Answer:
Moles of Carbon in the product = 0.183 mol
Explanation:
Complete combustion of an organic compound in the presence of excess oxygen will give carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapour(H2O).
Equation of reaction
CxHyOz(s) + (2x + y/2 - z)/2 O2(g) --> x CO2(g) + y/2 H2O(l)
Moles of products
CO2
Molar mass of CO2 = 12 + (16*2)
= 44 g/mol
n(CO2) = 8.07/44.0
= 0.183 mol
One compound of CO2 has 1 Carbon atom and 2 Oxygen atom.
So if we have,
0.183 moles of carbon dioxide then
0.183 moles of carbon.
The mass of carbon in the product, m = 0.183*12
= 2.20 g
H2O:
Molar mass of H2O = (1*2) + 16
= 18 g/mol
Number of moles of H2O =
= 3.3/18
= 0.183 mol
One compound of H2O has 2 Hydrogen atom and 1 Oxygen atom.
0.183 moles of water then we also have
= 2*(0.183)
= 0.367 moles of hydrogen in the sample.
The mass of hydrogen in the compound, m
= 0.367*1
= 0.367 g
Adding these two values together will give us the mass of our compound that C and H;
2.2 + 0.367
= 2.567 g
So for the Oxygen,
5.5 g - 2.567
= 2.933 g
Moles of Oxygen;
Molar mass of O = 16 g/mol
= 2.933/16
= 0.183 mol
There are 0.030 moles of carbon in the original sample as per the mole concept.
Mole is defined as the unit of amount of substance . It is the quantity measure of amount of substance of how many elementary particles are present in a given substance.
It is defined as exactly 6.022×10²³ elementary entities. The elementary entity can be a molecule, atom ion depending on the type of substance. Amount of elementary entities in a mole is called as Avogadro's number.
It is given by the formula,
[tex]\rm{number \ of \ moles}=\dfrac{\rm{mass}}{molar \ mass}[/tex]
The given values are,mass=[tex]5.50 \ g[/tex]
molar mass=[tex]178g/mol[/tex]
Substitution of values in formula gives,
[tex]\rm{number \ of \ moles}=\dfrac{5.50}{178}\\=0.030[/tex]
Thus, there are 0.030 moles of carbon in the original sample as per the mole concept.
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Arrange the following 0.10 MM solutions in order of increasing acidity: (i) NH4NO3NH4NO3, (ii) NaNO3NaNO3, (iii) CH3COONH4CH3COONH4, (iv) NaFNaF, (v) CH3COONa
Final answer:
To arrange the solutions in order of increasing acidity, we must understand their hydrolysis reactions. The order from least acidic to most acidic is: CH3COONa, NaF, NaNO3, CH3COONH4, NH4NO3.
Explanation:
To arrange the 0.10 M solutions in order of increasing acidity, we need to consider the nature of each compound in water and the consequent effect on pH. Salt solutions can be acidic, neutral, or basic, depending on the ions they release into solution.
(i) NH4NO3: This salt forms from a weak base (NH4OH) and a strong acid (HNO3), so its solution is acidic because the NH4+ ion hydrolyzes to produce acid.
(ii) NaNO3: Na+ is from a strong base (NaOH), and NO3- is from a strong acid (HNO3), so the solution is neutral as neither ion hydrolyzes significantly.
(iii) CH3COONH4: This is a salt of a weak acid (CH3COOH) and a weak base (NH4OH), but since weak bases generally hydrolyze more compared to weak acids, this solution is slightly acidic.
(iv) NaF: This salt dissociates into Na+ (from NaOH, a strong base) and F- (from HF, a weak acid). The F- ion hydrolyzes water to form HF and OH-, making the solution basic.
(v) CH3COONa: This is a salt of a weak acid (CH3COOH) and a strong base (NaOH), so the solution is basic due to the hydrolysis of the acetate ion forming OH-.In summary, the order of increasing acidity (from least acidic to most acidic) is: CH3COONa < NaF < NaNO3 < CH3COONH4 < NH4NO3.
What is the empirical formula of a compound composed of 3.25% hydrogen ( H ), 19.36% carbon ( C ), and 77.39% oxygen ( O ) by mass? Insert subscripts as needed. empirical formula: HCO HCO
Final answer:
The empirical formula for this compound is CH₂O.
Explanation:
To find the empirical formula of a compound with given mass percentages, we first assume a sample size of 100 grams. This makes it easy to convert mass percent to grams directly. For the compound containing 40.0% C, 6.71% H, and 53.28% O, we would have 40.0 grams of carbon, 6.71 grams of hydrogen, and 53.28 grams of oxygen.
Next, we convert these masses to moles using the molar mass of each element (Carbon: 12.01 g/mol, Hydrogen: 1.008 g/mol, Oxygen: 16.00 g/mol).
