Answer:
a.Hypotonic
Explanation:
Lower motor neurons refer to the spinal and cranial motor neurons that directly innervate skeletal muscles.
When injury occurs to lower parts of the motor system , such as motor systems or their axons , deficits may be well localized. If the motor nerve to a muscle is damaged , that muscle develop paresis or complete paralysis. If their motor nerves are transected ,muscles become flaccid (atonia ) and eventually develops atrophy.
Damage to these neurons is associated with :
1) Flaccid paralysis
2) Muscle atrophy
3) Fasciculations
4) Hypotonia
5) Hyporeflexia.
Hence option A is the right answer.
When public health officials were determining the amount of folate to add to grain products in the food supply for fortification, they most likely reviewed which of the following values for that particular vitamin for women of child-bearing age?
EAR - this is a specific group that requires T/F
Answer:
It is TRUE that When public health officials were determining the amount of folate to add to grain products in the food supply for fortification, they most likely reviewed the following values for that particular vitamin for women of child-bearing age.
EAR - this is a specific group that requires.
Explanation:
Child bearing age is from Puberty to menopause.
An enzyme known as lipase digests fats. An inhibitor of lipase is used as a weight-loss drug. This inhibitor binds in the active site of lipase. This inhibitor most likely resembles a(n) _____.
Answer:
The correct answer is - a fat
Explanation:
According to the enzyme-substrate reaction the substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme and makes the enzyme-substrate complex and product is obtained after the reaction.
So for lipase, the substrate is fat which is broken down into simpler form by lipase. So to inhibit the lipase activity the inhibitor should fit into the active site of the lipase enzyme. The inhibitor will fit only if the shape of the inhibitor resembles the substrate(fat) of lipase. So this inhibitor should likely to resemble as a fat.
Your patient is a 52-year-old male complaining of shortness of breath. He is sitting up, alert, and oriented and appears to be in moderate respiratory distress. He states that he "always gets a chest cold in the winter" and describes a three-week history of productive cough and increasing shortness of breath. Physical examination reveals coarse rhonchi to the upper lobes bilaterally, air movement is decreased in the bases, and his skin is cool with peripheral cyanosis. You note that he is overweight and describes an 18-pack-a-year smoking history. Based on these clinical exam findings, the most clinically relevant finding you might also expect is:
When respiratory insufficiency worsens, a person may not try to breathe at all or stop breathing altogether. On the other hand, folks who are having respiratory difficulty keep trying very hard to breathe.
What are the symptoms of moderate respiratory distress?The first sign of ARDS is typically shortness of breath. Additional symptoms of ARDS include low blood oxygen levels, rapid breathing, and clicking, bubbling, or rattling sounds created by the lungs during breathing. At any age, ARDS can manifest.
There is no particular test to diagnose ARDS. The physical examination, chest X-ray, and oxygen levels are used to make the diagnosis. Additionally, it's critical to rule out other illnesses and ailments that can manifest similar symptoms, such as some cardiac conditions.
Therefore, the most clinically relevant finding you might also expect is JVD, pedal edema, hepatic congestion.
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If you hear a loud noise that awakens you while going to sleep and you feel as though you had not even been asleep, then you were most likely in which stage of sleep?
Answer:
If you hear a loud noise that awakens you while going to sleep and you feel as though you had not even been asleep, then you were most likely in which Relaxed wakefulness state.
Explanation:
"Relaxed Wakefulness is a daily recurring brain state and state of consciousness in which an individual is conscious and engages in coherent cognitive and behavioral responses to the external world."
A viral disease characterized by sudden onset with slight fever, successive eruptions of macules, papules, and vesicles on the skin, followed by crusting over of the lesions with a granular scab is known as:_______.
Answer:
The correct answer is chiken pox.
Explanation:
Chickenpox is a very highly contagious disease which is caused by the varicella-zoster virus. It is characterized by fatigue, sudden mild fever, eruption of macules, papules, and vesicles on back and chest first then they are spread to other body parts.
