an experiment on age-related changes in memory. He is comparing how well retirees and high school students perform on a memory task. In order to conveniently schedule research participants, he has the older adults come to the lab during the day, since they are retired. The students come to the lab in the evening, after they are finished with school and other activities. What is the problematic confound in this study?
A. It is unfair to compare older adults to younger adults, because older adults sometimes experience memory problems.
B. Dr. Grodner has not operationally defined memory for the purposes of his study.
C. If memory turns out to be something that varies by time of day, it is problematic that the older adults all do the study in the morning and the younger adults do the study at night.
D. Older adults have a lot more memories than younger adults, which confound the study.
Answer: C. If memory turns out to be something that varies by time of day, it is problematic that the older adults all do the study in the morning and the younger adults do the study at night.
Explanation: Confounding variables are additional variables that are not considered in an experiment but however, have an effect on the results of the experiment. For example, if the time of the day affects the memory, this is a confounding variable and it may explain the differences between the memory of the retirees and the school students rather than their age.
Without considering this possibility, the result of Dr. Grodner's experiment will be useless and invalid.
The problematic confound in this study is the convenience of scheduling the older adults during the day and the younger adults in the evening, which introduces a potential time-of-day effect that could influence the results.
Explanation:The problematic confound in this study is option C, which states that if memory turns out to be something that varies by time of day, it is problematic that the older adults all do the study in the morning and the younger adults do the study at night.
The reason this is a confound is that by scheduling the older adults during the day and the younger adults in the evening, the study introduces a potential time-of-day effect that could influence the results. This means that any differences observed between the two groups may not be solely attributable to their age-related changes in memory. Instead, these differences could be due to the time of day when they were tested, making it difficult to determine the true effect of age on memory.
To eliminate this confound, Dr. Grodner should schedule both groups of participants at the same time of day or randomly assign them to different time slots to ensure that any observed differences are truly due to age-related changes in memory.
Polling, whether done by the media, interest groups, or politicians, is aimed at __________. gauging political culture measuring transparency capturing public opinion influencing public opinion
Answer: capturing public opinion
Explanation:
That's the absolute aim. Knowing what the public think about that particular issue.
Products include goods and services, as well as ___, which are thoughts, opinions, and philosophies that can be marketed, just as goods and services can. (Remember to type only one word in the blank.)
Answer:
Ideas
Explanation:
ideas usually lead to innovation that could become a catalyst for a new and emerging market. In most developed countries, Stealing ideas could make you subjected to a lawsuit.
A famous example of this would be Face-book.
MarkZucker berg was accused of stealing the ideas to create the site from the Winklevoss twins, who eventually brought Mark to the court. The twins won the case and receive around $65 million payout from the lawsuit.
Along with goods and services, the term 'products' may also refer to ideas, which include thoughts, opinions, or philosophies that can be marketed. Products include goods and services, as well as ideas, which are thoughts, opinions, and philosophies that can be marketed.
Explanation:Products, in the broadest sense, include goods and services but they also encompass another category often overlooked: ideas. These can be thoughts, opinions, and philosophies that can be marketed just as goods and services can. In fact, the knowledge economy thrives on the marketing and sales of these 'intellectual' products. For example, a thought leader might sell their unique insights or philosophies via books, webinars, or speaking engagements. This category of products is essential for understanding aspects of marketing and business in the digital age.
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The catharsis hypothesis suggests that people feel better if they vent their emotions by "blowing off steam." However, playing violent video games increases aggressive thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. These findings:______________
Answer:
Contradict the catharsis hypothesis
Explanation:
Catharsis in psychology is the process of releasing or venting out emotions.
Catharsis hypothesis believes that a person is relieved from aggressive emotions by releasing aggression through some form of action.
In the given case, both the subjects contradict each other because if aggressive emotions are released by 'blowing off steam' than playing violent games should not build aggressive thoughts. Or, if playing violent games build aggressive thoughts than 'blowing off steam' can not help in the catharsis hypothesis.
Professor Assad suggested that a cautious attitude toward sexual encounters has proven to be more reproductively advantageous to women than to men because the birth process is time-consuming. This suggestion best illustrates the logic of a(n) ________ theory of sexual behavior.a.evolutionaryb.social learningc.Freudiand.role
Answer: a. Evolutionary
Explanation:
Evolutionary is a gradual change as a result of growth. This is the view of Professor Assad's logic.