Carbon: 40.0 g ÷ 12.01 g/mol = 3.33 moles of CHydrogen: 6.71 g ÷ 1.008 g/mol = 6.66 moles of HOxygen: 53.28 g ÷ 16.00 g/mol = 3.33 moles of OTo determine the simplest integer ratio of the elements, divide the moles of each element by the smallest number of moles calculated. In this case, all values come down to 1, which gives us the simple ratio of 1:2:1. Thus, the empirical formula is CH₂O.
Determine the concentration of a solution made by dissolving 44.0 g of calcium chloride (CaCl2) in 0.30 L of solution. SHOW YOUR WORK for credit. Partial credit is awarded! Correct answers with no work will not receive credit. Reminder of the the steps: 1. Identify what you know and what you want, and the units. Known: 0.30 L, 44.0 g CaCl2 Want: molarity (mol /L ) 2. Find the amount of CaCl2 in moles. molar Mass of CaCl2 = 110.98 g/mol. Formula: Moles = grams / molar mass 3. Use dimensional analysis to set up and solve equation. Formula: M = mol solute / L solution
Answer:
[CaCl₂] = 1.32 M
Explanation:
We know the volume of solution → 0.30 L
We know the mass of solute → 44 g of CaCl₂
Let's convert the mass of solute to moles.
44 g . 1 mol / 110.98 g = 0.396 moles
Molarity (mol/L) → 0.396 mol / 0.3 L = 1.32 M
18 g of argon occupy 750 ml at a particular temperature and pressure. How many grams of methane would occupy the same volume at the same temperature and pressure?
Answer:
7.21 grams is the mass of methane
Explanation:
We may use the Ideal Gases Equation to solve this:
P. V = n. R. T
Let's determine the moles of Ar
18 g . 1 mol/ 39.9 g = 0.451 mol
In both situations, volume, temperature and pressure are the same so the moles of methane will also be the same as Argon's.
Let's convert the moles to mass of CH4.
0.451 mol . 16g/1mol = 7.21 grams
Final answer:
To determine how many grams of methane would occupy 750 ml at the same temperature and pressure as 18 g of argon, calculate the moles of argon and equate it to the moles of methane needed. The mass of methane is found using its molar mass, resulting in 7.2 g.
Explanation:
The question asks about the mass of methane that would occupy the same volume under the same conditions as a given mass of argon. To solve this, we can use the Ideal Gas Law, which is PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, T is the temperature, R is the gas constant, and n is the number of moles. Since temperature and pressure are constant, and assuming ideal conditions, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles. The molar mass of argon (Ar) is approximately 40 g/mol, and the molar mass of methane (CH4) is approximately 16 g/mol.
Given 18 g of Ar, we first find the number of moles of Ar: moles of Ar = 18 g / (40 g/mol) = 0.45 moles. Assuming the same number of moles are required for methane to occupy the same volume at the same conditions, we can calculate the mass of CH4 required: mass of CH4 = 0.45 moles * (16 g/mol) = 7.2 g.
Therefore, 7.2 g of methane would occupy 750 ml at the same temperature and pressure as 18 g of argon.
The current model of the atom in which essentially all of an atom's mass is contained in a very small nucleus, whereas most of an atom's volume is due to the space in which the atom's electrons move was established by OA) Millikan's oil drop experiment B) Rutherford's gold foil experiment C) Thomson's cathode ray tube experiment. D) None of these
The current model of the atom was established by Rutherford's gold foil experiment. This experiment proved that atoms are mostly empty space with a small, dense nucleus, replacing Thomson's plum pudding model.
Explanation:The current model of the atom in which essentially all of an atom's mass is contained in a very small nucleus, whereas most of an atom's volume is due to the space in which the atom's electrons move, was established by B) Rutherford's gold foil experiment. In this experiment, Rutherford observed that most of the alpha particles passed straight through the gold foil which indicated that atoms are mostly empty space with a small, dense nucleus. This model replaced the previously accepted Thomson's plum pudding model. Thus, the structure of the atom as we know it today, was primarily established through Rutherford's experiment.
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How much water can be raised from 25*C (room temperature) to 37*C (body temperature) by adding the 2,000 kJ in a Snickers bar?
Answer:
m = 39834.3 g
Explanation:
Given data:
Mass of water raised = ?