Then these papules or blisters get burst and the lesions dry into scab or brown crust. This virus can spread from one person to another person through direct contact with the fluid of an infected person or through the air. So the right answer is chickenpox.
Answer:
Chicken pox
Explanation:
Chickenpox is a disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus which affects the children than adults.
Once the pathogen enters the host it uses its machinery to replicate and the body shows symptoms like a slight fever and the itchy skin with red bumps called papules, the crusts and scabs and the small fluid-filled blisters which can break and gets leaked.
In the given question, since the symptoms are similar to the symptoms shown by the pathogen varicella zoster virus therefore the chickenpox is the correct answer.
C.J. is stuck in her car during a bitterly cold blizzard. Her body responds to the cold by ________. a. increasing the blood to her hands and feet b. breaking down stored energy c. becoming lethargic to conserve heat d. significantly increasing blood oxygen levels
Answer:
c
Explanation:
C.J. is stuck in her car during a bitterly cold blizzard. Her body responds to the cold by becoming lethargic to conserve heat. Thus, option C is correct.
What is cold blizzard?
Cold blizzard is very dangerous winter storms and it is a combination of blowing snow and wind resulting in very low visibilities.
The speed of winds over 72 km/h near zero visibility, and temperature of -12 degree C and 10 degree F.
Homeostasis is the self- regulating procedure in which the system of the body maintain internal temperature and adjusting the outer conditions.
Homeostasis is very important to maintain the temperature of the body as when it is too much cold the body starts shivering to generate heat and release sweat to maintain the temperature of the body.
Therefore, C.J. is stuck in her car during a bitterly cold blizzard. Her body responds to the cold by becoming lethargic to conserve heat. Thus, option C is correct.
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In the context of postpartum psychological problems faced by mothers, _________ is characterized by delusional thoughts about the infant that place the infant at risk of injury or death.
Answer:
Postpartum psychosis
Explanation:
This postpartum psychological problem causes a woman to suffer symptoms like fear, distress, hearing of strange voices, which tend to last for 2 to 12 weeks. Where the mother has either a personal or family history of bipolar disorder could increase her chance of having postpartum psychosis. This, however, has a high risk of killing herself or death of the baby if not treated.
Answer: Postpartum psychosis.
Explanation: Postpartum psychosis or puerperal psychosis is a severe mental illness caused by hormonal changes.its onset is from the first 2weeks after childbirth.
It's is characterised by elevated mood(mania), sudden thoughts of throwing or harming the baby in any way,hallucinations(seeing or hearing things that doesn't exist),delusions, depression, inability to initiate and sustain sleep (insomnia), paranoia, severe confusion,loss of inhibition and impaired contact with reality.
Treatment is by counselling with a psychiatrist,psychologist or other qualified mental health professional,close monitoring, hospitalization, antipsychotics/antidepressants medication administration, and electroconvulsive therapy.
Dr. Browning studies things that cause people stress. He predicts that people will experience more stress when they are being observed than when they are alone. For his research, he brings people into the lab and collects data by recording their heart rate and sweat production under various stress inducing situations. His goal is to analyze the findings and publish them in a research journal. Which paradigm matches Dr. Browning's approach?
Answer:
logical positivism
Explanation:
Logical positivism is A movement of philosophy in the twentieth century which holds that all meaningful claims can be tested or at least checked by observations and exploration, and that therefore metaphysical theories are purely nonsensical.Logical Empiricism or positivism, the philosophical movement which originated in Vienna in 1920s, is identified by the view that science is the only form of factual knowledge,
Answer:
logical positivism
Explanation:
A home care nurse is caring for a client with complaints of epigastric discomfort who is scheduled for a barium swallow. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the test?
a) "I'll take a laxative to clear my bowels before the test."
b) "I'll drink full liquids the day before the test."
c) "I'll avoid eating or drinking anything 6 to 8 hours before the test."
d) "There is no need for special preparation before the test."
