The Poisson's ratio definition is given as the change in lateral deformation over longitudinal deformation. Mathematically it could be expressed like this,
[tex]\upsilon = \frac{\text{Lateral Strain}}{\text{Longitudinal Strain}}[/tex]
[tex]\upsilon = \frac{(\delta a/a)}{(\delta l/l)}[/tex]
Replacing with our values we would have to,
[tex]\upsilon = \frac{(2.89933-2.9/2.9)}{(9.70710-9.7/97)}[/tex]
[tex]\upsilon = 0.1977[/tex]
Therefore Poisson's ratio is 0.1977.
A particle moves in a straight line with an initial velocity of 35 m/s and a constant acceleration of 38 m/s2. If at t = 0, x = 0, what is the particle's position (in m) at t = 6 s?
Answer:
d=894 m
Explanation:
Given that
initial velocity ,u= 35 m/s
Acceleration ,a= 38 m/s²
time ,t= 6 s
Given that at t= 0 s ,x= 0 m
We know that
[tex]d=ut+\dfrac{1}{2}at^2 [/tex]
d=Displacement
Now by putting the values
[tex]d=35\times 6+\dfrac{1}{2}\times 38\times 6^2 [/tex]
d=894 m
Therefore the particle position after 6 sec will be 894 m.
Final answer:
The position of the particle at t = 6 seconds, with an initial velocity of 35 m/s and a constant acceleration of 38 m/s², is 894 meters from the start.
Explanation:
The question asks us to calculate the position of a particle moving in a straight line at t = 6 seconds, given an initial velocity of 35 m/s and a constant acceleration of 38 m/s². To find the position, we can use the kinematic equation:
x = v0t + ½at²
where x is the position, v0 is the initial velocity, a is the acceleration, and t is the time. Plugging in our values we get:
x = (35 m/s)(6 s) + ½(38 m/s²)(6 s)²
x = 210 m + ½(38 m/s²)(36 s²)
x = 210 m + 684 m
x = 894 m
Therefore, the position of the particle at t = 6 s is 894 meters from the starting point.
How many times does a typical person blink her eyes in a lifetime?
Answer:
415,224,000
Explanation:
a person blinks 10 times per minute ,60 minutes in a hour so 600 per hour,24 hours per day so 14,400 blinks per day and there are 365 days in a year so 5,256,000 blinks per year and an average person lives to 79 years so 415224000 in an average lifetime
Emily challenges her friend David to catch a dollar bill as follows. She holds the bill vertically, with the center of the bill between David's index finger and thumb. David must catch the bill after Emily releases it without moving his hand downward. If his reaction time is 0.2 s, will he succeed? Explain your reasoning.
Answer:
David will not be able to catch the bill .
Explanation:
Reaction time = .2 s .
During this period bill will fall vertically between the fingers.
Distance of fall = 1/2 x g x t²
= .5 x 9.8 x 0.2²
= 19.6 cm or 20 cm .
Generally the bill has size of the order of 25 cm . From central point it requires a fall of 12.5 cm for the bill to escape the catch . Since fall is of 20 cm , that means bill will fall below the level of fingers in .2 s .
So David will not be able to catch the bill.
A 22.0-kg child is riding a playground merrygo-round that is rotating at 40.0 rev/min. What centripetal force is exerted if he is 1.25 m from its center?
Answer:
F=480.491 N
Explanation:
Given that
mass ,m = 22 kg
Angular speed ω = 40 rev/min
[tex]\omega=\dfrac{2\pi \times 40}{60}\ rad/s[/tex]
ω =4.18 rad/s
The radius r= 1.25 m
We know that centripetal force is given as
F=m ω² r
Now by putting the values in the above equation we get
[tex]F=22\times 4.18^2\times 1.25\ N[/tex]
F=480.491 N
Therefore the centripetal force on the child will be 480.491 N.
If the pressure of a substance is increased during a boiling process, will the temperature also increase, or will it remain constant? Why?
Answer:
on increasing pressure, temperature will also increase.
Explanation:
Considering the ideal gas equation as:
[tex]PV=nRT[/tex]
where,
P is the pressure
V is the volume
n is the number of moles
T is the temperature
R is Gas constant having value = 0.0821 L.atm/K.mol
Thus, at constant volume and number of moles, Pressure of the gas is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas.
P ∝ T
Also,
Also, using Gay-Lussac's law,
[tex]\frac {P_1}{T_1}=\frac {P_2}{T_2}[/tex]
Thus, on increasing pressure, temperature will also increase.
Compute the ratio of the rate of heat loss through a single-pane window with area 0.15 m2 to that for a double-pane window with the same area. The glass of a single pane is 4.5 mm thick, and the air space between the two panes of the double-pane window is 6.60 mm thick. The glass has thermal conductivity 0.80 W/m⋅K. The air films on the room and outdoor surfaces of either window have a combined thermal resistance of 0.15 m2⋅K/W. Express your answer using two significant figures.
