A. Rolling Friction
Explanation:
Maglev is train transportation that uses magnets. Maglev will have two sets of magnets, the function of the first set of the magnet is to repel and push the train and lift the train from the track and the function of the second set of the magnet is to elevate the train further. In this process, the lack of friction is the main advantage.Guideway is the magnetic coil running along the track and it repelling the big magnets present on the undercarriage of the train. This repulsion causes the train to go up by 1 to 10 centimetres above from the guideway. All the maglev trains are floating on the magnetic cushion and it reduces the rolling friction.Answer:
They use magnets
Explanation:
why do you think primary productivity is important for the health of an ecosystem.
Answer:
Primary productivity in an ecosystem is important because it lays the foundation of the food chains and food webs being observed in an ecosystem. It is the initial and main source through which energy is added into the food chains and food webs in an ecosystem. The organisms in which primary productivity occurs bring energy for the different organisms living in an ecosystem. Without them, energy will not be able to flow through an ecosystem as there will be no energy produced.
Which sources of nutrient pollution are mentioned and shown in the video? Check all that apply.
Answer: farms, laundry detergent‘s,pet waste, water treatment plants
Explanation:
The primary sources of nutrient pollution mentioned in the video are the overuse of artificial fertilizers, industrialization, urbanization, and the biomagnification of harmful substances in aquatic food webs.
Explanation:
The video mentions several sources of nutrient pollution that have a significant impact on aquatic ecosystems. One of the primary sources is the inappropriate use and overuse of artificial fertilizers in both agricultural and residential settings. These fertilizers are rich in nitrogen and phosphorus compounds, which can leach into drainage systems and end up in lakes and coastal marine ecosystems.
Another major source of nutrient pollution underlined is industrialization and urbanization. Elements of human waste, chemicals, and heat stemming from concentrated human settlements contribute significantly to water pollution. Food production methods that require liberal use of nitrogen and pesticides result in these substances re-entering the water system, further proliferating nutrient pollution.
The video also addresses pollution that occurs through human activities' excessive introduction of naturally limited nutrients like iron, nitrogen, and phosphorus to aquatic ecosystems. The video highlighted the biomagnification of substances such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and heavy metals (mercury, lead, cadmium) in aquatic food webs, which can adversely affect human health.
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Imagine that hair color and eye color in humans are each determined by a single gene, and that each trait is found at different loci of the same chromosome. A human is heterozygous for hair color (Hh) and eye color (Ee). Using representations, show all the potential combinations in which these alleles could be distributed by the process of meiosis to gametes.
Answer:HE, he, He,
Explanation: not hE because that is a recessive trait, not dominant
A human heterozygous for hair color (Hh) and eye color (Ee) can produce four different combinations of alleles through meiosis: HE, He, hE, and he. These combinations account for the different potential gametes that can be formed, which will ultimately influence the genetic traits of offspring.
Inheritance of traits such as hair color and eye color in humans can provide interesting insights into genetics. When a person is heterozygous for two traits, such as hair color (Hh) and eye color (Ee), located on different loci of the same chromosome, several combinations of alleles can be produced through meiosis. Meiosis is a process of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half and leads to the production of gametes (sperm or eggs). The resulting gametes will contain one allele for each gene - either H or h for hair color and E or e for eye color.
In the given scenario, without crossing over, four possible combinations of these alleles can result from meiosis in a heterozygous individual:
HEHehEheHowever, if crossing over occurs between these genes during meiosis, there could be additional combinations of alleles in the gametes. In reality, eye color and hair color are examples of polygenic inheritance, meaning that multiple genes influence these traits. Despite this complexity, understanding the basic genetic principles is valuable for studying how traits are passed from one generation to the next.
PLEASE HELP !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! How does crossing over help create daughter cells that are different?
Answer:
Figure it out yourself
Explanation:
Answer:
It works by going throught the uterus lining then it goes to the umbilical cord then it goes to tbe placenta
The activity of two enzymes, pepsin and trypsin, are shown here. These are two enzymes involved in the digestion of food in the stomach and small intestine. At which pH would the activity of both enzymes have the same catalyzing rate? A) 3 B) 4 C) 5 D) 8
Answer:
5
Explanation:
Pepsin works best in acidic conditions at pH of 2 and trypsin in alkaline conditions. A pH of 5 is best for the enzymes since it is less acidic and alkaline. However, the activity of both enzymes would be lower than expected.
Final answer:
The optimal pH for equal catalyzing rates of pepsin and trypsin enzymes is pH 8. Thus, option D is correct.