Answer:
c) "I'll avoid eating or drinking anything 6 to 8 hours before the test."
Explanation:
Barium is a white substance like chalk. For swallowing, it mixed with water and its thick like milk-shake.When it enters into GI tract, it coated with tract lining so when we do X-ray it shows white on X-ray film because barium absorb the X-ray.It should be advised the patient to avoid the eating and drinking for clear picture of X-ray film otherwise food debries etc will affect the diagnosis and interpretation of results.A mental illness causing a man to think he is Napoleon and is now governing the world is called _____
Todd is preoccupied with a small bump on his nose that he thinks is "huge and grotesque." Daily, he spends hours in front of the mirror examining his perceived defect. Todd would most likely be diagnosed with ________.a. an adjustment disorder
b. hypochondriasis
c. an impulse control disorder
d. body dysmorphic disorder
Answer:
I believe it’s d body dysmorphic disorder
Explanation:
Todd has a small bump on his nose, but he thinks it is big. So he spends lots of time looking at the mirror. This type of mental illness shows he has been diagnosed with body dysmorphic disorder. Option d is correct for the situation.
What is mental illness?Mental illness has several reasons and effects. Some people are affected by this because of traumatic past experiences, while others are affected by the judgments that others receive for having the same flaws.
In body dysmorphic disorder, a person is very anxious about his body. If there are any small injuries or small bumps, then they feel insecure about that. They try their best to avoid the situation. Todd has a small bump, but he thinks that others might see it as gross and judge him or her for it, so he examines it daily.
Hence, Todd is suffering from body dysmorphic disorder. Option d is correct for the situation.
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Ana was interested in the relationship between funding sources for nutritional researches and the conclusions of those researches. She gathered information on all researches concerning soft drinks that were published between 11 January, 1999 and 31 December, 2003, and compared the source of their funding with the results of the research. What type of a statistical study did Ana use?
Answer:
Ana used an observational study, and there is a correlation between the source of funding and the conclusions of soft drink researches.
Explanation:
Khan Academy
Final answer:
Ana utilized a correlational study to explore the association between funding sources for nutritional research on soft drinks and the conclusions derived from that research.
Explanation:
Ana conducted a type of statistical study known as a correlational study. In this study, Ana looked at the relationship between two variables, specifically the source of funding for nutritional research on soft drinks and the conclusions of the research. She compared the funding information against the research outcomes to determine if there is a correlation between the two factors. This type of study is observational as it does not involve manipulation of variables but rather observes and records relationships or associations as they naturally occur.
Your client's lab values are sodium 166 mEq/L, potassium 5.0 mEq/L, chloride 115 mEq/L, and bicarbonate 35 mEq/L. What condition is this client likely to have, judging by anion gap?
A. Metabolic acidosis.
B. Respiratory alkalosis.
C. Metabolic alkalosis.
D. Respiratory acidosis.
Answer:
The correct answer is - option A.
Explanation:
The anion gap is the difference between the positively and negatively charged electrolytes sum of bicarbonate and chloride ion and potassium and sodium cations.
Too high or too low of the anion gap is related to the disorder in lung, kidney and other. An anion gap that is more than 16 mEq/L suggestes that it is case of metabolic acidosis, in the given given question the anion gap is : (166+5) - (115+35), yielding 21 mEq/L.
Thus, the correct answer is - option A.
During pregnancy, the enzyme that metabolizes caffeine (CYP1A2) becomes less effective. If this enzyme is less efficient at metabolizing caffeine during pregnancy, what is likely to happen to the half-life of caffeine for a pregnant woman?
Answer:
The correct answer would be - it would increase.
Explanation:
The enzyme that is responsible for the metabolism of caffeine is produced by the gene CYP1A2 that is code for this enzyme. The change or the variability of the activity of gene and the activity of the enzyme produce by the less activity of gene would affect the clearance of the caffeine from the body and cause disease.