Which statement best compares the two jobs? Job A has a lower salary than job B, but the benefits make job A a more attractive pay package. Job B has a lower salary than job A, but the benefits make job B a more attractive pay package. Job A has a higher salary than job B plus benefits that make job A a more attractive pay package. Job B has a higher salary than job A plus benefits that make job B a more attractive pay package.
The correct answer is Job B has a lower salary than job A, but the benefits make job B a more attractive pay package
The comparison is similar to the metaphor used to demonstrate qualities or actions of elements.
Answer:
B on edge
Explanation:
Job B has a lower salary than job A, but the benefits make job B a more attractive pay package
Executive orders refer to the rights of presidents and their advisers, recognized by the Supreme Court to maintain the confidentiality of their conversations and communications.
a) true
b) false
Answer:
a) true
Explanation:
Executive orders or executive privilege is the right given to the President of United States of America and also to the members of the Executive branch to keep the official communications and conversation confidential under certain circumstances in the public interest.
This executive privilege is recognized by the Supreme Court of the United States.
Hence the answer is (a). TRUE.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
A service counter employs two servers. On average a server requires 8 minutes to process a customer and service times follow an exponential distribution. Customers arrive at the counter at the rate of 12 per hour according to a Poisson distribution. The average amount of time, in minutes, spent in the system (i.e., waiting and being served) is approximately:
Answer:
14.22 minutes
Explanation:
A service counter employs two servers. On average a server requires 8 minutes to process a customer and service times follow an exponential distribution. Customers arrive at the counter at the rate of 12 per hour according to a Poisson distribution. The average amount of time, in minutes, spent in the system (i.e., waiting and being served) is approximately: 14.22 minutes
Given a service rate of 15 customers per hour and an arrival rate of 12 customers per hour, the approximate average time a customer spends in the system, including both waiting and being served, is 20 minutes.
Explanation:The situation you described is a classic scenario in queuing theory, a mathematical approach to the study of waiting lines. Here, the service rate (µ) of servers is 1 / 8 customers per minute (since, on average, a server needs 8 minutes to process a customer) or 7.5 customers per hour, and there are two servers, so the total service rate is 2 * 7.5 = 15 customers per hour. The arrival rate (λ) of customers is 12 per hour.
For an M/M/2 queue (Markovian/Markovian/2 servers queue), where arrivals follow a Poisson distribution and service times follow an exponential distribution, the average time a customer spends in the system (waiting and being served) can be calculated by the formula:
R = 1 / (µ - λ).
Substituting the given λ and µ values into this formula gives an approximate average time spent in the system of:
R = 1 / (15 - 12) = 1 / 3 = 0.333 hours or 20 minutes.
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God is infinite, God is all. The prince, as prince, is not regarded as a private person: he is a public personage, all the state is in him; the will of all the people is included in his. As all perfection and all strength are united in God, so all the power of individuals is united in the person of the prince. What grandeur that a single man should embody so much?
Answer:
This speech is from Jacques Bénigne Bossuet, an 18th-century French bishop. According to him, a Prince is ONLY a God's representant on Earth, and because of that, a single man with this power was a grandeur honor. Most important, however, is the political inclination of Bousset. When we look at this speech, we see an alignment with the Absolutism.
Explanation:
Sometimes, a state will react differently to a buildup of another state's military capabilities depending upon whether they identify that other state as an enemy or a friend (e.g. the US might see a buildup of weapons in Canada as unproblematic, but be concerned about the same weapons-building process in North Korea). This is an example of an observation that is most consistent with which theoretical perspective?
Answer:constructivism
Explanation:What is constructivism? Constructivism is a theorical perpective that states that people construct their own knowledge and one's reality is determined by their experiences.
Constructivism believes that people construct their own knowledge and meaning and this meaning is always affected by their prior knowledge. Provided that the US has experienced violent encounter with the North Korea before is eventually going to affect the meaning they associate with build up of weapons in North Korea when compared to Canada which they have never had an violent encounter with before.
Postmodernism in law posits that concepts like justice and truth are not objective. Group of answer choices True False
Answer:True
Explanation: Postmodernist have high scepticism and they hold various views such as (1) they believe there is no objective reality , what ever is thought to be real is subjective (2) They deny the existence of scientific or historical truth (3) They consider technological development as just instrument of power.(4) They don't consider logic and reason as universally valid. (5) They don't consider knowledge to be certain.