Answer:
2.80321285141
Explanation:
[tex]L_g[/tex] = Thickness of glass = 4.5 mm
[tex]k_g[/tex] = Thermal conductivity of glass = 0.8 W/mK
[tex]R_0[/tex] = Combined thermal resistance = [tex]0.15\times m^2K/W[/tex]
[tex]L_a[/tex] = Thickness of air = 6.6 mm
[tex]k_a[/tex] = Thermal conductivity of air = 0.024 W/mK
The required ratio is the inverse of total thermal resistance
[tex]\dfrac{2(L_g/k_g)+R_0+(L_a/k_a)}{(L_g/k_g)+R_0}\\ =\dfrac{2(4.5\times 10^{-3}/0.8)+0.15+(6.6\times 10^{-3}/0.024)}{(4.5\times 10^{-3}/0.8)+0.15}\\ =2.80321285141[/tex]
The ratio is 2.80321285141
Answer:
[tex]\frac{\dot Q}{\dot Q'} =2.6668[/tex]
Explanation:
Given:
area of the each window panes, [tex]A=0.15\ m^2[/tex]thickness of each pane, [tex]t_g=4.5\times 10^{-3}\ m[/tex]air gap between the two pane of a double pane window, [tex]t_a=6.6\times 10^{-3}\ m[/tex]thermal conductivity of glass, [tex]k_g=0.8\ W.m^{-1}.K^{-1}[/tex]thermal resistance of the air on the either sides of double pane window, [tex]R_{th}=0.15\ m^2.K.W^{-1}[/tex]Heat loss through single pane window:
Using Fourier's law of conduction,
[tex]\dot Q=A.dT\div (R_{th}+\frac{t_g}{k} )[/tex]
[tex]\dot Q=0.15\times dT\div (0.15+\frac{4.5\times 10^{-3}}{0.8})[/tex]
[tex]\dot Q=0.9638\ dT\ [W][/tex]
Heat loss through double pane window:
[tex]\dot Q'=dT\times A\div(R_{th}+2\times \frac{t_g}{k}+\frac{t_a}{k_a} )[/tex]
where:
[tex]dT=[/tex] change in temperature
[tex]k_a=[/tex] coefficient of thermal conductivity of air [tex]= 0.026\ W.m^{-1}.K^{-1}[/tex]
[tex]\dot Q'=dT\times 0.15\div (0.15+2\times \frac{4.5\times 10^{-3}}{0.8}+\frac{6.6\times 10^{-3}}{0.026})[/tex]
[tex]\dot Q'=0.3614\ dT\ [W][/tex]
Now the ratio:
[tex]\frac{\dot Q}{\dot Q'} =\frac{0.9638(dT)}{0.3614(dT)}[/tex]
[tex]\frac{\dot Q}{\dot Q'} =2.6668[/tex]
When looking at the top of a building 450 m away, the angle between the top of the building and your eye level is 30°. If your eyes are 1.5 m above the ground, how tall is the building? ANSWER IN 3 DECIMALS (###.###) You might need to use your calculator's sin,cos or tan
Answer:
261.307 m
Explanation:
b = Base of triangle = 450 m
p = Perpendicular of the triangle
[tex]\theta[/tex] = Angle of the triangle = [tex]30^{\circ}[/tex]
From trigonometry
[tex]tan\theta=\dfrac{p}{b}[/tex]
[tex]\Rightarrow p=btan\theta[/tex]
[tex]\Rightarrow p=450\times tan30[/tex]
[tex]\Rightarrow p=259.807\ m[/tex]
Height of the building = 1.5+259.807 = 261.307 m
A has the magnitude 14.4 m and is angled 51.6° counterclockwise from the positive direction of the x axis of an xy coordinate system. Also, B = ( 14.3 m )i + (8.52 m )j on that same coordinate system. We now rotate the system counterclockwise about the origin by 20.0° to form an x'y' system. On this new system, what are (a)Ã and (b) B, both in unit-vector notation? (a) Number i 4.545346 It i 13.66381 Î Units m (b) Number i 10.52359 î+ i 12.89707 Units its
Final answer:
To find the transformed vector representations in a rotated coordinate system, the angle of vector A is adjusted by the rotation angle, and the components are calculated using trigonometric functions. Vector B's components in the rotated system are found using a rotation matrix.
Explanation:
The provided question pertains to transforming the representation of vectors in a rotated coordinate system in the subject of physics. The coordinate system is rotated counterclockwise, and the goal is to find the new representations of vectors A and B in unit-vector notation on the x'y' system. Given the initial magnitude and direction angle of vector A and the Cartesian components of vector B on the xy coordinate system, we can calculate their components on the rotated x'y' coordinate system.