Explanation:
The pH at which the activity of both pepsin and trypsin enzymes have the same catalyzing rate is pH 8.
Both enzymes have different optimal pH levels due to the different environments they work in - pepsin in the highly acidic stomach environment with an optimum pH of about 1.5, and trypsin in the small intestine with an optimum pH of about 8.
Therefore, at pH 8, trypsin would have its optimal activity level while pepsin would also exhibit activity at this pH.
Clouds begin to form in the atmosphere when __________ causes ___________ of water on Earth.
A) the sun; evaporation
B) altitude; condensation
C) a temperature drop; evaporation
D) the prevailing wind; convection currents
Answer:
The answer is A.
Explanation:
The clouds begin to form in the atmosphere when the sun causes evaporation of water on Earth.
Hope this helps!!
Have a great day!!
Answer:
c
Explanation:
What happens at location B on this map?
1. erosion
2. acid rain
3. crystalization
4. glacier formation
The phenomenon at location B on the map can range from erosion, acid rain, crystallization or glacier formation. Which happens depends on location B's environmental, geological and climatic circumstances.
The phenomenon that occurs at location B on the map can include a variety of geographical and environmental processes depending on the characteristics of that location. Examples of these phenomena can be erosion, acid rain, crystallization, and glacier formation. Let's discuss each one briefly.
Erosion is the process where natural forces like water, wind, and ice break down rocks and soil. It's an integral part of the geomorphological process that reshapes the Earth's features. Acid rain occurs when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the atmosphere, interact with water and other chemicals to form acidic pollutants that fall to the earth, causing harm to the environment and human-made structures.
Crystallization is a process by which a solid forms, where the atoms or molecules are highly structured into a structure known as a crystal. Some of the ways by which crystals form in nature is from mineral solutions within the Earth's crust or at the Earth's surface. Glacier formation happens when snow remains in one location long enough to transform into ice. Over many years, layers of snowfall compress and turn into dense, flowing ice that we know as glaciers.
The precise process that occurs at location B would be determined by factors such as climate, geological structure, and human influence among others.
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Use the following terms to explain how specialization occurs: DNA, gene expression, differentiation *
Answer:
Every cell present in an organism has the ability to develop into a specialized type of cell. Specialized cells perform specialized functions.
All the cells of the body have the same DNA and the same number of chromosomes ( except sex cells). Yet, each cell is specialized to perform a different function because each cell has a different gene expression. The genes which are activated in one cell type might not be activated in the other cell type.
Suppose you have made the following hypothesis:The greater the height from which you drop a ball, the faster the ball will be traveling when it hits the ground because gravity has more time to speed it up.If you observed that a ball dropped from a height of 6 feet has a higher speed than a ball dropped from a height of 3 feet, does that evidence support the hypothesis?A.Yes, the evidence supports the hypothesis.B.No, the evidence contradicts the hypothesis.C.The evidence is not related to the hypothesis. please help
Answer:
The correct option is A) Yes, the evidence supports the hypothesis.
Explanation:
In the field of scientific research, a hypothesis can be described as a tentative statement which can either be proved right or wrong based on the results form the experiments we perform.
As the results from the experiment showed that the ball which was thrown from a greater height had a greater speed, hence this means that the evidence from the experiment supported the hypothesis.
What is the first cell after fertilization called?
Final answer:
After fertilization, the zygote undergoes mitotic divisions through a process called cleavage. By day four, it forms a solid ball of cells known as the morula. With further divisions and the formation of a fluid-filled cavity, it becomes a blastocyst.
Explanation:
The first cell formed after fertilization is called the zygote. This single cell undergoes a process known as cleavage, which involves several mitotic divisions that increase the number of cells without increasing the overall size. By approximately the second day after fertilization, the zygote has divided to form two cells, and these mitotic divisions continue every 12 to 24 hours. By day four, the cells arrange into a solid ball called a morula. Eventually, more divisions occur, and a fluid-filled cavity forms, transforming the structure into a blastocyst, which consists of an outer layer of cells called the trophoblast and an inner cell mass called the embryoblast, with the cavity being the blastocoel.