The less efficient enzyme would affect the half life cycle as it will not able to reduce the activation energy which lead to the increase in the half life cycle of the caffeine.
Thus, the correct answer is - it would increase.
Answer:
it would increase
Explanation:
how are the rights of Americans with disabilities protected?
Answer:
The ADA prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability in employment, State and local government, public accommodations, commercial facilities, transportation, and telecommunications.
To be protected by the ADA, one must have a disability or have a relationship or association with an individual with a disability.
Explanation:
Juana is a junior in college and receives scholarship funds at the beginning of each semester. In the past, this money has been sufficient to cover her costs each term. But this fall she ran out of money before the term was over. Which of the following is the MOST sensible step she can take to make sure she doesn't run out in the spring?A) Create a budget to help her smooth out her spending and avoid surprises.
B) Drop one of her classes and get a job to add to her income.
C) Request a cost of living increase in her scholarship funds.
D) Track her income to see where the money is going.
Answer:
Request a cost of living increase in her scholarship funds.
To avoid running out of money in the spring, the most sensible step Juana can take is to create a budget that will help her manage her finances by tracking income and expenses. This will provide a clear overview of her financial situation and allow for better financial planning and decision-making, option A is correct.
To ensure Juana does not run out of money in the spring, the most sensible step she can take is to create a budget. A budget will help her track her income and expenses, allowing her to see where her money is going each month. By allocating funds carefully to different categories, she can avoid surprises and ensure that she has enough money to cover her costs throughout the term. This planning process will also help identify areas where she can potentially save money or adjust her spending accordingly.
Moreover, having a budget in place provides a framework for managing finances that can be adjusted as her financial situation changes. For instance, if Juana considers working part-time, she can incorporate the additional income into her budget. Even if she decides to request a cost of living increase in her scholarship funds, knowing her exact financial needs will be useful when making her case. In essence, the budget serves as a proactive tool for financial stability during her college years.
The nurse is providing nutrition-related teaching for the caregiver of a 6-year-old client. Which statement indicates the caregiver needs clarification or additional teaching?
Answer:
If the caregiver answers that the six year old shouldn't be allowed to leave the table if the plate is not completly finished.
Explanation:
It is more beneficial for a kid to have a good relation with food, it is not advisable for a caregiver to force a kid to eat. Some times kids need to have smaller portions and this does not mean it is bad for them. It better for them to have a meal feeling confortable, and no forcing to eat is neccesary .
An older adult client expresses concern about straining to pass stools that are small and hard. What term will the health care provider use to document this in this client's chart?
Answer:
Bowl Movement (BM)
Explanation:
Answer:
Bowl Movement (BM)
Explanation:
If children believe that their parents and teachers decide which behaviors are right and wrong, they can be said to be in which of Piaget’s stages?
Answer: Concrete operational stage
Explanation: Concrete operational stage is the third stage of Piaget’s theory, that deals with cognitive development of a child. Concrete operational stage comes after the preoperational stage, which occurs between 7-10 years of age. Optimum use of logic is usually seen during this period.
However, the ability to view things from another individual’s perspective is acquired by the child during this stage, regardless of what they think happened.
Your lab partner accidentally gets a mist of your solution in her eye. You immediately help her to the eye wash to rinse it. After about a minute, she feels better and is ready to get back to work. You should:a. Let the TA inspect her eye to see if it is okay. b. Check to see if her eye is still red. If not, hurry so that you can finish the experiment c. Keep her in the eye wash for at least 15 minutes, and then make sure she goes to student health, just to be sure. d. Keep her in the eye wash for at least 5 minutes and then let the TA decide if she can continue working.
Answer:
c. Keep her in the eye wash for at least 15 minutes, and then make sure she goes to student health, just to be sure.
Explanation:
The standard procedure during eye contact with chemicals is to immediately flush the eyes with cool water for 15 minutes to prevent any serious corrosive injury before seeking out a health care professional immediately.