The original vector A has a magnitude of 14.4 m and an angle of 51.6° from the positive x-axis. After rotation by 20°, the new angle becomes 51.6° - 20.0° = 31.6° from the new x'-axis. Using the formulas Ax' = A cos θ' and Ay' = A sin θ', where θ' is the new angle, we can find the rotated components of A.
The vector B is already given in Cartesian coordinates as ( 14.3 m )i + (8.52 m )j. To find the components of B in the rotated system, we use a rotation matrix, giving us new components Bx' and By'.
In conclusion, to find the transformed vectors in the rotated system, we apply the rotation to both the magnitude and angle of A, and use a rotation matrix for the components of B.
Huck Finn walks at a speed of 0.70 m/sm/s across his raft (that is, he walks perpendicular to the raft's motion relative to the shore). The raft is traveling down the Mississippi River at a speed of 1.60 m/sm/s relative to the river bank. What is Huck's velocity (speed and direction) relative to the river bank?
Answer:
Explanation:
Given
Velocity of Huck w.r.t to raft [tex]v_{H,raft}=0.7\ m/s[/tex]
Perpendicular to the motion of raft
Velocity of Raft in the river [tex]v_{raft,river}=1.6\ m/s[/tex]
As Huck is traveling Perpendicular to the raft so he possess two velocities i.e. vertical velocity and horizontal velocity of River when observed from bank
[tex]v_{Huck,river\ bank}=0.7\hat{j}+1.6\hat{i}[/tex]
So magnitude of velocity is given by
[tex]|v|=\sqrt{0.7^2+1.6^2}[/tex]
[tex]|v|=\sqrt{0.49+2.56}[/tex]
[tex]|v|=\sqrt{3.05}[/tex]
[tex]|v|=1.74\ m/s[/tex]
For direction [tex]\tan =\frac{0.7}{1.6}=0.4375[/tex]
[tex]\theta =23.63^{\circ}[/tex] w.r.t river bank
If the center atom has three groups of electrons around it, what type of electron geometry is present?
Answer:
Trigonal planar
Explanation:
Trigonal planar - it is referred to the molecular shape of atom in which three bonds exist around any central atom. As there is no lone pair at the center hence all three atoms have taken the form of a triangle. All three atom lies at same plane and known as peripheral atoms
The angle between all the three atoms is 120 degree
The information on a can of soda indicates that the can contains 355 mL. The mass of a full can of soda is 0.369 kg, while an empty can weighs 0.153 N. Determine the specific weight, density, and specific gravity of the soda and compare your results with the corresponding values for water at 20 oC. Express your results in SI units.
Answer:
[tex]\rho=995.50\ kg.m^{-3}[/tex]
[tex]\bar w=9765.887\ N.m^{-3}[/tex]
[tex]s=0.9955[/tex]
Explanation:
Given:
volume of liquid content in the can, [tex]v_l=0.355\ L=3.55\times 10^{-4}\ L[/tex]mass of filled can, [tex]m_f=0.369\ kg[/tex]weight of empty can, [tex]w_c=0.153\ N[/tex]So, mass of the empty can:
[tex]m_c=\frac{w_c}{g}[/tex]
[tex]m_c=\frac{0.153}{9.81}[/tex]
[tex]m_c=0.015596\ kg[/tex]
Hence the mass of liquid(soda):
[tex]m_l=m_f-m_c[/tex]
[tex]m_l=0.369-0.015596[/tex]
[tex]m_l=0.3534\ kg[/tex]
Therefore the density of liquid soda:
[tex]\rho=\frac{m_l}{v_l}[/tex] (as density is given as mass per unit volume of the substance)
[tex]\rho=\frac{0.3534}{3.55\times 10^{-4}}[/tex]
[tex]\rho=995.50\ kg.m^{-3}[/tex]
Specific weight of the liquid soda:
[tex]\bar w=\frac{m_l.g}{v_l}=\rho.g[/tex]
[tex]\bar w=995.5\times 9.81[/tex]
[tex]\bar w=9765.887\ N.m^{-3}[/tex]
Specific gravity is the density of the substance to the density of water:
[tex]s=\frac{\rho}{\rho_w}[/tex]
where:
[tex]\rho_w=[/tex] density of water
[tex]s=\frac{995.5}{1000}[/tex]
[tex]s=0.9955[/tex]
Explanation:
The given data is as follows.
Volume of pop in can, V = [tex]355 \times 10^{-6} m^{3}[/tex]
Mass of a full can of pop is as follows.W = mg
= [tex]0.369 \times 9.81[/tex]
= 3.6198 N
Weight of empty can, [tex]w_{1}[/tex] = 0.153 N
Now, weight of pop in the can is calculated as follows.[tex]w_{2} = W - w_{1}[/tex]
= 3.6198 - 0.153
= 3.467 N
Calculate the specific weight of the liquid as follows.[tex]\gamma = \frac{\text{weight of liquid}}{\text{volume of liquid}}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{3.467}{355 \times 10^{-6}}[/tex]
= 9766.197 [tex]N/m^{3}[/tex]
Density of the fluid is calculated as follows.[tex]\rho = \frac{\gamma}{g}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{9766.197}{9.81}[/tex]
= 995.535 [tex]kg/m^{3}[/tex]
Now, specific gravity of the fluid is calculated as follows.S.G = [tex]\frac{\text{density of liquid}}{\text{density of water}}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{\rho}{\rho_{w}}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{995.535}{1000}[/tex]
= 0.995
In a phasor representation of a transverse wave on a string, what does the length of the phasor represent?