Initial temperature = 25°C
Final temperature = 37°C
Energy added = 2000 Kj (2000 ×1000= 2000,000 j
Solution:
Formula:
Q = m.c. ΔT
Q = amount of heat absorbed or released
m = mass of given substance
c = specific heat capacity of substance
ΔT = change in temperature
ΔT = T2 - T1
ΔT = 37°C - 25°C
ΔT = 12°C
c = 4.184 g/j.°C
Q = m.c. ΔT
2000,000j = m .4.184 g/j.°C. 12°C
2000,000j = m. 50.208 g/j
m = 2000,000j / 50.208 g/j
m = 39834.3 g
Which phrase is the best description of an artificial satellite
A. A rocket that has a very small amount of thrust
B. A spacecraft that orbits a celestial body
C. A telescope that allows you to see distant planets
D. A spacecraft that can carry people to the Moon
Answer:
B
Explanation:
got it right on A P E X
A formula for a cough syrup contains 60 mg of codeine per fluid ounce. How many mg are contained in one teaspoonful?
Answer : The amount of codeine in one teaspoonful is, 30 mg
Explanation : Given,
Amount of codeine per fluid ounce = 60 mg
Now we have to determine the amount of codeine present in one teaspoonful.
As we know that:
1 teaspoonful = 0.5 fluid ounce
As, the amount of codeine per fluid ounce = 60 mg
So, the amount of codeine 0.5 fluid ounce = [tex]\frac{0.5}{1}\times 60mg=30mg[/tex]
Thus, the amount of codeine in one teaspoonful is, 30 mg
Consider the chemical reaction described by the following equation.
HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)
ΔH = −58 kJ
What would be the enthalpy, in kilojoules, for the reaction
2NaCl(aq) + 2H2O(l) → 2HCl(aq) + 2NaOH(aq)
ΔH = ?
Answer:
ΔH = + 116 kJ
Explanation:
The equation for the reaction is given as;
HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) ΔH = - 58 kJ
If we multiply the above equation all through with (2); we have:
2 × (HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) ΔH = - 58 kJ)
2HCl(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + 2H2O(l) ΔH = - 116 kJ
If we tend to reverse the above equation; we have
2NaCl(aq) + 2H2O(l) → 2HCl(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) ΔH = + 116 kJ
∴ The reaction is said to be endothermin , as 116 kJ are absorbed.
The enthalpy change for the given reaction can be used to determine the enthalpy change for a related reaction by using the additive property.
The enthalpy change (ΔH) for a chemical reaction is a measure of the heat energy transferred during the reaction. In this case, the enthalpy change for the given reaction is -58 kJ. To find the enthalpy change for the reaction 2NaCl(aq) + 2H2O(l) → 2HCl(aq) + 2NaOH(aq), we can use the fact that the enthalpy change is additive. Since the reaction is being doubled, the enthalpy change will also be doubled. Therefore, the enthalpy change for this reaction would be -116 kJ.
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Calculate the number of moles of each compound, given the number of molecules. If you need to make a number a superscript, put a ^ in front of the number. For example, 2.45 x 1022 would be written as 2.45 x 10^22. 2.46 x 1021 molecules of CO2 10,000 molecules of H2O 8.75 x 1032 molecules of C6H12O6
The number of moles in each compound is:
2.46 x 10²¹ molecules CO₂ = 0.00408 mol CO₂10,000 molecules H₂O = 1.66 × 10⁻²⁰ mol H₂O8.75 x 10³² molecules C₆H₁₂O₆ = 1.45 × 10⁹ mol C₆H₁₂O₆What is Avogadro's number?
It is the number of atoms or molecules in one mole of a substance, equal to 6.023 × 10²³.
We want to convert molecules to moles, so Avogadro's number will be the conversion factor.
2.46 x 10²¹ molecules CO₂ × 1 mol CO₂/6.023 × 10²³ molecules = 0.00408 mol CO₂10,000 molecules H₂O × 1 mol H₂O/6.023 × 10²³ molecules = 1.66 × 10⁻²⁰ mol H₂O8.75 x 10³² molecules C₆H₁₂O₆ × 1 mol C₆H₁₂O₆/6.023 × 10²³ molecules = 1.45 × 10⁹ mol C₆H₁₂O₆The number of moles in each compound is:
2.46 x 10²¹ molecules CO₂ = 0.00408 mol CO₂10,000 molecules H₂O = 1.66 × 10⁻²⁰ mol H₂O8.75 x 10³² molecules C₆H₁₂O₆ = 1.45 × 10⁹ mol C₆H₁₂O₆Learn more about Avogadro's number here: https://brainly.com/question/8946174
Final answer:
To find the moles for CO2, H2O, and C6H12O6, we divide the number of molecules by Avogadro's number, yielding 4.09 × 10^-3 mol for CO2, 1.66 × 10^-20 mol for H2O, and 1.45 × 10^9 mol for C6H12O6.