____________ % of all recent graduates in research subfields of psychology are employed full-time in academic settings (APA, 2011).
Answer:
68% of all recent graduates in research subfields of psychology are employed full-time in academic settings.
Explanation:
The work opportunities available for the graduates of psychology and allied disciplines are mostly in the academic fields. It is because the psychological researches and studies carried out are possible mostly through or with the help of various educational institutions. The other opportunities available for graduates of psychology and allied disciplines are majorly in the military, medical services, etc.Under a ______ system of government, sovereignty / powers are shared between the national government and the states.
Answer: Federal
Explanation:
The federal system is one of the government form of developing the various types of power system that is specifically divided between the national and the state government.
The federal system is basically refers to system of assigning or dividing the power to each constitutions and it is also known as the federalism.
According to the given question, the federal system is one of the government form that sharing the power between the different forms of government.
Therefore, Federal system is the correct answer.
Disparate treatment occurs when either different standards are used to judge individuals or the same standard is used but it is not related to the individuals' jobs. True False
The answer is True
Explanation: Employers are allowed to retaliate against individuals who file discrimination charges.
What is the cocktail party effect? Group of answer choices
The ability to pay attention to one message and ignore others, yet hear distinctive features of the unattended messages.
The inability to pay attention to one message in the presence of competing messages.
The diminished awareness of information in a crowd.
The equal division of attention between competing messages.
Answer:
The ability to pay attention to one message and ignore others, yet hear distinctive features of the unattended messages.
Explanation:
In psychology, the term cocktail party effect refers to the phenomenon by which the brain can focus its attention on a particular stimulus while filtering out the other stimuli that are not relevant to it. This phenomenon happens especially at places where there's a lot of noise where the listener is able to focus his/her attention in one particular stimulus. However, if there is a distinctive stimulus (like someone saying your name) you can hear this part of the message even if your attention is focused somewhere else.
Therefore, we can conclude that the cocktail party effect is the ability to pay attention to one message and ignore others, yet hear distinctive features of the unattended messages.
The cocktail party effect in psychology refers to the human ability to focus on one conversation or sound in a noisy environment, while still being subtly aware of other 'unattended messages'.
Explanation:The Cocktail Party Effect is a psychological phenomenon that pertains to attention. More specifically, it refers to the human ability to pay attention to a single conversation or auditory input in a noisy environment, such as a crowded room or a 'cocktail party', while tuning out other conversations or sounds. Although the person is focusing on one specific source of sound, they remain aware of their surroundings to the extent that they can shift their attention if their name or some other 'distinctive feature' is mentioned in the unattended messages.
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Which of the following statements is false? a. The text contained in an identifying label should be left-aligned within the label. b. An identifying label should be positioned either above or to the right of the control it identifies. c. Identifying labels should use sentence capitalization. d. Identifying labels should end with a colon (:).
Answer:
The correct option is B: An identifying label should be positioned either above or to the right of the control it identifies.
Explanation:
The reason why option B is the false statement from the group of answers is that an identifying label is always positioned either above the control that it identifies or to the left of the control it identifies. It is never positioned to the right of the control and hence, this statement is false. More so, all other options mentioned are actually properties of identifying labels.
The Albertsons establish and enforce rules for their children to follow. They give reasons for the rules and invite their teenagers to join in the discussion when new rules are being made. Psychologists would characterize the Albertsons as ________ parents.
Answer:
Authoritative.
Explanation:
In authoritative parenting style, parents may have high expectations for their children but they also provide their children the resources and support to succeed in their life. Authoritative parents are responsive to the emotional needs of the child, while maintaining high standards. They set limits and they enforce borders very consistently.
A framework for the Constitution, introduced by William Paterson, that called for equal state representation in the national legislature regardless of population?
Answer:
New Jersey Plan framed by William Patterson.
Explanation:
This plan was introduced after Virginia plan framed by James Madison. It demanded that the representation of legislatures should be decided according to the number of population and it was in the interests of the larger states because they would have great representation in the assembly. And it was opposed by smaller states and in response, William framed the New Jersey Plan which manifested that each state will have a single vote, therefore, preventing larger states crushing the smaller ones.
The term _____ refers to being cognizant of the internal aspects of one's nature, such as personality traits, beliefs, emotions, and perceptions, and appreciating how your patterns affect other people.