Final answer:
The length of the phasor in a phasor diagram representing a transverse wave on a string indicates the wave's amplitude, which corresponds to the maximum displacement of the medium's particles from their equilibrium position.
Explanation:
In the phasor representation of a transverse wave on a string, the length of the phasor corresponds to the amplitude of the wave. In a phasor diagram, this amplitude represents the maximum displacement of the wave particles from the equilibrium position as the wave propagates through the medium. The phasor's length will rotate in a circular motion at a rate determined by the wave's frequency, and this motion represents the oscillatory nature of the wave at a certain point in space over time. The amplitude is a crucial parameter as it determines the energy carried by the wave, with a larger amplitude indicating a greater energy transfer.
The phasor length is particularly important when analyzing multiple wave forms together, such as voltage and current in electrical circuits, where the ratio of their lengths can denote relative magnitudes, such as resistance in the circuit. In this context, however, we focus on mechanical waves on a string, and the length of the phasor would only represent the wave amplitude, not voltage or current.
Driving along a crowded freeway, you notice that it takes a time tt to go from one mile marker to the next. When you increase your speed by 7.4 mi/hmi/h , the time to go one mile decreases by 15 ss . What was your original speed?
Answer:
38.6 mi/h
Explanation:
7.4 mi/h = 7.4mi/h * (1/60)hour/min * (1/60) min/s = 0.00206 mi/s
Let v (mi/s) be your original speed, then the time t it takes to go 1 mi/s is
t = 1/v
Since you increase v by 0.00206 mi/s, your time decreases by 15 s, this means
t - 15 = 1/(v+0.00206)
We can substitute t = 1/v to solve for v
[tex]\frac{1}{v} - 15 = \frac{1}{v + 0.00206}[/tex]
We can multiply both sides of the equation with v(v+0.00206)
v+0.00206 - 15v(v+0.00206) = v
[tex]-15v^2 - 0.0308v + 0.00206 = 0[/tex]
[tex]v= \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a}[/tex]
[tex]v= \frac{0.03083\pm \sqrt{(-0.03083)^2 - 4*(-15)*(0.00205)}}{2*(-15)}[/tex]
[tex]v= \frac{0.03083\pm0.35}{-30}[/tex]
v = -0.01278 or v = 0.01 0724 mi/s
Since v can only be positive we will pick v = 0.010724 mi/s or 0.010724*3600 = 38.6 mi/h
A 0.73-kg metal sphere oscillates at the end of a vertical spring. As the spring stretches from 0.12 m to 0.23 m (relative to its unstrained length), the speed of the sphere decreases from 7.2 to 4.5 m/s. What is the spring constant of the spring?
The spring constant (k) can be obtained by employing the principle of conservation of energy. Here, the kinetic energy of the metal sphere at the beginning of the motion equals the potential energy at the maximum stretch of the spring. Substituting the given values into the energy equation, solving for 'k' yields the spring constant.
Explanation:The subject of this question lies within the domain of Physics, specifically the domain of mechanics and dynamics dealing with springs and oscillations. The spring constant (k) can be derived from the principle of conservation of energy. Here, we are ignoring friction and air resistance, meaning that the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy remains constant throughout the motion of the metal sphere.
At the beginning, all the energy is kinetic, and at the maximum stretch, all the energy is potential. This can be represented by the equation 0.5*m*v1^2 = 0.5*k*x2^2. By substituting the given values of m (mass = 0.73 kg), v1 (initial velocity = 7.2 m/s), and x2 (maximum displacement = 0.23 m), we can solve for k (spring constant). Here, the calculation would be as follows: k = m*v1^2/x2^2 = (0.73 kg*(7.2 m/s)^2)/(0.23 m)^2. After performing the required calculations, you can obtain the numerical value of the spring constant.