Think about the work you completed in your reading role. Determine the ideas that would be
most worthy to share in a literary discussion about Johnny Themain Provide an explanation for
your choices. How did the role you selected and the work you completed help you to
understand more about the text? Support your response with at least two pieces of evidence
from the novel
I think there is an answer that might be helpful. Well, you may copy and paste if necessary: The story commence in Boston in 1773. Johnny Tremain, a fourteen-year-old silversmith’s trainee worked for Mr. Lapham, an elderly silversmith, and reside in his house with Mrs. Lapham, the silversmith’s daughter-in-law, and Mrs. Lapham’s four daughters. Johnny is diligent, helpful and he is a leader in the household. Dove, a senior trainee, dislikes him for this which at times make him pick up a quarrel with johnny. From the onset of the novel, the devout Mr. Lapham encouraged Johnny to study a Bible verse about the peril of pride.
Later on, John Hancock, a wealthy merchant, went to place an order for a ornamental sugar basin to go along with his current silverware. Johnny is fascinated by the work on the current set and is amazed to know that Mr. Lapham produced it in his youth. Since Mr. Lapham is aging and is not as skilled as before, Johnny needs to help him to produce the sugar basin.
That partucular night, Johnny started walking on the Long Wharf with Cilla and Isannah, the two youngest Lapham daughters.
Johnny carried his shape of the sugar basin to Paul Revere, a master silversmith, for his opinion. Mr. Revere offered him some ideas on how to make the basin more attractive. Johnny is in a rush to have the finishing work done to the handle before it Mr. Hancock is set to collect it on Monday, so with the aid of Mrs. Lapham, he works on it on Sunday (of which he ought not to do since it is the Sabbath). Dove and Dusty Miller, the younger apprentice, are ought to help Johnny. But on the other hand, they are upset by his arrogant behaviour so they give him a fractured crucible to place the melted silver in. Initially, The prank ought to be a daft rational joke to humble Johnny a little, but he spatter melted silver all over himself and seriously burned his hand. Mrs. Lapham Mrs. Lapham employs Gran’ Hopper, a midwife, to take care of Johnny, but she couldn't keep his hand level so it twist in on itself and turn out to be hopeless. Johnny can never be a silversmith now.
the process of photosynthesis
Answer:
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, some bacteria and some protistans use the energy from sunlight to produce glucose from carbon dioxide and water. This glucose can be converted into pyruvate which releases adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by cellular respiration. Oxygen is also formed.
Explanation:
Step 1-Light Dependent. CO2 and H2O enter the leaf.
Step 2- Light Dependent. Light hits the pigment in the membrane of a thylakoid, splitting the H2O into O2.
Step 3- Light Dependent. The electrons move down to enzymes.
Step 4-Light Dependent. ...
Step 5-Light independent. ...
Step 6-Light independent.
Who determined that involved traits are determined by discrete factors? In what year?
Answer:
Gregor Mendel
Explanation:
It wasn't until 1865 that an Augustinian Monk named Gregor Mendel found that individual traits are determined by discrete "factors," later known as genes, which are inherited from the parents. His rigorous approach transformed agricultural breeding from an art to a science.
Which statement best describes what the mass of an object represents?
Answer:
mass
Explanation:
represents the mass of an object
The presence of a cancerous mass in a lung is the result of
A. Prolonged exposure to very dry air
B. The introduction of chemicals through the skin
C. Uncontrolled mitotic division and growth of cells
D. Meiotic cell division
Answer: C
Explanation:
Uncontrolled cell division is how most cancer starts and continues. Once cells begin dividing uncontrollably the cancer begins to form and gets larger until it’s removed.
What are the four main steps of cellular respiration?
Answer:
Glycolysis
Link reaction.
Krebs cycle.
Electron transport chain
A.P.E.X approved
The four main steps of cellular respiration are: 1. Glycolysis, 2. Pyruvate Decarboxylation, 3. Krebs Cycle, and 4. Electron Transport Chain.
The four main steps of cellular respiration take place in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells.
1. Glycolysis: This occurs in the cytoplasm and involves the breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. It produces a small amount of ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation and also generates NADH, which carries high-energy electrons.
2. Pyruvate Decarboxylation: In the presence of oxygen, each pyruvate molecule is transported into the mitochondria and converted into acetyl CoA. This step releases carbon dioxide and generates NADH.
3. Krebs Cycle: Acetyl CoA enters the Krebs cycle, a series of enzymatic reactions that occur in the mitochondrial matrix. During this cycle, carbon dioxide is released, and NADH, FADH2, and a small amount of ATP are generated.
4. Electron Transport Chain: The NADH and FADH2 produced in the previous steps donate their electrons to the electron transport chain, located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. As the electrons move through the chain, energy is released and used to pump protons across the membrane, creating a proton gradient.
These four steps of cellular respiration work together to efficiently extract energy from glucose molecules, allowing cells to meet their energy demands.