Explanation:
To calculate the number of moles of each compound given the number of molecules, we will use Avogadro's number (6.022 × 10^23), which represents the number of particles in one mole of a substance. The formula to convert molecules to moles is:
Number of moles = (Number of molecules) / (Avogadro's number)
For CO2 (carbon dioxide):
Number of moles = (2.46 × 10^21 molecules) / (6.022 × 10^23 molecules/mol) ≈ 4.09 × 10^-3 mol
For H2O (water):
Number of moles = (10,000 molecules) / (6.022 × 10^23 molecules/mol) ≈ 1.66 × 10^-20 mol
For C6H12O6 (glucose):
Number of moles = (8.75 × 10^32 molecules) / (6.022 × 10^23 molecules/mol) ≈ 1.45 × 10^9 mol
Ethanol has a heat of vaporization of 38.56kj/mol and a normal boiling point of 78.4 ∘c.
This is an incomplete question, here is a complete question.
Ethanol has a heat of vaporization of 38.56 kJ/mol and a normal boiling point of 78.4 °C. What is the vapor pressure of ethanol at 14 °C?
Answer : The vapor pressure of ethanol at [tex]14.0^oC[/tex] is [tex]5.174\times 10^{-2}atm[/tex]
Explanation :
The Clausius- Clapeyron equation is :
[tex]\ln (\frac{P_2}{P_1})=\frac{\Delta H_{vap}}{R}\times (\frac{1}{T_1}-\frac{1}{T_2})[/tex]
where,
[tex]P_1[/tex] = vapor pressure of ethanol at [tex]14.0^oC[/tex] = ?
[tex]P_2[/tex] = vapor pressure of ethanol at normal boiling point = 1 atm
[tex]T_1[/tex] = temperature of ethanol = [tex]14.0^oC=273+14.0=287K[/tex]
[tex]T_2[/tex] = normal boiling point of ethanol = [tex]78.4^oC=273+78.4=351.4K[/tex]
[tex]\Delta H_{vap}[/tex] = heat of vaporization = 38.56 kJ/mole = 38560 J/mole
R = universal constant = 8.314 J/K.mole
Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:
[tex]\ln (\frac{1atm}{P_1})=\frac{38560J/mole}{8.314J/K.mole}\times (\frac{1}{287K}-\frac{1}{351.4K})[/tex]
[tex]P_1=5.174\times 10^{-2}atm[/tex]
Hence, the vapor pressure of ethanol at [tex]14.0^oC[/tex] is [tex]5.174\times 10^{-2}atm[/tex]
Using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation and the given values, the vapor pressure of ethanol at 19 °C is approximately 6.94 kPa.
To determine the vapor pressure of ethanol at 19 °C, we can use the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, which relates the temperature and pressure of a substance.
Clausius-Clapeyron equation: [tex]\[ \ln\left(\frac{P_2}{P_1}\right) = -\frac{\Delta H_{\text{vap}}}{R} \times \left(\frac{1}{T_2} - \frac{1}{T_1}\right) \][/tex]
Where:
[tex]\[ \Delta H_{\text{vap}} = \text{Enthalpy of vaporization (38.56 kJ/mol = 38,560 J/mol)} \][/tex][tex]\[ R = \text{Universal gas constant (8.314 J/mol K)} \][/tex]T₁ = Initial temperature in Kelvin (78.4°C = 351.55 K)T₂ = Final temperature in Kelvin (19°C = 292.15 K)P₁ = Vapor pressure at T₁ (1 atm = 101.3 kPa)P₂ = Vapor pressure at T₂ (unknown)We can rearrange and solve for P₂:
[tex]\[ \ln\left(\frac{P_2}{101.3}\right) = -\frac{38,560}{8.314} \times \left(\frac{1}{292.15} - \frac{1}{351.55}\right) \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \ln\left(\frac{P_2}{101.3}\right) = -\frac{38,560}{8.314} \times (0.003423 - 0.002845) \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \ln\left(\frac{P_2}{101.3}\right) = -\frac{38,560}{8.314} \times 0.000578 \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \ln\left(\frac{P_2}{101.3}\right) = -2.679 \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \frac{P_2}{101.3} = e^{-2.679} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \frac{P_2}{101.3} = 0.0685 \][/tex]
[tex]\[ P_2 = 0.0685 \times 101.3 \][/tex]
[tex]\[ P_2 \approx 6.94 \text{ kPa} \][/tex]
What is the symbol (including the atomic number, mass number, and element symbol) for the nitrogen isotope with 8 neutrons?
Answer:
¹⁵₇N
Explanation:
Nitrogen
Element Symbol - N
Atomic Number (No of protons) = 7
Neutrons = 8
Mass Number (Protons + Neutrons) = 7 + 8 = 15
The symbol for the nitrogen isotope with 8 neutrons is N-15.