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Given the following frequencies, calculate the corresponding periods. a. 60 Hz b. 8 MHz c. 140 kHz d. 2.4 GHz
The frequency can be defined as the inverse of the period, that is, it can be expressed as
[tex]T = \frac{1}{f}[/tex]
Here,
T = Period
f = Frequency
For each value we only need to replace the value and do the calculation:
PART A)
[tex]T = \frac{1}{f}[/tex]
[tex]T = \frac{1}{60Hz}[/tex]
T = 0.0166s
PART B)
[tex]T = \frac{1}{f}[/tex]
[tex]T = \frac{1}{8*10^6}[/tex]
[tex]T = 1.25*10^{-7} s[/tex]
PART C)
[tex]T = \frac{1}{f}[/tex]
[tex]T = \frac{1}{140*10^{3}}[/tex]
[tex]T = 7.14*10^{-6}s[/tex]
PART D)
[tex]T = \frac{1}{f}[/tex]
[tex]T = \frac{1}{2.4*10^{9}}[/tex]
[tex]T = 4.166*10^{-10}s[/tex]
A plane flies 125 km/hr at 25 degrees north of east with a wind speed of 36 km/hr at 6 degrees south of east. What is the resulting velocity of the plane (in km/hr)?
Answer:
V = 156.85 Km/h
Explanation:
Speed of plane = 125 Km/h
angle of plane= 25° N of E
Speed of wind = 36 Km/h
angle of plane = 6° S of W
Horizontal component of the velocity
V_x = 125 cos 25° + 36 cos 6°
V_x = 149 Km/h
Vertical component of the velocity
V_y = 125 sin 25° - 36 sin 6°
V_y = 49 Km/h
Resultant of Velocity
[tex]V = \sqrt{V_x^2 + V_y^2}[/tex]
[tex]V = \sqrt{149^2 + 49^2}[/tex]
V = 156.85 Km/h
the resulting velocity of the plane is equal to V = 156.85 Km/h
A soccer player kicks the ball that travels a distance of 60.0 m on a level field. The ball leaves his foot at an initial speed of (v0) and an angle of 26.0° above the ground. Find the initial speed (v0) of the ball.
Answer:
27.3 m/s
Explanation:
We are given that
Distance travel by ball=x=60 m
[tex]\theta=26^{\circ}[/tex]
We have to find the initial speed([tex]v_0)[/tex] of the ball.
[tex]x=v_0cos\theta t[/tex]
Using the formula
[tex]60=v_0cos 26 t[/tex]
[tex]t=\frac{60}{v_ocos 26}=\frac{60}{v_0\times 0.899}=\frac{66.7}{v_0}[/tex]
The value of y at point of foot of the vertical distance
y=0
[tex]y=v_0sin\theta t-\frac{1}{2}gt^2[/tex]
Using [tex]g=9.8m/s^2[/tex]
Using the formula
[tex]0=v_0sin 26\times \frac{66.7}{v_0}-4.9\times (\frac{66.7}{v_0})^2[/tex]
[tex]4.9\times \frac{(66.7)^2}{v^2_0}=0.44\times 66.7[/tex]
[tex]v^2_0=\frac{4.9\times (66.7)^2}{0.44\times 66.7}[/tex]
[tex]v^2_0=742.8[/tex]
[tex]v_0=\sqrt{742.8}=27.3 m/s[/tex]
Hence, the initial speed of the ball=27.3 m/s
Answer:
27.3 m/s
Explanation:
Horizontal range, R = 60 m
angle of projection, θ = 26°
Let the velocity of projection is vo.
Use the formula of range of the projectile
[tex]R = \frac{u^{2}Sin2\theta} {g}[/tex]
[tex]60 = \frac{v_{0}^{2}Sin52}{9.8}[/tex]
vo = 27.3 m/s
Thus, the velocity of projection is 27.3 m/s.
Two equally charged tiny spheres of mass 1.0 g are placed 2.0 cm apart. When released, they begin to accelerate away from each other at What is the magnitude of the charge on each sphere, assuming only that the electric force is present? (k = 1/4πε0 = 9.0 × 109 N ∙ m2/C2)
Answer:
[tex]1.36\times 10^{-7} C[/tex]
Explanation:
We are given that
Mass of charged tine spheres=m=1 g=[tex]\frac{1}{1000}=0.001 kg[/tex]
1 kg=1000g
The distance between charged tine spheres=r=2 cm=[tex]\frac{2}{100}=0.02 m[/tex]
1 m=100 cm
Acceleration =[tex]a =414 m/s^2[/tex]
Let q be the charge on each sphere.
[tex]k=9\times 10^9Nm^2/C^2[/tex]
The electric force between two charged particle
[tex]F=\frac{kq_1q_2}{r^2}[/tex]
Using the formula
The force between two charged tiny spheres=[tex]F_e=\frac{kq^2}{(0.02)^2}[/tex]
According to Newton's second law , the net force
[tex]F=ma[/tex]
[tex]F=F_e[/tex]
[tex]0.001\times 414=\frac{9\times 10^9\times q^2}{(0.02)^2}[/tex]
[tex]q^2=\frac{0.001\times 414\times (0.02)^2}{9\times 10^9}[/tex]
[tex]q=\sqrt{\frac{0.001\times 414\times (0.02)^2}{9\times 10^9}}[/tex]
[tex]q=1.36\times 10^{-7} C[/tex]
Hence, the magnitude of charge on each tiny sphere=[tex]1.36\times 10^{-7} C[/tex]
You throw a baseball directly upward at time t = 0 at an initial speed of 13.5 m/s.