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A woman with Type O blood and a man who is Type AB are expecting a child. What are the possible blood types of their baby? Show your work with a Punnetts.
Answer:
All Blood Types
Explanation:
Answer: The possible blood types are A and B.
Explanation: Blood types are classified on the basis of the antigen type present in an individual. There are two types of antigens, antigen A and B. An individual with blood type O has no antigen, while an individual with blood type AB has both antigens. An individual with blood type A has antigen A while an individual with blood type B has antigen B. When A woman with blood type O crosses with a man with blood type AB, the child inherits no antigen from the mother but inherits either antigen A or B from the father.
See the attached punnet square for more information.
The agricultural revolution took place approximately _____. A. 100 years ago B. 300 years ago C. 100,000 years ago D. 10,000 years ago
Answer: b
Explanation:
Douglas fir, redwood, spruce, and cedar are trees adapted to survive in areas with heavy precipitation.
In which climatic zone would these trees be found?
A marine west coast
B Mediterranean
C humid subtropical
D steppes
It's either A marine west coast, or C humid subtropical.
" The correct option is A. The correct climatic zone where Douglas fir, redwood, spruce, and cedar trees would be found is A. marine west coast.
These trees are adapted to survive in areas with heavy precipitation, which is a characteristic of the marine west coast climate. This climate is dominated by the oceanic climate and is typically found on the western sides of continents between the latitudes of 40° and 60°. It is characterized by mild winters, cool summers, and abundant rainfall throughout the year, which is ideal for the growth of these types of trees.
On the other hand, the humid subtropical climate (C) does have significant rainfall, but it also features hot summers and generally experiences more seasonal variation in precipitation, which may not be as suitable for these specific tree species. The Mediterranean climate (B) is known for its dry summers and wet winters, which is not consistent with the conditions preferred by these trees. The steppes climate (D) is semi-arid with low precipitation, which would not support the growth of these trees that are adapted to heavy precipitation.
Therefore, the marine west coast climate (A) is the most appropriate choice for the habitat of Douglas fir, redwood, spruce, and cedar trees."
The Greenhouse Effect is terrible for the planet Earth and the environments
contained here.
True
(
False
The given statement is false.
The statement "False" indicates that the Greenhouse Effect is not inherently terrible for the planet Earth and its environments. While the natural Greenhouse Effect is essential for maintaining a habitable temperature on Earth by trapping some of the sun's heat, concerns arise due to human activities contributing to an enhanced Greenhouse Effect.
Human-induced emissions, particularly of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, intensify the natural warming effect. This anthropogenic impact leads to global warming and climate change, causing adverse effects on ecosystems, weather patterns, and sea levels. Thus, it is the intensified, human-driven Greenhouse Effect that poses environmental challenges rather than the natural Greenhouse Effect itself. Hence ,the given statement is false.
Complete question:
The Greenhouse Effect is terrible for the planet Earth and the environments contained here.
True
False
describe how each factor contributes to the genetic diversity of sexually reproducing organisms
Changes in mitosis, crossing over, random fertilization and random arrangement in meiosis.
Explanation:
Genetic diversity of sexually reproducing organisms are controlled by many factors and they are - changes in mitosis, crossing over, random fertilization and random arrangement in meiosis.
During crossing over, the sister chromatids of homologous chromosome crossover and exchange their genes which leads to recombination eventually causing genetic diversity.
Random fertilization of male and female gametes leads to the formation of zygote having the genetic content of both maternal and paternal gametes causing variation.
Environmental factors also causes some change in with time.
Sexual reproduction increases genetic diversity through crossing-over, independent assortment, and the random union of gametes, leading to offspring that are genetically unique from their parents.
The process of sexual reproduction is critical to the genetic diversity of sexually reproducing organisms. Several factors contribute to this diversity:
Crossing-over during meiosis allows for the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, creating new combinations of genes.
Independent assortment of chromosomes during meiosis results in gametes with various possible combinations of chromosomes, contributing to genetic variation.
The random union of gametes ensures that each zygote (fertilized egg) has a unique genetic makeup, further promoting genetic diversity.
These mechanisms ensure that offspring have a combination of alleles and genes that are different from both parents, providing a wealth of genetic variation that forms the basis for evolutionary adaptation and the capacity of species to survive changes in the environment.
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A maglev train uses powerful magnets to lift the train above the tracks as it moves forward. Such a design reduces what following force.
A rolling friction
B gravity
C air resistance
D fluid friction
Answer:
The answer is A
Explanation:
Which definition is the best for “semipermeable membrane”?