Answer:
c. Keep her in the eye wash for at least 15 minutes, and then make sure she goes to student health, just to be sure.
Explanation:
The standard procedure during eye contact with chemicals is to immediately flush the eyes with cool water for 15 minutes to prevent any serious corrosive injury before seeking out a health care professional immediately.
How are passive immunity and active immunity similar?
Answer:
This is the difference between passive and active immunity
Explanation:
Based on the general theme of conservation, which of the following is most likely to happen if an athlete breaks his arm and must wear a cast and not use that arm for six weeks? Based on the general theme of conservation, which of the following is most likely to happen if an athlete breaks his arm and must wear a cast and not use that arm for six weeks? The muscles in the other arm will get stronger in order to help out. Muscles in the injured arm will get smaller because they are not being used. The muscles in the injured arm will not change—only the bone was broken. The muscles in the injured arm will get stronger to compensate for the injured bone.
Answer:
The most likely to happen if an athlete breaks his arm and must wear a cast and not use that arm for six weeks'Muscles in the injured arm will get smaller because they are not being used.'
Explanation:
So therefore when an arm is broken it is only the bone that is broken the muscle remains intact but use of the arm within that period is what will determine the increase or decrease of muscle strength.
since by the statement above we have been able to establish the fact that the arm is not being used then we can conclude that strength of the muscle will decrease.
A 76-year-old resident of an assisted living facility who has a history of heart failure has presented to her primary care provider for a scheduled appointment. Which of the woman's statements suggests that her heart failure is worsening?
A. "I find that I have to wake up two or three times a night to go to the washroom, which never used to be the case."
B. "I find that my appetite is not what it used to be, and I have to will myself to eat enough healthy food."
C. "I pride myself in staying alert and up-to-date but lately I've forgotten a few important events."
D. "The last few weeks I've found that I'm more comfortable sleeping in a chair than in my bed."
Answer:
The woman's statements suggests that her heart failure is worsening is the fact that "I pride myself in staying alert and up-to-date but lately I've forgotten a few important events."
Explanation:
heart Failure: this occurs when the heart dosen't pump enough blood as the way it ought to.
8. Once an ovum is released from an ovary,
A. a zygote forms.
B. ovarian cysts form.
C. menstruation starts.
D. it enters the fallopian tubes.
Answer: Ovulation is the release of an egg from one of a woman's ovaries. After the egg is released, it travels down the fallopian tube, where fertilization by a sperm cell may occur. Ovulation typically lasts one day and occurs in the middle of a woman's menstrual cycle, about two weeks before she expects to get her period.
Explanation: Ovulation is the release of an egg from one of a woman's ovaries. After the egg is released, it travels down the fallopian tube, where fertilization by a sperm cell may occur. Ovulation typically lasts one day and occurs in the middle of a woman's menstrual cycle, about two weeks before she expects to get her period.
After an ovum is released from an ovary during ovulation, it enters the fallopian tubes where it can potentially meet a sperm for fertilization.
Explanation:When an ovum is released from an ovary, also known as ovulation, it does not immediately become a zygote, ovarian cysts do not form, nor does menstruation start. Instead, the egg enters the fallopian tubes where it is available for fertilization. In the event that the egg meets a sperm and is fertilized, then it would begin the process of forming a zygote. Menstruation only begins if the ovum is not fertilized; this is the body's way of removing the unfertilized egg. On the other hand, ovarian cysts are typically unrelated to the release of an ovum.
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Applications of cognitive science to health informatics include all of the following, except:
a. Interoperability of systems
b. Decision support systems
c. Usability and user-centered interfaces
d. Terminology development
Answer:
a. Interoperability of systems
Explanation:
Theories and methods from cognitive science can greatly inform medical informatics by addressing issues such as the usability of systems, the process of medical decision making, and the training of physicians and end users.
These includes decision support systems , usability and user-centered interfaces, terminology development and so on.