Explanation:The symbol for an element represents its identity, and is composed of the element's atomic number and an elemental symbol. The atomic number represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. The mass number represents the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. To determine the symbol for the nitrogen isotope with 8 neutrons, we need to identify the atomic number and mass number for nitrogen. Nitrogen has an atomic number of 7, which means it has 7 protons. Since the mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons, we can subtract 8 neutrons from the mass number to find the number of protons in the isotope. Therefore, the nitrogen isotope with 8 neutrons has an atomic number of 7 and a mass number of 15. The symbol for nitrogen is N, so the symbol for the nitrogen isotope with 8 neutrons is N-15.
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An aqueous mixture containing starch (a colloid), Nacl, glucose, and albumin (a colloid) is placed in a dialyzing bag and in distilled water. Which of the following correctly describes the location of the indicated substance after dialysis? starch outside O water inside only O albumin, inside albumin inside and outside starch inside and outside My Answers Give Up Submit provide Eeedback Continue
An aqueous mixture containing starch (a colloid), NaCl, glucose, and albumin (a colloid) is placed in a dialyzing bag and immersed in distilled water. Which of the following correctly describes the location of the indicated substance after dialysis?
A-albumin, inside
B-starch outside
C-albumin inside and outside
D-water inside only
E-starch inside and outside
Answer: A Correct
Explanation: A dialyzing bag is a visking device i.e. artificial semi-permeable membrane tubing used for a differential molecular movement across to the medium/cell membrane (separation techniques), that allows the flow of smaller molecules (low-molecular-weight molecules) in solution on the basis of differential diffusion.
Tiny molecules like water and glucose can pass through its microscopic pores while larger molecules like salt ions of NaCl, albumin, sucrose and starch cannot pass through the pore.
So, the salt ions of NaCl, albumin, sucrose and starch stays inside the bag, only glucose can go out of the bag and water may also diffuse into the bag from outside .
After dialysis, starch will be found outside the bag, while glucose, albumin, and NaCl will be found inside the bag.
An aqueous mixture containing starch (a colloid), NaCl, glucose, and albumin (a colloid) is placed in a dialyzing bag and in distilled water. After dialysis, the starch will be found outside the bag, while the glucose, albumin, and NaCl will be found inside the bag. The starch particles are too large to pass through the semi-permeable dialyzing membrane, so they remain outside the bag, while the smaller glucose, albumin, and NaCl molecules are able to pass through the membrane and are found inside the bag.
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THE LAST QUESTION I NEED, PLEASE HELP! WILL MARK BRAINLIEST IF CORRECT!
Above which point on a phase diagram can you no longer distinguish between a liquid and a gas?
melting point
triple point
critical point
boiling point
Critical Point
I took the test
Hydrogen bonds are too weak to bind atoms together to form molecules, but they do hold different parts of a single large molecule in a specific three-dimensional shape. Hydrogen bonds are too weak to bind atoms together to form molecules, but they do hold different parts of a single large molecule in a specific three-dimensional shape. True False
Answer: True
Explanation:
Hydrogen bonds are special type of dipole dipole forces which are formed when hydrogen atom bonds with an electronegative element.
This important property of hydrogen bond occurs in polar molecules such as water which contains partial negative charges at one region of a molecule and also a partial positive charge elsewhere in the molecule.
Hydrogen bonds are weak and easily broken but when many hydrogen bonds are present, they are very strong.
Hydrogen bond is present in macromolecules such as DNA which holds the strands together.
Hydrogen bonds can bind atoms together to form molecules and hold different parts of a large molecule in a specific shape.
False
Explanation:False
Hydrogen bonds can actually be quite strong and are able to bind atoms together to form molecules. They are responsible for holding different parts of a single large molecule in a specific three-dimensional shape, which is important for the molecule's function. For example, in the structure of DNA, hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs hold the two strands together.
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At 15°C, the value of Kw is 4.5 × 10⁻¹⁵. What is the equilibrium concentration of OH⁻ at this temperature?
Answer:
Explanation:
In this problem, only the Kw is given and you need to figure out what the [OH-] concentration is. The only was of going such is filling in "x" for both [H+] and [OH-] due to both parts of the equation not being listed. From here, just solve for "x".
At 15°C, the equilibrium concentration of OH⁻ ions in pure water is calculated to be approximately 6.7 × 10⁻⁸ M using the square root of the given Kw value, 4.5 x 10⁻¹⁵.
Explanation:In the given question, we are asked to calculate the equilibrium concentration of hydroxide ions, [OHˉ], at a temperature of 15°C where the autoionization constant of water (Kw) is given to be 4.5 × 10⁻¹⁵. We know that:
Kw = [H3O+][OHˉ].
In pure water at equilibrium, the concentration of H3O+ equals the concentration of OHˉ. Hence, we can rewrite the expression as:
Kw = [OHˉ]² or [OHˉ] = √Kw.