What is the maximum height the ball reaches above where it leaves your hand? Ignore air resistance and take g = 9.80 m/s².
Answer:
[tex]h=9.30m[/tex]
Explanation:
We have an uniformly accelerated motion, due to the gravitational acceleration. So, we use the kinematic equations, since the ball is throw directly upward, g is negative:
[tex]h=v_0t-\frac{gt^2}{2}[/tex]
First, we need to calculate the time taken by the ball to reach the maximum height, in this point its final speed is zero:
[tex]v_f=v_0-gt\\\\\frac{0-v_0}{-g}=t\\t=\frac{v_0}{g}\\t=\frac{13.5\frac{m}{s}}{9.8\frac{m}{s^2}}\\t=1.38s[/tex]
Now, we can calculate h:
[tex]h=v_0t-\frac{gt^2}{2}\\h=13.5\frac{m}{s}(1.38s)-\frac{9.8\frac{m}{s^2}(1.38s)^2}{2}\\h=9.30m[/tex]
A 200-g block is attached to a horizontal spring and executes simple harmonic motion with a period of 0.250 s. The total energy of the system is 2.00 J. Find (a) the force constant of the spring and (b) the amplitude of the motion.
Answer:
(A) Spring constant will be 126.58 N/m
(B) Amplitude will be equal to 0.177 m
Explanation:
We have given mass of the block m = 200 gram = 0.2 kg
Time period T = 0.250 sec
Total energy is given TE = 2 J
(A) For mass spring system time period is equal to [tex]T=2\pi \sqrt{\frac{m}{K}}[/tex]
So [tex]0.250=2\times 3.14 \sqrt{\frac{0.2}{K}}[/tex]
[tex]0.0398=\sqrt{\frac{0.2}{K}}[/tex]
Now squaring both side
[tex]0.00158=\frac{0.2}{K}[/tex]
K = 126.58 N/m
So the spring constant of the spring will be 126.58 N/m
(B) Total energy is equal to [tex]TE=\frac{1}{2}KA^2[/tex], here K is spring constant and A is amplitude
So [tex]2=\frac{1}{2}\times 126.58\times A^2[/tex]
[tex]A^2=0.0316[/tex]
A = 0.177 m
So the amplitude of the wave will be equal to 0.177 m
Three parachutists have the following masses: A: 50 kg, B: 40 kg, C: 75 kg Which one has the greatest terminal velocity?
Answer:
A: 50 kg
Explanation:
Explain how astronomers might use spectroscopy to determine the composition and temperature of a star.
Final answer:
Astronomers utilize spectroscopy to analyze the spectrum of a star, identifying unique absorption lines corresponding to different elements, which reveals the star's composition. Spectral lines' broadening indicates temperature and pressure, and shifts in these lines help measure a star's motion, including radial and rotational velocities.
Explanation:
Understanding Stellar Spectroscopy
Astronomers use spectroscopy as a powerful tool to determine various characteristics of stars, including their composition and temperature. When light from a star passes through a prism or diffraction grating, it spreads out into a spectrum of colors. This spectrum contains dark lines known as absorption lines, which are unique to the elements present in the star's atmosphere, as different chemical elements absorb light at specific wavelengths. Therefore, by analyzing these lines, astronomers can identify the elements that make up a star.
Analyzing the broadening of spectral lines can inform us about a star's temperature and pressure. Warmer temperatures and higher pressures in a star's atmosphere tend to broaden the spectral lines. Additionally, the pressure can give clues about the star's size, as stars with lower atmospheric pressure tend to be larger, or giant stars.
Motions of the Stars are also revealed through spectroscopy. The Doppler effect causes spectral lines to shift towards the red end of the spectrum if the star is moving away from us (redshift) or towards the blue end if it is approaching (blueshift). This allows astronomers to measure the star's radial velocity. Spectral line broadening can also indicate the star's rotational velocity, while proper motion is deduced from the movement of the lines over time across the spectrum.
how much work is required to move a 1 microcoulomb charge by a distance of 5 meters along an equipotential line of 6V?
Answer:
The work done is zero.
Solution:
As per the question:
Charge, [tex]q = 1\mu C = 1\times 10^{- 6}\ C[/tex]
Distance moved, d = 5 m
Voltage, V = 6V
Now, we know that an equipotential surface is one where the potential is same everywhere on the surface.
Suppose the the voltage at a distance d = 5 m is V'
Thus
V' = 6 V, (since the surface is equipotential)
Work done in moving a charge is given by:
[tex]W = q\Delta V[/tex]
[tex]W = q(V - V')[/tex]
[tex]W = (1\times 10^{- 6})(V - V')[/tex]
[tex]W = (1\times 10^{- 6})(6 - 6) = 0[/tex]
Thus the work done in moving a charge on an equipotential surface comes out to be zero as the potential difference is zero.