Cognitive science is used in health informatics, with applications in interoperability of systems, decision support systems, and usability and user-centered interfaces. But it does not directly apply to terminology development, which is important for smooth communication in health informatics but does not utilize cognitive science principles.
Explanation:The field of cognitive science pertains to the study of mind and intelligence. It involves various disciplines such as psychology, computer science, philosophy, neuroscience etc., and it is applied to several areas including health informatics to facilitate better healthcare delivery.
Now, considering the options, interoperability of systems, decision support systems, and usability and user-centered interfaces are all applications of cognitive science to health informatics. Interoperability helps different information systems to work together within and across organizational boundaries, decision support systems augment clinical decision-making process, and usability brings user-centered design principles to ensure that health systems are efficient and user friendly.
However, terminology development is not directly an application of cognitive science. While having uniform and shared terminologies is important in health informatics for smooth communication and understanding, it doesn't directly involve the application of cognitive science principles.
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Oral bacteria and dietary sugars are two of the three parts of the "Etiology Triad" of Early Childhood Caries. What is the third part of the triad?
Answer:
Teeth (The enamel and dentine of teeth which is vulnerable to demineralization) is the third part of triad.
Explanation:
Etiology triad includes :
1) Oral bacteria
2) Dietary sugars.
3) Teeth
Oral bacteria break down dietary sugars into acids which break down the teeth.
Bacteria are the causative agent . Destroys tooth structure , often rapidly. Usually affets the maxillary incisors first.
Potentially sever consequences could include pain , tooth loss , pulpitis , pulp necrosis and dental abscess.
True or False: If the provider has not determined a definitive diagnosis, the assessment will typically include a list of differential diagnoses.
Answer:
true
Explanation:
Answer:
.
Explanation:
Caryn is a smoker with a 12-year history of smoking a half-pack of cigarettes daily. As a result, her respiratory epithelium has undergone metaplasia. She is concerned about the threat of cancer. She asks if the metaplasia is reversible if she stops smoking now. You tell her that:_____________
Answer:
Cells with metaplasia often return to their normal state when the irritation is removed.
Explanation:
Metaplasia is potentially a reversible stage which emphasizes adaptation to the environment.
In this type of cellular adaptation , a cell type sensitive to a particular environmental stress is replaced by another cell able to withstand the adverse environment.
If the irritation causing the metaplasia ceases or is removed, tissues return to their normal pattern of differentiation.
Mary Whiton Calkins: a. founded the first psychology laboratory in America at Yale University. b. studied with Sigmund Freud and became the first female psychoanalyst in the United States. c. is best known for her pioneering research on comparative psychology and her book, The Animal Mind. d. conducted research on personality, dreams, and memory, and was the first woman elected president of the American Psychological Association.
Answer:
The correct answer is - option D.
Explanation:
Mary Whiton Calkins was a psychologist and the philosopher who was first to introduce the field of the one's own or self psychology. She was first women elected as the president of the american psychological association.
She is known for the her research on dreams, memory, personality and developing the theory of self psychology that was focuses on the one's own relations to the goals and objects in the particular external environment.
Thus, the correct answer is - option D.
A primigravid client at 36 weeks' gestation with premature rupture of the membranes is to be discharged home on bed rest with follow-up by the nurse. After instruction about care while at home, which client statement indicates effective teaching?
After instruction about care while at home this statement "I should contact the doctor if my temperature is 100.4° F (38°C) or higher. " indicates effective teaching.
Explanation :Because there is an increased risk of infection in the client , so , when the client says that she will contact the doctor if her temperature is 38° C (100.4° F) or greater , successful teaching is indicated.
The client should be instructed that he should monitor her temperature two times / day.
The client should avoid all the activities which can cause infection i-e from coitus, douching, and tub bathing.
As water in shower doesn't enter the vagina and increase the risk of infection ,showering is permitted .
A fluid intake of at least 2 L daily is recommended to prevent potential urinary tract infection.