Answer: Self-awareness
Explanation: Self-awareness simply means familiarity or knowledge of one's ability, character or individuality. It refers to an indepth knowledge and understanding of one's personal attribute. It is an individual's conscious knowledge or thought of one's own personality traits, emotion, feelings and perception. It enables an individual to acknowledge differences in his behavioral patterns and that of others within the environment.
Anwar dresses for a cold fall day and steps outside to find it sunny and hot. He goes back inside to change out of his sweater and jeans into a shirt and shorts. Anwar is demonstrating the ________ intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence.
Answer:
practical
Explanation:
Robert Sternberg has proposed the "triarchic theory of intelligence" and determined that there are three different types of intelligence including analytical, practical, and creative intelligence that an individual possesses.
Practical intelligence: In psychology, the term "practical intelligence" is described as an individual's capability to find or look for the best alternative through which he or she can fit between the demands of his or her surrounding environment and himself or herself.
In the question above, Anwar is demonstrating the practical intelligence.
Anwar is demonstrating the practical intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence.
The following information should be considered:
Practical intelligence means an individual's ability to determine or look for the best alternative via which he or she can fit that lies between the demands of his or her surrounding environment.It should be for himself or herself.Learn more: brainly.com/question/17429689
In an industrial research laboratory, Drs. French and Heinz are conducting an experiment on the effects of sugar on consumers' perception of condiment flavor. Participants are randomly assigned to a sugar-sweetened, reduced-sugar, or sugar-free groups. Participants then rate condiment flavor on a variety of scales. In this experiment, flavor perception is the _____ variable.
a. control
b. experimental
c. independent
d. dependent
Answer:
d. dependent
Explanation:
In research, we usually have two different types of variables:
The independent variable is the one that the researchers can control and that will have an effect on another variable.The dependent variable is the one that cannot be controlled and that is affected by the independent variable. Researchers observe this variable to see how it changes. This is the variable that will be tested or measured.In this example, Drs. French and Heinz are conducting an experiment on the effects of sugar on consumers' perception of condiment flavor. We can see that they think sugar will affect the perception of condiment flavor. Since this variable is the one that will be affected and that will later be measured on a variety of scales we can say that flavor perception is the dependent variable.
In the given experiment, the 'flavor perception' is the dependent variable, as its value is influenced by the changes in the independent variable which is the sugar levels.
Explanation:In the described experiment, Drs. French and Heinz are studying the effect of different levels of sugar (sugar-sweetened, reduced-sugar, or sugar-free) on consumers' perception of condiment flavor. The variable of 'flavor perception', which results from the manipulation of sugar levels, is the dependent variable. Specifically, dependent variables are the outcomes that we measure in an experiment. These outcomes depend on changes in the independent variables, which, in the context of this study, are the sugar levels.
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One study of subliminal perception presented statements from one of five categories on an auditory tape that was played backwards. Listeners tried to identify which of the five categories applied to each statement. Results showed they were correct approximately ___ percent of the time.
Answer: Results showed they were correct approximately 20 percent of the time.
When Socrates first asks what piety is, Euthyphro initially claims that it is... a. acting kindly and fairly. b. treating everyone equally. c. being very religious. d. prosecuting wrongdoers.
Euthyphro initially claims that it is d. prosecuting wrongdoers.
Explanation:
Socrates was a great Greek philosopher and famous for his Western ethical tradition of thought. Socrates is one among the founders of Western philosophy.
According to Euthyphro, holy is what is agreeable to the gods. But Socrates disagree with Euthyphro, he mentions that the point agreed by one individual may not be agreeable to all.
Euthyphro defines piety as which is loved by the gods. He also argues that god love things which are spiritual.
Including the word ‘maternity’ in the alt text and file name of several images on the maternity category page of Jane will improve the page’s relevance score for searches using the word ‘maternity’. What other benefit can result from this?
Answer:
The images are more likley to show up on image searches that use 'maternity'
One of the great debates that has shaped the field of psychology is the question of whether people choose their behaviors or are obliged to act in certain ways by factors beyond their control. This is known as the __________ debate.
Answer:
Free Will - Determinism Debate
Explanation:
In the Free Will - Determinism Debate, two opposing views about human psychology clash.
Those who believe in free will think that humans have agency to act in the ways they want, and to freely decide what course of action to take according to external conditions. (even if they cannot fully control those external conditions).
Those who believe in determinism think that free will does not exist because external conditions, or conditions outside one's control, always determine (hence the term determinism) the course of action of life path that a person takes.