It is a barrier that prevents materials from moving from one side to the other.
(a)It is a barrier that allows materials to move freely from one side to the other.
(b)It is a barrier with tiny openings that let some, but not all, materials pass through.
(C)It is a barrier that helps materials move from one side to the other.
A semipermeable membrane is a barrier with tiny openings that allow only certain small molecules to pass through, playing a crucial role in processes like osmosis.
Explanation:The best definition for a semipermeable membrane is (b) It is a barrier with tiny openings that allow some, but not all, materials to pass through. This type of membrane has small pores that allow only small molecules to pass through while preventing others. Additionally, in some kinds of semipermeable membranes, certain molecules can dissolve in the membrane and diffuse across it. This is essential in processes such as osmosis, where the semipermeable membrane regulates the movement of water across itself to balance solute concentrations on both sides.
What types of questions could a researcher investigate using a computer model of the enzyme Maltese
Computer model of the enzyme will help researcher investigate its reaction specificity, the effect of alteration or concentration, kinetics of the reaction.
Explanation:
Maltase enzyme is found in saliva and pancreatic juices. Its function is to convert maltose into simpler absorbing form glucose in the process of digestion.
Computer model of enzymes are studied and observed for below-mentioned reasons:
The substrate-enzyme complex pf maltase can be studied to know the specificity of the enzyme.
Chemical structure of the maltase enzyme can be known.
The Activation energy of maltase enzyme can be known.
Enzyme kinetics of the maltase will be studied.
Concept of allosteric sites is studied.
The effect of a mutation on the enzyme can be studied.
The effect of change in concentrations of enzymes or substrate could be studied.
A computer model of the Maltese enzyme could help the researcher to investigate the substrate specificity and reaction kinetics of the enzyme.
What is maltase?It is an enzyme that converts maltose or malt sugar into glucose. It is found in saliva and pancreatic juice.
A computer model of enzyme can help the researcher in the following ways,
It can help to find the substrate specificity of maltase with maltose.It can help to find the reaction kinetics of the enzyme.It can help determine the effect of factors such as temperature, and concentration of substrate.Therefore, a computer model of the Maltese enzyme could help the researcher to investigate the substrate specificity and reaction kinetics of the enzyme.
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A scientist is trying to determine the relationship between clams, snails, and squid. When she generates a molecular clock,
she is surprised to see that clams and squid are more closely related than clams and snails. Which did the molecular clock
data show?
Clams and squid have been evolving separately for a longer time than clams and snails.
Clams and squid have been evolving separately for a shorter time than clams and snails.
Clams and snails have more in common genetically than clams and squid.
Clams and snails are more similar in related structures than clams and squids.
Answer:
B. Clams and squid have been evolving separately for a shorter time than clams and snails.
Explanation:
A molecular clock is a genetic tool often used in Evolutionary Biology which states that the genetic material and proteins evolve over time at a relatively constant rate. Therefore, the differences in their genome depend on the common ancestor both species share.
In this case, clams and squid are more closely related than clams and snails. Therefore, they have been evolving separately for a shorter time than clams and snails.
How do the chromosomes in most cells of an organism, such as the leaf cells of a plant, compare to the chromosomes in its reproductive cells, which are sperm and egg cells?
Answer:
Reproductive cells have half the amount of chromosomes than body cells
Explanation:
I think that you are talking about body cells when you say "most cells in an organism." If that is the case, then the reproductive cells, sperm and egg cells, have half the amount of chromosome than body cells.
For example: Human body cells have 46 chromosomes. Human reproductive cells has 23 chromosomes.
In sexual reproduction, each parent gives 1/2 of a full set of chromosomes to create the full set needed for an organism.
The chromosome number in the vegetative cells of an organism is usually a double of the chromosome number in its reproductive cells.
Normal organisms contain a diploid (2n) number of chromosomes. Usually, the sex cells such as sperm and egg cells contain half of the number of chromosomes in other non-reproductive parts of organisms. sex cells such as sperm and egg cells participate in sexual reproduction. Hence, they are otherwise known as gametes.
During fertilization, the sperm cell with its haploid (n) chromosome number fuses with the egg cell, also with its haploid chromosome number to form a zygote (2n) with a complete chromosome set.
Without the sex cells containing half of the normal diploid chromosome, resulting zygotes from fertilization will not be having the normal chromosome number of organisms.