Substituting Kw with 4.5 × 10⁻¹⁵, we find:
[OHˉ] = √(4.5 × 10⁻¹⁵) = 6.7 × 10⁻⁸ M
This means, at 15°C, the equilibrium concentration of OHˉ is 6.7 × 10⁻⁸ M.
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As long as there is some residual liquid present after equilibrium is reached, the vapor pressure of a liquid at any given temperature is an intensive property of the liquid.
Is this true or false?
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Every material in made up of intensive or extensive property. Intensive property of a system does not depend on the system size or the amount of material in the system. But extensive property on the other hand depends on the amount of material present in the system.
Examples of intensive properties include temperature, density, vapor pressure and viscosity.
Assuming that there is some residual liquid left after equilibrium is reached, no matter how much liquid is present, at any given temperature, the vapor pressure will be the same because it is an intensive property.
Researchers tested a meteorite for organic molecules containing 13C and 15N, which are carbon and nitrogen atoms with one extra neutron. However, a skeptic questions whether these "heavy" carbon and nitrogen isotopes would readily bond to make organic molecules such as amino acids and nitrogenous bases. Would extra neutrons affect the bonding of heavy carbon and nitrogen atoms?
1.Yes, extra neutrons would make carbon and nitrogen more likely to bond.
2.No, because only electrons are involved in bonding.
3.No, because the number of protons remains the same.
4.Yes. Atoms with extra neutrons must also have extra electrons, which would affect bonding.
Answer:
The correct option is 2.No, because only electrons are involved in bonding.
Explanation:
The type of bond formed by carbon and nitrogen (carbon-nitrogen bond) is covalent bond
Also known as molecular bond, a covalent bond involves the sharing of pairs of electrons (known as bonding pairs or shared pairs) between the carbon and nitrogen atoms forming stable, balanced forces in attraction and repulsion as they share common electrons in their compounds.
This electron sharing covalent bond is what enables the formation of the several compounds between carbon and nitrogen for example, in an amine, nitrogen which has five electrons, has two remaining electrons that forms a lone pair whereby it can combine further with other elements.
Hence the factor that influences the bonds to make the numerous organic molecules is the available electrons which constitutes the shared electron pairs in covalent bonds while the neutrons which function is to keep the repulsive forces of positively charged protons from ripping the nucleus apart.
Students wanted to test which acid was most effective at preventing hornworms from feeding on tomato plants. The students sprayed salicylic acid on one group of 15 tomato plants and jasmonic acid on a second group of 15 tomato plants. then students placed one hornworm, with a mass of 30 to 35 mg on each tomato plant. The students recorded the mass of the hornworms after one week. Which of these should the students do to make their conclusion more scientifically valid?
a. they should spray each tomato plant with more than one acid
b. they should place different kinds of worms on the tomato plants
c. they should place more than one hornworm on each tomato plant
d. they should determine the average mass of the tomato plants along with the mass of the hornworms
they should place more than one hornworm on each tomato plant
Answer: Option D
They should determine the average mass of the tomato plants along with the mass of the hornworms
Explanation:
Determining the average mass of the tomato along with the mass of hornworms will tell the researcher whether the hornworms is still feeding on the tomato or not.
If the mass of the tomato is reducing, then the researcher would know that the acid is not effective in keeping the hornworms away from the tomato or otherwise.
Which of the following statements about noncovalent interactions are true? Charge-charge interactions (salt bridge, ionic bond) are electrostatic interactions between a pair of ions. The energies of dipolar interactions depend on the relative orientation of the dipole. Van der Waals interactions have the shortest interaction range of noncovalent interactions. Hydrogen bonds are not directional.
Answer:
Charge-charge interactions (salt bridge, ionic bond) are electrostatic interactions between a pair of ions is True.
Explanation:
Electrostatic interaction between pairs of ions involves the transfer of ion/charges from two bonding elements in their ionic state
In a laboratory activity, the density of a sample of vanadium is determined to be 6.9 g/cm3 at room temperature. What is the percent error for the determined value? * 0.15% 0.87% 13% 15%
Answer:
13%
Explanation:
%error = (Experimental Value - Accepted Value) / Accepted Value * (100)
Exp = 6.9
Acc = 6.11
Answer:15%
Explanation:
Refer to table S and T for the accepted value of Vanadiums density (6.0 g/cm^3) and the formula for calculating percent error
_____ is the process of an atom giving up or gaining one or more electrons through its interactions with other atoms.
Answer: ionization
Explanation:
is the minimum amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron of an isolated neutral gaseous atom or molecule
Ionic bonding is the process of an atom giving up or gaining one or more electrons through its interactions with other atoms. It involves the transfer of electrons between atoms to form ions and create an ionic bond.
Explanation:Ionic bonding is the process of an atom giving up or gaining one or more electrons through its interactions with other atoms.