Final answer:
The work required to move a 1 microcoulomb charge by a distance of 5 meters along an equipotential line of 6V is zero because there's no change in potential energy.
Explanation:
The question relates to determining the amount of work needed to move a charge along an equipotential line. When a charge moves along an equipotential, the potential energy of the charge does not change because the voltage (potential difference) across its path remains zero. In other words, the work done on the charge is zero since work is defined as the change in potential energy, which is given by the formula W = qV, where W is work, q is charge in coulombs, and V is potential difference in volts. For movement along an equipotential line, V = 0, hence, Work = 0 Joules.
In a mixture of the gases oxygen and helium, which statement is valid: (a) the helium molecules will be moving faster than the oxygen molecules, on average; (b) both kinds of molecules will be moving at the same speed; (c) the oxygen molecules will, on average, be moving more rapidly than the helium molecules; (d) the kinetic energy of the helium will exceed that of the oxygen; (e) none of the above.
Answer:
a
Explanation:
Given:
In a mixture of the gases oxygen and helium, which statement is valid:
(a) the helium molecules will be moving faster than the oxygen molecules, on average
(b) both kinds of molecules will be moving at the same speed
(c) the oxygen molecules will, on average, be moving more rapidly than the helium molecules
(d) the kinetic energy of the helium will exceed that of the oxygen
(e) none of the above
Solution:
- We will use Boltzmann distribution to answer this question. The root mean square speed of molecules of a gas gives the average speed as follows:
V_rms = sqrt ( 3 k T / m )
- Where, k is the Boltzmann constant, T is the temperature and m is the mass of a single molecule of a gas.
- In general, a mixture has a constant equilibrium temperature T_eq.
- So the v_rms is governed by the mass of a single molecule.
- We know that mass of single molecule of Oxygen is higher than that of Helium molecule. Hence, the relation of mass is inversely proportional to square of root mean speed. So the helium molecules will be moving faster than the oxygen molecules.
- Note: The kinetic energy of the mixture remains constant because it is due to the interaction of the molecules within i.e oxygen and helium. Which makes the kinetic energy independent of mass.
E_k = 0.5*m*v_rms^2
E_k = 0.5*m*(3*k*T/ m )
E_k = 0.5*3*k*T
Hence, E_k is only the function of Temperature which we already established to remain constant at equilibrium.
OPTION A.
In a mixture of oxygen and helium, the helium molecules move faster on average due to their lighter weight, though the average kinetic energy of both gases remains the same at a given temperature.
Explanation:In a mixture of gases, the speeds of the molecules of different gases are primarily dependent on their masses. For gases at a given temperature, all have the same average kinetic energy (KEavg) for their molecules. However, gases made up of lighter molecules, such as helium, have more high-speed particles and an average speed (Urms) that is higher than gases composed of heavier molecules, like oxygen.
Therefore, in a mixture of oxygen and helium, statement (a) the helium molecules will be moving faster than the oxygen molecules, on average, is valid. This is due to helium molecules being lighter than oxygen molecules. Moreover, the average kinetic energy of both gases, helium and oxygen, would be the same at a given temperature, meaning statement (d) the kinetic energy of the helium will exceed that of the oxygen, would not be valid.
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A man pushes his lawnmower with a velocity of +0.75 m/s relative to the ground. A girl rides by on her bike with a velocity of +6.5 m/s relative to the ground. What is the velocity of the girl relative to the lawnmower? A. 0 m/s B. +5.75 m/s C. +6.5 m/s D. +7.25 m/s
Answer:
B. +5.75 m/s
Explanation:
When there are two bodies, a and b, whose velocities measured by a third observer (in this case, the ground) are [tex]V_a[/tex] and [tex]V_b[/tex] respectively, the relative velocity of B with respect to A is given by:
[tex]V_{ba}=V_b-V_a[/tex]
Thus, the velocity of the girl relative to the lawnmower is:
[tex]V_{ba}=6.5\frac{m}{s}-0.75\frac{m}{s}\\V_{ba}=5.75\frac{m}{s}[/tex]
I took the test and got B) +5.75 m/s correct
"Stop to Think 16.1" on page 423 of your textbook. Also, for situation (a), descibe what happens to the speed of the wave, the frequency, and the wavelength when you start moving your hand up and down at a faster rate.
Answer:
wave speed= constant
frequency = increase
wavelength = decrease
Explanation:
Solution:
- The three basic parameters of a wave are speed, frequency and wavelength. These three parameters are related to each other by an expression:
v = f * λ
Where,
- v is the speed of the wave in m/s.
- f frequency of the wave in Hz.