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The waters off the coast of France are cold. Which of the following is the best explanation? The gyre rotates counterclockwise, bringing cold water from the south. The gyre rotates counterclockwise, removing warm water from the south. The gyre rotates clockwise, bringing cold water from the north. The gyre rotates clockwise, removing warm water from the north.
The waters off the coast of France are cold because the gyre rotates clockwise, bringing cold water from the north
Explanation:
In general, the oceanic gyres located in the northern hemisphere circulate in a clockwise direction to form the huge circular currents on the ocean surface.
This clockwise rotation is because of the Coriolis Effect which deflects the global wind to the right side of the northern hemisphere along with the surface ocean winds causing the clockwise rotational movements.
The North Atlantic Ocean gyre rotates the wind clockwise, brings in the cold air from the north and rotates along western Europe.
Further, the Beaufort gyre also rotates clockwise and rotates the cold Siberian and Arctic waters from the north to the Atlantic Ocean. Thus the waters of the western coastal regions of France get cooler.
Answer: The correct answer is C: The gyre rotates clockwise, bringing cold water from the north. I took the Earth Science 2.07 Ocean Currents Quiz and got 100% with answer C!
Explanation: In the Northern Hemisphere, the Coriolis effect causes clockwise motion to the right.
This pattern is called a gyre, which consists of the Gulf Stream, North Atlantic Current, Canary Current, and North Equatorial Current.
Gyres in the Northern Hemisphere rotate clockwise, while those in the Southern Hemisphere rotate counterclockwise.
1. How has the human population size changed
throughout history?
Answer:
Like every other organism the population size of the humans have increased over time.
Explanation:
With the improvements in science and technology, life becomes better and better for human beings. In the past, when there were no discoveries for curing diseases, the human population declined because of the spread of various diseases and famine conditions.
But as the developments in the scientific world are made, it has been easier to cure diseases and other problems. As a result, the population size of the human goes on increasing.
Human population has grown exponentially, particularly after the Industrial Revolution, due to advancements in healthcare, agriculture, and technology.
The human population size has undergone significant changes throughout history. In ancient times, the human population was relatively small, likely in the millions.
The advent of agriculture around 10,000 BCE marked a turning point, leading to a gradual increase in population due to improved food production and settled living.
The Industrial Revolution brought about significant advancements in technology, healthcare, and sanitation, leading to a rapid increase in population. This period saw the first major population boom.
In the 20th century, there was an unprecedented explosion in the global population, often referred to as the population explosion.
Advancements in medicine, hygiene, and nutrition significantly reduced mortality rates and increased life expectancy. Access to clean water and sanitation improved, contributing to better health outcomes.
The world population surpassed 7 billion around 2011 and continues to grow, albeit at a slower rate than in the mid-20th century. Various factors influence this growth, including advancements in healthcare, education, family planning, and economic development.
Demographic shifts, migration patterns, and social changes also play significant roles in shaping population dynamics.
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Which is the largest Zone in the ocean?
A. Intertidal
B. Neritic
C. Oceanic
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1. Compare and contrast the functions of the plant hormones auxin, ethylene, cytokinin, and gibberellin.
2. Describe how water is pulled from the roots to the leaves of plants, including which parts of the plant are involved.
3. Describe the functions of guard cells.
4. Describe how sugar moves through a plant.
5. Compare and contrast phototropism, geotropism, and thigmotropism by giving an example of each.
Answer:
1. Auxins is a plant hormone that plays role in the differentiation of vascular tissue, stimulates the release of ethylene, prevention of abscission, controls cellular elongation, and enhances fruit development. Cytokinin plays an important role in cell division, delay senescence, and activating dormant buds in plants. The function of ethylene hormone in plants is in fruit ripening, promoting abscission. Gibberellins stimulate pollen tube growth, cause elongation of stems, initiate mobilization of storage materials in seeds during germination.
2. During transpiration, water is pulled from the roots to the leaves through a tissue called the xylem. As water evaporates out of the leaf, more water is 'pulled upwards' to replace lost water.
3. The stomata in the leaves are surrounded by guard cells. They can regulate the rate of transpiration by opening and closing the stomata.
4.During pressure flow, the sugar is transported from leaves to roots and phloem cells through the phloem via active transport.
5.
Phototropism refers to the growth of a plant in response to a light stimulus.
Example: Sunflowers -- flowers turn to face with the sunlight.
Geotropism is a process in which plant grows in response to gravity.
Example: Roots -- grow downward in response to gravity
Thigmotropism is the directional response of a plant organ to physical contact with a solid object.
Example: the growth of ivy on walls -- upon contact to walls