During this process, atoms with fewer electrons in their outermost energy level, known as valence electrons, tend to give up those electrons and become positively charged ions. Atoms with more valence electrons tend to gain electrons and become negatively charged ions. This transfer of electrons creates an electrostatic attraction between the positive and negative ions, resulting in the formation of an ionic bond.
For example, in the compound sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium loses one electron to become a positively charged ion (Na+) and chlorine gains that electron to become a negatively charged ion (Cl-). The positively charged sodium ion and the negatively charged chloride ion are then attracted to each other, forming an ionic bond.
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Which response contains all of the following I) PCl3 + 3 H2O → 3 HCl + H3PO3 II) Fe2O3 + 3 CO → 2 Fe + 3 CO2 III) CaCO3 + 2 HNO3 → Ca(NO3)2 + CO2 + H2O that are oxidation-reduction reactions and no others?
Answer:
II) This is because Fe₂O₃ is reduced to Fe and CO is oxidized to CO₂
Explanation:
The equation II which is Fe₂O₃ + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO₂ is the only exclusive oxidation-reduction reaction since, Fe₂O₃ is reduced to Fe by the removal of oxygen and CO is oxidized to CO₂ by the addition of oxygen.
Equation I is a hydrolysis reaction while equation III is an acid-base reaction. There is change of oxidation number in equations I and III, but they are not exclusively oxidation-reduction reactions.
The only oxidation-reduction reaction among the given reactions is option ll) Fe₂O₃ + 3 CO → 2 Fe + 3 CO₂
To determine which among the given reactions are redox reactions, we need to check if there is a change in oxidation states of the elements involved in the reactions.
Let's analyze each reaction:
PCl₃ + 3 H₂O → 3 HCl + H₃PO₃:
Here, phosphorus (P) in PCl3 has an oxidation state of +3 and remains +3 in H3PO3. Chlorine (Cl) changes from -1 in PCl3 to -1 in HCl, and hydrogen (H) changes from +1 in H2O to +1 in HCl and H3PO3. This indicates no change in oxidation states for any element, so this is not a redox reaction.Fe₂O₃ + 3 CO → 2 Fe + 3 CO₂:
In this reaction, iron (Fe) goes from +3 in Fe2O3 to 0 in Fe, and carbon (C) goes from +2 in CO to +4 in CO2. Since there is a change in oxidation states, it confirms that this is a redox reaction.CaCO₃ + 2 HNO₃ → Ca(NO₃)₂ + CO₂ + H₂O:
Here, calcium (Ca), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O) retain their oxidation states throughout the reaction. Therefore, this is not a redox reaction.Hence, the only oxidation-reduction reaction is:
II) Fe2O3 + 3 CO → 2 Fe + 3 CO2What practice will not help you make an accurate volume reading on a buret at the beginning of a titration?
A practice that will not help you make an accurate volume reading is a. Make sure that the meniscus starts exactly at 0.00 mL.
When reading a burette at the beginning of a titration, you do not need the meniscus to start exactly at 0.00ml.
All you need is:
to make sure the meniscus falls within the range that is marked for the experiment on the burette. to make sure you read the meniscus at eye levelto make sure you read the volume from the bottom of the meniscus not the topIn conclusion, the meniscus starting at 0.00 ml is irrelevant and will not contribute much to an accurate reading.
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Options for this question include:
a. Make sure that the meniscus starts exactly at 0.00 mL.
b. Make sure the meniscus falls within the marked range on the burette.
c. Read the volume with the meniscus at eye level.
d. Read the volume at the bottom of the meniscus.
18 mL of solvent was added to 82 mL of distilled water for a final solution volume of 100 ml. What is the percent concentration of solvent in the final solution?
Answer:
18 %
Explanation:
18 mL solvent per 100 mL solution
For questions 22 – 24, write an equation for the reaction of hydrogen chloride and sodium sulfide to produce hydrogen sulfide with sodium chloride.
22. Show the formulas of the reactants.
23. Show the formulas of the products.
24. Write the balanced the equation for this reaction.
Answer:
1. The reactants are HCl and Na2S
2. The products are H2S and NaCl
3. The balance equation is given below:
2HCl + Na2S —> H2S + 2NaCl
At 20°C the enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of triglycerides functions at 1 reaction every 25 microseconds. If this enzyme catalyzes dehydration synthesis reactions for 450 microseconds, bonding fatty acids to glycerol, what is the maximum number of complete triglycerides that could be formed if no fatty acids were bonded to glycerol at the beginning of the reactions?
Answer:
6 number of complete triglycerides that could be formed .
Explanation:
In 25 microseconds ,single fatty acid attachment to glycerol takes place.