- λ wavelength of the wave in m
- We are asked how would each of these parameter change if we move the hand up and down faster. The hand moves from a crest to trough faster than before and back again. We can see that the time between a cycle has decreased; hence, frequency f increases. Consequently, we can see that wave speed v remains constant - the medium of transfer of wave energy - remains same. Then from our relation above if we hold speed constant and increase f then the wavelength λ would have to decrease.
The ultimate normal stress in members AB and BC is 350 MPa. Find the maximum load P if the factor of safety is 4.5. AB has an outside diameter of 250mm and BC has an outside diameter of 150mm. Both pipes have a wall thickness of 8mm
Answer:
P_max = 278 KN
Explanation:
Given:
- The ultimate normal stress S = 350 MPa
- Thickness of both pipes t = 8 mm
- Pipe AB: D_o = 250 mm
- Pipe BC: D_o = 150 mm
- Factor of safety FS = 4.5
Find:
Find the maximum load P_max
Solution:
- Compute cross sectional areas A_ab and A_bc:
A_ab = pi*(D_o^2 - (D_o - 2t)^2) / 4
A_ab = pi*(0.25^2 - 0.234^2) / 4
A_ab = 6.08212337 * 10^-3 m^2
A_bc = pi*(D_o^2 - (D_o - 2t)^2) / 4
A_bc = pi*(0.15^2 - 0.134^2) / 4
A_bc = 3.568212337 * 10^-3 m^2
- Compute the Allowable Stress for each pipe:
sigma_all = S / FS
sigma_all = 350 / 4.5
sigma_all = 77.77778 MPa
- Compute the net for each member P_net,ab and P_net,bc:
P_net,ab = sigma_all * A_ab
P_net,ab = 77.77778 MPa*6.08212337 * 10^-3
P_net,ab = 473054.0399 N
P_net,bc = sigma_all * A_bc
P_net,bc = 77.77778 MPa*3.568212337 * 10^-3
P_net,bc = 277577.1721 N
- Compute the force P for each case:
P_net,ab = P + 50,000
P = 473054.0399 - 50,000
P = 423 KN
P_net,bc = P = 278 KN
- P_max allowed is the minimum of the two load P:
P_max = min (423, 278) = 278 KN
The surface tension of a liquid is to be measured using a liquid film suspended on a U-shaped wire frame with an 12-cm-long movable side. If the force needed to move the wire is 0.096 N, determine the surface tension of this liquid in air.
The surface tension of the liquid in air is 0.8 N/m.
Explanation:To determine the surface tension of the liquid, we need to use the formula F = yL, where F is the force needed to move the wire, y is the surface tension, and L is the length of the wire. In this case, F = 0.096 N and L = 12 cm. We can rearrange the formula to solve for y: y = F / L. Plugging in the values, we get y = 0.096 N / 0.12 m = 0.8 N/m. So, the surface tension of the liquid in air is 0.8 N/m.
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What is the net charge of the Earth if the magnitude of its electric field near the terrestrial surface is 1.08 ✕ 102 N/C? Assume the Earth is a sphere of radius 6.40 ✕ 106 m.
To solve this problem we will apply the concepts related to the electric field based on the laws of Coulomb. Said electric field is equivalent to the product between the Coulomb constant and the rate of change of the charge and the squared distance. Mathematically this is,
[tex]E = \frac{kq}{r^2}[/tex]
Here,
k = Coulomb's constant
q = Charge
r = Distance
Replacing we have that
[tex]E = \frac{kq}{r^2}[/tex]
[tex]1.08*10^2 = \frac{(9*10^{9})q}{(6.4*10^{6})^2}[/tex]
Solving for q,
[tex]q = 491520 C[/tex]
Therefore the net charge of the Earth under the previous condition is 491520 C
Canada geese migrate essentially along a north–south direction for well over a thousand kilo-meters in some cases, traveling at speeds up to about 100 km/h. If one goose is flying at 100 km/h relative to the air but a 40-km/h wind is blowing from west to east, (a) at what angle relative to the north–south direction should this bird head to travel directly southward relative to the ground? (b) How long will it take the goose to cover a ground distance of 500 km from north to south? (Note: Even on cloudy nights, many birds can navigate by using the earth’s magnetic field to fix the north–south direction.)
Answer:
a) 66.4 relative to the west in the south-west direction
b) 5.455 hours
Explanation:
a)If the wind is blowing east-ward at a speed of 40km/h, then the west component of the geese velocity must be 40km/h in order to counter balance it. Geese should be flying south-west at an angle of
[tex]cos(\alpha) = 40 / 100 = 0.4[/tex]
[tex]\alpha = cos^{-1}(0.4) = 1.16 rad = 180\frac{1.16}{\pi} = 66.4^0[/tex] relative to the West
b) The south-component of the geese velocity is
[tex]100sin(\alpha) = 100sin(66.4^0) = 91.65 km/h[/tex]
The time it would take for the geese to cover 500km at this rate is
t = 500 / 91.65 = 5.455 hours