So, in 1 microseconds = [tex]\frac{1}{25}[/tex]
If the enzyme catalyzes dehydration synthesis reactions for 450 microseconds, then maximum numbers of attachments of fatty to glycerol will be:
[tex]\frac{1}{25}\times 450=18[/tex]
And each triglycerides has three fatty acid chains.So, number of triglycerides formed will be :
[tex]\frac{18}{3}=6[/tex]
6 number of complete triglycerides that could be formed if no fatty acids were bonded to glycerol at the beginning of the reactions
Given the reaction speed of the enzyme at 20°C, in a timeframe of 450 microseconds, the maximum number of triglycerides that can be formed is 18.
Explanation:At 20°C the enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of triglycerides functions at a rate of 1 reaction every 25 microseconds. Hence, in a time frame of one microsecond, this enzyme can catalyze a maximum of 1/25 or 0.04 reactions. When this enzyme catalyzes synthesis reactions for 450 microseconds, the maximum number of reactions is 0.04 per microsecond * 450 microseconds, which is 18 reactions. Given that each reaction forms one complete triglyceride molecule, the maximum number of complete triglycerides that could be formed is 18.
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Two hydraulic cylinders are connected. If the diameter of one piston is twice the other, the how does the pressure experienced by the smaller piston compare to the pressure experienced by the larger piston?
Answer:
They experience the same pressure
Explanation:
To answer this question, we recall Pascal's, Law Pascal's law states that an increase in pressure at a point in a confined cylinder containing a fluid, there is also an equal increase at all other points in that cylinder.
According to Pascal's law the pressure if the pressure expereienced by the larger diameter piston increases, the pressure experienced by the smaller diameter piston also increases by the same amount
However considering that pressure = Force/area F1/A1 =F2/A2
thus where A1 = πD²÷4 and A2 = πD²÷ 16 we have
we have F1×4/πD² = F2×16/πD² or F1 = 4× F2
They experience the same pressure but the larger cylinder delivers four times the force transmitted from he outside to the smaller cylinder
The double-reciprocal transformation of the Michaelis-Menten equation, also called the Lineweaver-Burk plot, is given by
1/V0= KM/(Vmax[S]) + 1/Vmax
To determine Km from a double-reciprocal plot, you would:
a. multiply the reciprocal of the x-axis intercept by –1.
b. multiply the reciprocal of the y-axis intercept by –1.
c. take the reciprocal of the x-axis intercept.
d. take the reciprocal of the y-axis intercept.
e. take the x-axis intercept, where V0= 1/2 Vmax.
Answer:
option a
Explanation:
Lineweaver–Burk plot also known as double displacement plot is used for the study of enzyme kinetics.
It is reciprocal of Michaelis-Menten equation. The Michaelis-Menten equation for enzyme catalysis is as follows:
[tex]V=\frac{V_{max} [S]}{K_m+[S]}[/tex]
Take the reciprocal
[tex]\frac{1}{V} =\frac{K_m+[S]}{V_{max}[S]} =\frac{K_m}{V_{max}} \frac{1}{[S]} +\frac{1}{V_{max}}[/tex]
The plot or graph between 1/V and 1/[S] is called Lineweaver–Burk plot.
Slope of the plot is [tex]\frac{K_m}{V_{max}}[/tex].
Intercept of y-axis is .
Intercept of x-axis is [tex]-\frac{1}{K_m}[/tex]
Therefore, by taking the reciprocal of intercept of x-axis and multiplying by -1, Km value can be determined.
Therefore, the correct option is a.
To determine Km from a Lineweaver-Burk plot, multiply the reciprocal of the x-axis intercept by -1.
Explanation:To determine the Michaelis constant (Km) from a double-reciprocal plot or Lineweaver-Burk plot, you need to focus on the x-axis intercept. According to the Lineweaver-Burk equation:
1/V0 = (Km/Vmax)(1/[S]) + (1/Vmax)
Where V0 is the initial velocity, Vmax is the maximum velocity, [S] is the substrate concentration, and Km is the Michaelis-Menten constant.
To find Km, you should take the reciprocal of the x-axis intercept and multiply it by -1. This is because the x-axis intercept represents -1/Km in the Lineweaver-Burk plot. Therefore, the correct answer is:
a. multiply the reciprocal of the x-axis intercept by -1.What will be the kinetic energy change of the ram of a pile driver when it suddenly undergoes a 10 kJ decrease in potential energy?
Answer:
K.E. increase by 10 KJ.
Explanation:
Total mechanical energy of a system is always constant which is the sum of kinetic and potential energies of the system. So, when the ram of a pile driver when it suddenly undergoes a 10 kJ decrease in potential energy, its kinetic energy must have increase by 10 KJ. So, as to make their sum constant again.
Mechanical energy = Kinetic energy + potential energy = constant